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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.7

Rome spared; the allies defeated

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Liv. 3.7.1Dēserta omnia, sine capite, sine vīribus, Diī praesidēs ac fortūna urbis tūtāta est, quae Volscīs Aequīsque praedōnum potius mentem quam hostium dedit;With everything abandoned, without a head, without strength, the city was protected by its guardian gods and its fortune, which gave the Volscians and Aequi the mind of plunderers rather than of enemies; Liv. 3.7.1adeō enim nūllam spem nōn potiundī modo, sed nē adeundī quidem Rōmāna moenia animus eōrum cēpit, tēctaque procul vīsa atque inminentēs tumulī āvertēre mentēs eōrum, ut tōtīs passim castrīs fremitū ortō, quid in vāstō ac dēsertō agrō inter tābem pecorum hominumque dēsidēs sine praedā tempus tererent, cum integra loca, Tusculānum agrum opīmum cōpiīs, petere possent, signa repente convellerent trānsversīsque itineribus per Labīcānōs agrōs in Tusculānōs collēs trānsīrent.for their spirit conceived no hope, not only of taking, but not even of approaching the walls of Rome, and the roofs seen in the distance and the overhanging hills so turned their minds away that, a murmur arising everywhere throughout the camp as to why they should waste their time idle, without plunder, in a waste and deserted land amid the rotting carcasses of cattle and men, when they could make for untouched places, the Tusculan land rich in supplies, they suddenly pulled up their standards and passed by cross-country routes through the territory of Labici into the Tusculan hills.

Liv. 3.7.3Eō vīs omnis tempestāsque bellī conversa est.There all the violence and storm of the war was turned. Liv. 3.7.3Interim Hernicī Latīnīque, pudōre etiam, nōn misericordiā sōlum mōtī, sī nec obstitissent commūnibus hostibus īnfestō agmine Rōmānam urbem petentibus nec opem ūllam obsessīs sociīs ferrent, coniūnctō exercitū Rōmam pergunt.Meanwhile the Hernici and Latins, moved by shame too and not by pity alone, if they neither opposed the common enemy as he made for the city of Rome in hostile column nor brought any help to their besieged allies, joined their armies and proceeded to Rome. Liv. 3.7.5Ubi cum hostēs nōn invēnissent, secūtī fāmam ac vestīgia obviī fīunt dēscendentibus ab Tusculānā in Albānam vallem.When they did not find the enemy there, following reports and tracks they met them as they were coming down from the Tusculan territory into the Alban valley. Liv. 3.7.5Ibi haudquāquam aequō proeliō pugnātum est, fidēsque sua sociīs parumfēlīx in praesentiā fuit fuit.There the fight was far from equal, and their loyalty brought the allies little luck for the present. Liv. 3.7.6Haud minor Rōmae fit morbō strāgēs, quam quanta ferrō sociōrum facta erat.At Rome the slaughter caused by disease was no less than that which had been caused among the allies by the sword.

Liv. 3.7.6Cōnsul, quī ūnus supererat, moritur;The consul who alone survived died; Liv. 3.7.6mortuī et aliī clārī virī, M'. Valerius, T. Verginius Rutilus augurēs, Ser. Sulpicius cūriō maximus;other distinguished men died as well, the augurs Manius Valerius and Titus Verginius Rutilus, and the chief curio Servius Sulpicius; Liv. 3.7.6et per ignōta capita lātē vagāta est vīs morbī.and among obscure persons too the violence of the disease spread far and wide. Liv. 3.7.7Inopsque senātus auxiliī hūmānī ad deōs populum ac vōta vertit: iussī cum coniugibus ac līberīs supplicātum īre pācemque exposcere deum.And the senate, destitute of human help, turned the people to the gods and to vows: they were ordered to go with their wives and children to make supplication and to beg the peace of the gods. Liv. 3.7.8Ad id, quod sua quemque mala cōgēbant, auctōritāte pūblicā ēvocātī omnia dēlūbra inplent.Summoned by public authority to what their own afflictions were already forcing each of them to do, they filled all the shrines. Liv. 3.7.8Strātae passim mātrēs crīnibus templa verrentēs veniam īrārum caelestium fīnemque pestī exposcunt.Everywhere mothers lay prostrate, sweeping the temples with their hair, begging pardon for the anger of heaven and an end to the plague.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (176 words)
dēsertus, -a, -umdeserted
omnis, -eall, every
sine, prep. with abl.without
caput, capitis, n.head
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
deus, -ī, m.god
praeses, praesidis, m.protector
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
urbs, urbis, f.city
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
que, enclitic conj.and
praedō, -ōnis m.robber, pirate
potius (adv.)rather
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
enim, conj.for
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
spēs, speī, f.hope
nōn, adv.not
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
modo, adv.only
sed, conj.but
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
immineō, -ērehang over; threaten, be close at hand
tumulus, -ī m.mound, hillock
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
fremitus, -ūs, m.roaring, roar
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
ager, agri, m.field, land
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
tābēs, -is f.wasting, decay; plague, pestilence
pecus, pecoris, n.herd, flock, cattle
homō, hominis, m.man
dēses, -idisidle, inactive
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
terō, -ere, trīvī, trītusrub, wear away; tempus terere: waste time
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
Tusculānus, -a, -umof Tusculum, the Latin town on the hills south-east of Rome
opīmus, -a, -umrich; spolia opīma: the spoils taken by a commander who killed the enemy commander
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
repente (adv.)suddenly
convellō, -ere, -vellī, -vulsumtear away, wrench loose; shatter
trānsversus, -a, -umrunning across, crosswise
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
Lavīcānus (Labīcānus), -a, -umof Labici
collis, -is m.hill
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
tempestās, -tātis, f.weather; storm, tempest
bellum, -ī, n.war
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
interim (adv.)meanwhile
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
misericordia, -ae, f;pity, compassion
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
sī, conj.if
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
ūllus, -a, -umany
obsideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessusbeset, besiege
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
pergō, -ere, perrēxī, perrēctumgo on, press on
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
dēscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb down, descend
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
Albānus, -a, -umAlban, of Alba Longa; mōns Albānus: the Alban Mount; (m. pl. as noun) the Albans
vallis, -is, f.valley
ibi, adv.in that place, there
haudquāquam, adv.in no wise, not at all
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
praesentia, -ae, f.the present
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
morbus, -ī m.sickness, disease
strāgēs, -is f.slaughter, carnage; heap of fallen bodies
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
morior, morī, mortuusdie
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
vir, virī, m.man
augur, -uris m.augur, a priest who read the will of the gods from birds and signs
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
lātēwidely
vagor, -ārī, -ātus sumwander, roam
inops, -opispoor, needy
senātus, -ūs m.senate
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
populus, -ī m.people, nation
vōtum, -ī n.vow; wish, prayer
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
cum, prep, with abl.with
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
supplicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspray humbly, make supplication (to: dat.)
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
pāx, pācis f.peace
exposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand earnestly, call for
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
ēvocō, -vocāre, -vocāvī, -vocātuscall out, challenge
dēlūbrum, -ī n.shrine, sanctuary
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
māter, mātris, f.mother
crīnis, -is m.hair, a lock of hair
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
verrō, -ere, versussweep
venia, -ae f.pardon, forgiveness
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
caelestis, -eheavenly; pl. as noun: the gods
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.