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Nepos · Eumenes

Nepos, Eumenes 11

Eumenes in chains

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Eum. 11.1Itaque cum eum in custōdiam dedisset et praefectus custōdum quaesīsset, quem ad modum servārī vellet, "ut ācerrimum" inquit "leōnem aut ferōcissimum elephantum": nōndum enim statuerat, cōnservāret eum necne.And so, when he had put him in custody and the commander of the guards had asked how he wished him to be kept, 'Like the fiercest lion,' he said, 'or the most savage elephant': for he had not yet decided whether to spare him or not. Eum. 11.2Veniēbat autem ad Eumenem utrumque genus hominum, et quī propter odium frūctum oculīs ex eius cāsū capere vellent, et quī propter veterem amīcitiam colloquī cōnsōlārīque cuperent, multī etiam, quī eius fōrmam cognōscere studēbant, quālis esset, quem tam diū tamque valdē timuissent, cuius in perniciē positam spem habuissent victōriae.There came to Eumenes, moreover, both kinds of people: those who out of hatred wished to feast their eyes on his downfall, and those who because of old friendship wanted to talk with him and console him, and many too who were eager to see what he looked like, the man whom they had feared for so long and so greatly, on whose ruin they had placed their hope of victory.

Eum. 11.3At Eumenēs, cum diūtius in vinclīs esset, ait Onomarchō, penes quem summa imperiī erat custōdiae, sē mīrārī, quārē iam tertium diem sīc tenērētur: nōn enim hoc convenīre Antigonī prūdentiae, ut sīc ūterētur dēvictō: quīn aut interficī aut missum fierī iubēret.But Eumenes, when he had been in chains for some time, said to Onomarchus, who held the chief command of the guard, that he wondered why he was being kept like this for the third day now: for it did not befit Antigonus' good sense to treat a defeated man so: why did he not order him either to be killed or to be released? Eum. 11.4Hic cum ferōcius Onomarchō loquī vidērētur, "quid?When Eumenes seemed to Onomarchus to be speaking too defiantly, 'What? Eum. 11.4Tū" inquit "animō sī istō erās, cūr nōn in proeliō cecidistī potius quam in potestātem inimīcī venīrēs?"You,' he said, 'if you had that spirit, why did you not fall in battle rather than come into the power of your enemy?' Eum. 11.5Huic Eumenēs "utinam quidem istud ēvēnisset!To him Eumenes replied: 'Would indeed that it had happened!

Eum. 11.5Sed eō nōn accidit, quod numquam cum fortiōre sum congressus: nōn enim cum quōquam arma contulī, quīn is mihi succubuerit."But it did not happen because I never engaged with a stronger man: for I have never crossed arms with anyone without his yielding to me.' Eum. 11.5Neque id erat falsum: nōn enim virtūte hostium, sed amīcōrum perfidiā dēcidit.Nor was this false: for he fell not through the valour of his enemies but through the treachery of his friends. Eum. 11.5Nam et dignitāte fuit honestā et vīribus ad labōrem ferendum firmīs neque tam magnō corpore quam figūrā venustā.For he was of dignified bearing and firm in strength for enduring toil, and not so much large in body as handsome in shape.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (135 words)
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
custōdia, -ae f.guard, protection
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
praefectus, -ī m.commander, officer
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
volō, velle, voluīwish
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
leō, -ōnis, m.lion
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
ferōx, -ōcis, adj.fierce, savage
elephantus, -ī m.elephant
nōndum, adv.not yet
enim, conj.for
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtuscause to stand; decide, resolve
cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātuspreserve, keep
necne (conj.)or not
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
homō, hominis, m.man
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
odium, -ī, n.hatred
frūctus, -ūs, m.enjoyment; fruit
oculus, -ī, m.eye
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
vetus, veterisold, former
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
colloquor (conloquor), -ī, -locūtus sumtalk with, confer
cōnsōlor, -ārī, -ātus sumcomfort, console
que, enclitic conj.and
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
studeō, -ēre, -uībe eager, give attention, apply oneself
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
tam, adv.so
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
valdē, adv.very, greatly
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
perniciēs, -ēī f.ruin, destruction
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
spēs, speī, f.hope
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
victōria, -ae, f.victory
at, conj.but
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
penes (prep. + acc.)in the hands of, in the power of
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
quārē (adv.)why; for which reason
iam, adv.now, already
tertius, -a, -umthird
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
sīc, adv.so, thus
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
nōn, adv.not
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
prūdentia, -ae, f.prudence
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
dēvincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victusconquer completely, subdue
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
ferōciter (adv.)fiercely, defiantly
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sī, conj.if
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
cūr, adv.why
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
potius (adv.)rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
utinam (adv.)if only, would that (with subjunctive)
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
ēveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome out; turn out, happen, befall
sed, conj.but
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
quod, conj.that, in that, because
numquam, adv.never
cum, prep, with abl.with
fortis, -ebrave
congredior, -ī, -gressus summeet; come to grips, fight
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
succumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumsink under, give way, yield
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
falsus, -a, -umfeigned, pretended, false
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
perfidia, -ae f.treachery, bad faith
dēcidō, -cidere, -cidīfall down
nam, conj.for
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
firmus, -a, -umstrong, steadfast
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
corpus, corporis, n.body
figūra, -ae, f.form, shape, figure
venustus, -a, -umcharming, attractive, graceful
Nepos, Eumenes. Latin text: A. Fleckeisen, Cornelii Nepotis Vitae (Teubner, 1886), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.