LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Livy › History of Rome, Book 3 › Ab Urbe Condita 3.52

Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.52

Secession to the Sacred Mount

English onlyRead it word by word

Liv. 3.52.1Per M. Duillium, quī tribūnus plēbis fuerat, certior facta plēbs contentiōnibus adsiduīs nihil trānsigī, in Sacrum montem ex Aventīnō trānsit adfirmante Duilliō nōn prius, quam dēserī urbem videant, cūram in animōs patrum dēscēnsūram;Informed through Marcus Duillius, who had been a tribune of the plebs, that nothing was being settled by the constant disputes, the plebs moves from the Aventine to the Sacred Mount, Duillius assuring them that concern would not sink into the fathers' minds until they saw the city being deserted; Liv. 3.52.2admonitūrum Sacrum montem cōnstantiae plēbis, scītūrōsque sine restitūtā potestāte tribūniciā redigī in concordiam rēsne queant.the Sacred Mount would remind them of the plebs' steadfastness, and they would learn whether affairs could be brought back to harmony without the tribunes' power being restored. Liv. 3.52.2Via Nōmentāna, cui tum Ficulēnsī nōmen fuit, profectī castra in monte Sacrō locāvēre modestiam patrum suōrum nihil violandō imitātī.Setting out by the Via Nomentana, which was then called the Ficulensis, they pitched camp on the Sacred Mount, imitating the restraint of their fathers by harming nothing. Liv. 3.52.3Secūta exercitum plēbs nūllō, quī per aetātem īre posset, retractante.The plebs followed the army, with no one who was of an age to go holding back.

Liv. 3.52.4Prōsecuntur coniugēs līberīque, cuinam sē relinquerent in eā urbe, in quā nec pudīcitia nec lībertās sāncta esset, miserābiliter rogitantēs.Their wives and children escort them, asking piteously again and again to whom they were leaving them, in a city where neither chastity nor liberty was sacred. Liv. 3.52.4Cum vāsta Rōmae omnia īnsuēta sōlitūdō fēcisset, in forō praeter paucōs seniōrum nēmō esset, vocātīs utique in senātum patribus dēsertum appāruisset forum, plūrēs iam quam Horātius ac Valerius vōciferābantur: "quid exspectābitis, patrēs cōnscrīptī?When an unaccustomed emptiness had made everything at Rome desolate, when there was no one in the Forum except a few of the older men, and, once the fathers had been called into the senate, the Forum had been seen to be deserted, more men now than Horatius and Valerius began to cry out: 'What will you wait for, conscript fathers? Liv. 3.52.6Sī decemvirī fīnem pertināciae nōn faciunt, ruere ac dēflagrāre omnia passūrī estis?If the decemvirs do not make an end of their obstinacy, will you let everything fall in ruins and go up in flames?

Liv. 3.52.6Quod autem istud imperium est, decemvirī, quod amplexī tenētis?And what is this authority of yours, decemvirs, that you embrace and cling to? Liv. 3.52.7Tēctīs ac parietibus iūra dictūrī estis?Are you going to dispense justice to roofs and walls? Liv. 3.52.7Nōn pudet līctōrum vestrōrum maiōrem prope numerum in forō cōnspicī quam togātōrum aliōrum?Are you not ashamed that almost a greater number of your lictors is seen in the Forum than of other citizens in togas? Liv. 3.52.7Quid, sī hostēs ad urbem veniant, factūrī estis?What are you going to do if enemies come to the city? Liv. 3.52.7Quid, sī plēbs mox, ubi parum sēcessiōne moveāmur, armāta veniat?What if the plebs soon come in arms, when they see that we are little moved by their secession? Liv. 3.52.8Occāsūne urbis vultis fīnīre imperium?Do you want to end your authority with the fall of the city? Liv. 3.52.8Atquī aut plēbs nōn est habenda, aut habendī sunt tribūnī plēbis.And yet either we must do without the plebs, or we must have tribunes of the plebs. Liv. 3.52.8Nōs citius caruerimus patriciīs magistrātibus quam illī plēbēīs.We would sooner do without patrician magistrates than they without plebeian ones.

