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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.66

The Aequi and Volsci raid Rome

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Liv. 3.66.1T. Quīnctius Capitōlīnus quārtum et Agrippa Fūrius cōnsulēs inde factī nec sēditiōnem domī nec forīs bellum accēpērunt;Titus Quinctius Capitolinus, for the fourth time, and Agrippa Furius were then made consuls, and inherited neither sedition at home nor war abroad; Liv. 3.66.2sed inminēbat utrumque.but both were threatening. Liv. 3.66.2Iam nōn ultrā discordia cīvium reprimī poterat et tribūnīs et plēbe incitātā in patrēs, cum diēs alicui nōbilium dicta novīs semper certāminibus contiōnēs turbāret.The discord of the citizens could no longer be held back, with both tribunes and plebs roused against the senators, while the summoning of one noble or another to trial kept disturbing the assemblies with ever new struggles. Liv. 3.66.3Ad quōrum prīmum strepitum velut signō acceptō arma cēpēre Aequī ac Volscī, simul quod persuāserant iīs ducēs cupidī praedārum bienniō ante dīlēctum indictum habērī nōn potuisse abnuente iam plēbe imperium;At the first noise of these quarrels, as though they had received a signal, the Aequi and Volsci took up arms, partly because their leaders, eager for plunder, had persuaded them that two years earlier the levy proclaimed could not be held, since the plebs now refused obedience; Liv. 3.66.4eō adversus sē nōn esse missōs exercitūs.that was why armies had not been sent against them.

Liv. 3.66.4Dissolvī licentiā mīlitandī mōrem, nec prō commūnī iam patriā Rōmam esse.Military custom was being dissolved by licence, and Rome was no longer a common fatherland. Liv. 3.66.4Quidquid īrārum simultātiumque cum externīs fuerit, in ipsōs vertī.Whatever anger and quarrels they had had with foreigners were being turned against themselves. Liv. 3.66.4Occaecātōs lupōs intestīnā rabiē opprimendī occāsiōnem esse.Now was the chance to crush the wolves, blinded by their own internal frenzy. Liv. 3.66.5Coniūnctīs exercitibus Latīnum prīmum agrum perpopulātī sunt;With their armies joined they first laid waste the Latin territory; Liv. 3.66.5deinde, postquam ibi nēmō vindex occurrēbat, tum vērō exsultantibus bellī auctōribus ad moenia ipsa Rōmae populābundī regiōne portae Esquilīnae accessēre vāstātiōnem agrōrum per contumēliam urbī ostentantēs.then, when no defender confronted them there, then indeed, to the delight of the instigators of the war, they came ravaging right up to the walls of Rome in the region of the Esquiline gate, insultingly displaying to the city the devastation of its fields. Liv. 3.66.6Unde postquam inultī praedam prae sē agentēs retrō ad Corbiōnem agmine iēre, Quīnctius cōnsul ad contiōnem populum vocāvit.When they had marched back from there to Corbio unpunished, driving their plunder before them, the consul Quinctius called the people to an assembly.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, indirect statement ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (121 words)
quārtum (adv.)for the fourth time
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
inde (adv.)from there; then
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
forīs, adv.out of doors, without
bellum, -ī, n.war
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
sed, conj.but
immineō, -ērehang over; threaten, be close at hand
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
iam, adv.now, already
nōn, adv.not
ultrā (prep. + acc.)beyond
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
reprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressumhold back, check
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
incitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, provoke
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
pater, patris, m.father
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
semper, adv.always
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
cōntiō, -ōnis f.assembly, meeting; speech to an assembly
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
strepitus, -ūs m.noise, din
veluteven or just as, as
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
quod, conj.that, in that, because
persuādeō, -suādēre, -suāsi, -suāsuspersuade, prevail upon, induce
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
cupidus, -a, -umdesirous, eager
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
biennium, -ī n.period of two years
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
dīlēctus, -ūs m.levy, recruitment of soldiers; dīlēctum habēre: hold a levy
indīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictumproclaim, call (a meeting)
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
abnuō, -ere, -nuīrefuse, decline, reject
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus)against, opposite
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
dissolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusloosen, break up; dissolūtus: lax, negligent
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
mīlitō, -āre, -āvīserve as a soldier
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
simultās, -ātis f.rivalry, jealousy, feud
que, enclitic conj.and
cum, prep, with abl.with
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
occaecō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusblind, make blind; obscure, darken
lupus, -ī m.wolf
intestīnus, -a, -uminternal, domestic, civil
rabiēs, -ēī f.madness, fury
opprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress against, overpower, crush
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
ager, agri, m.field, land
perpopulor, -ārī, -ātus sumlay waste completely, ravage throughout
deinde, adv.then, next
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
ibi, adv.in that place, there
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
vindex, -icis m.avenger, punisher; protector
occurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun against, meet
tum, adv.then, at that time
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
exsultō, -āre, -āvīleap up; exult, revel, run riot
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
populābundus, -a, -umplundering, on a raid
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
Esquilīnus, -a, -umof the Esquiline hill; porta Esquilīna: the Esquiline gate
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
vāstātiō, -ōnis f.laying waste, devastation
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
contumēlia, -ae f.insult, outrage
urbs, urbis, f.city
ostentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshow, display; show off
unde, adv.whence
inultus, -a, -umunavenged; unpunished
prae (prep. + abl.)in comparison with; because of
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
retrō (adv.)backwards, behind, from behind
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
populus, -ī m.people, nation
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.