Liv. 3.52.9Novam inexpertamque eam potestātem ēripuēre patribus nostrīs;That power, new and untried, they wrested from our fathers; Liv. 3.52.9nēdum hāc dulcēdine semel captī ferant dēsīderium, cum praesertim nec nōs temperēmus imperiīs, quō minus illī auxiliī egeant?"much less, now that they have once been captivated by its sweetness, will they bear the loss of it, especially when we do not restrain ourselves in our use of authority so that they have no need of help.' Liv. 3.52.10Cum haec ex omnī parte iactārentur, victī cōnsēnsū decemvirī futūrōs sē, quandō ita videātur, in potestāte patrum adfirmant.When these things were being thrown out on every side, the decemvirs, overcome by the general agreement, declare that, since it seems best, they will put themselves in the fathers' hands. Liv. 3.52.11Id modo simul ōrant ac monent, ut ipsīs ab invidiā caveātur nec suō sanguine ad supplicia patrum plēbem adsuēfaciant.They only beg and at the same time warn that they themselves should be protected from hatred, and that the fathers should not by their blood accustom the plebs to punishing patricians.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×5, gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (174 words)
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
contentiō, -ōnis f.struggle, dispute
assiduus, -a, -umconstant, unremitting
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
trānsigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctuscarry through, finish, settle
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
mōns, montis, m.mountain
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
affirmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusassert, declare firmly
nōn, adv.not
prius, adv.before, first
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
urbs, urbis, f.city
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
pater, patris, m.father
dēscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb down, descend
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
que, enclitic conj.and
sine, prep. with abl.without
restituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset up again, put back, restore
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
redigō, -ere, redēgī, redāctumbring back; reduce (to a condition)
concordia, -ae f.agreement, harmony
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
queō, -īre, -īvī (-iī)be able, can
via, -ae, f.road, way
tum, adv.then, at that time
Ficulēnsis, -eof Ficulea; via Ficulēnsis: the old name of the via Nomentana
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
modestia, -ae f.moderation, discipline, restraint
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
imitor, -ārī, -ātus sumcopy, imitate
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
aetās, -tātis, f.age
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
retractō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushandle again, touch again
prōsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow forward, follow
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
quisnam, quaenam, quidnam, interrog. pron.who, which, or what, pray? who? which? what?
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
pudīcitia, -ae f.chastity, modesty
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
miserābiliter (adv.)pitifully, piteously
rogitō, -ārekeep asking, ask eagerly
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
omnis, -eall, every
īnsuētus, -a, -um (+ gen.)unused (to), unaccustomed
sōlitūdō, -inis f.loneliness; a wilderness, desert
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
senior, -ōris m.elder; seniores: the elders (of the people)
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
utique (adv.)certainly, by all means; yes indeed
senātus, -ūs m.senate
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
iam, adv.now, already
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
vōciferor, -ārī, -ātus sumshout, cry out loudly
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
cōnscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptumenlist, enroll
sī, conj.if
decemvir, -ī m.member of a board of ten; (pl.) the decemvirs, here keepers of the Sibylline books
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
pertinācia, -ae f.stubbornness
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
dēflagrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusburn down, be destroyed by fire
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
pariēs, -etis m.wall (of a house)
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
pudet, -ēre, puduit (impers.)it shames, one is ashamed
līctor, -ōris m.lictor, an attendant carrying the rods (fascēs) before a magistrate
vester, -tra, -trumyour
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
numerus, -ī, m.number
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectusbehold, perceive, see
togātus, -a, -umwearing the toga; Gallia togata: Gaul this side of the Alps, whose people had Roman citizenship
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
mox, adv.soon
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
sēcessiō, -ōnis f.withdrawal, secession (of the plebs from Rome)
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
occāsus, -ūs, m.setting
volō, velle, voluīwish
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
atquī (conj.)and yet, but, well then
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
nōsplur. of ego
citō (adv.; comp. citius)quickly, soon; citius: more quickly, without delay
careō, -ēre, -uībe without, lack (+ abl.)
patricius, -ī m.patrician, member of the old Roman nobility
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
plēbēius, -a, -umof the common people, plebeian; common, vulgar
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
inexpertus, -a, -umuntried, not attempted; inexperienced
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
noster, -tra, -trumour
nēdum (adv.)much less, still less; not to say, much more
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dulcēdō, -inis, f.sweetness
semel (adv.)once (semel atque iterum: again and again)
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
dēsīderium, -ī, n.desire, longing
praesertim (adv.)especially
temperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum (ab + abl.)refrain (from)
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
minus, comp. adv.less
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
egeō, -ēre, eguī (+ abl. or gen.)need, lack, be in want of
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
cōnsēnsus, -ūs, m.agreement, consent
quandō (adv.)when; (after sī) ever
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
modo, adv.only
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautusbeware, take care; be on one's guard against, beware of
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
adsuēfaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusaccustom, train
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.