LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Livy › History of Rome, Book 3 › Ab Urbe Condita 3.17

Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.17

Valerius rebukes the tribunes

English onlyRead it word by word

Liv. 3.17.1Postquam arma pōnī et discēdere hominēs ab statiōnibus nūntiātum est, P. Valerius collēgā senātum retinente sē ex cūriā prōripit, inde in templum ad tribūnōs vēnit.After it was announced that arms were being laid down and men were leaving their posts, Publius Valerius, while his colleague kept the senate in session, hurries out of the senate house and from there comes to the tribunes in the sacred precinct. Liv. 3.17.2"Quid hoc reī est" inquit, "tribūnī?'What is the meaning of this,' he said, 'tribunes? Liv. 3.17.2Appī Herdōniī ductū et auspiciō rem pūblicam ēversūrī estis?Are you going to overthrow the republic under the leadership and auspices of Appius Herdonius? Liv. 3.17.2Tam fēlīx vōbīs corrumpendīs fuit, quī servitia nōn commōvit auctor?Has he, who as instigator failed to stir up the slaves, been so successful in corrupting you? Liv. 3.17.2Cum hostēs suprā caput sint, discēdī ab armīs lēgēsque ferrī placet?"When the enemy is above our heads, do you think fit to leave your arms and pass laws?' Liv. 3.17.3Inde ad multitūdinem ōrātiōne versā: "sī vōs urbis, Quirītēs, sī vestrī nūlla cūra tangit, at vōs verēminī deōs vestrōs ab hostibus captōs.Then, turning his speech to the multitude: 'If no concern for the city, Quirites, if none for yourselves touches you, then at least fear your gods, who have been captured by the enemy.

Liv. 3.17.3Iuppiter optimus maximus, Iūnō rēgīna et Minerva, aliī Diī deaeque obsidentur;Jupiter Best and Greatest, Queen Juno and Minerva, and other gods and goddesses are under siege; Liv. 3.17.3castra servōrum pūblicōs vestrōs penātēs tenent;a camp of slaves holds the household gods of your state; Liv. 3.17.4haec vōbīs fōrma sānae cīvitātis vidētur?does this seem to you the shape of a healthy state? Liv. 3.17.4Tantum hostium nōn sōlum intrā mūrōs est, sed in arce, suprā forum cūriamque;So great a host of enemies is not only within the walls but in the citadel, above the Forum and the senate house; Liv. 3.17.4comitia interim in forō sunt, senātus in cūriā est;meanwhile an assembly is being held in the Forum, the senate is in the senate house; Liv. 3.17.4velut cum ōtium superat, senātor sententiam dīcit, aliī Quirītēs suffrāgium ineunt.as when peace is abundant, the senator states his opinion, the other Quirites go to the vote. Liv. 3.17.5Nōn quidquid patrum plēbisque est, cōnsulēs, tribūnōs, deōs hominēsque omnēs armātōs opem ferre, in Capitōlium currere, līberāre ac pācāre augustissimam illam domum Iovis optimī maximī decuit?Ought not everyone, whatever there is of senators and plebs, consuls, tribunes, gods and men, to have brought help under arms, to have run to the Capitol, to have freed and restored to peace that most august house of Jupiter Best and Greatest?

Liv. 3.17.6Rōmule pater, tū mentem tuam, quā quondam arcem ab hīs iīsdem Sabīnīs aurō captam recēpistī, dā stirpī tuae;Father Romulus, give your offspring that resolve of yours by which you once recovered the citadel from these same Sabines when it had been captured with gold; Liv. 3.17.6iubē hanc ingredī viam, quam tū dux, quam tuus ingressus exercitus est!bid them enter upon this road which you as leader, which your army entered upon! Liv. 3.17.6Prīmus ēn ego cōnsul, quantum mortālis deum possum, tē ac tua vestīgia sequar."See, I as consul will be the first to follow you and your footsteps, as far as a mortal can follow a god.' Liv. 3.17.7Ultimum ōrātiōnis fuit: sē arma capere, vocāre omnēs Quirītēs ad arma.The end of his speech was that he was taking up arms and calling all the Quirites to arms. Liv. 3.17.7Sī quī inpediat, iam sē cōnsulāris imperiī, iam tribūniciae potestātis sacrātārumque lēgum oblītum, quisquis ille sit, ubicumque sit, in Capitōliō, in forō, prō hoste habitūrum.If anyone hindered him, he would, forgetting now consular authority, forgetting tribunician power and the sacred laws, treat him as an enemy, whoever he was and wherever he was, on the Capitol or in the Forum.

Liv. 3.17.7Iubērent tribūnī, quoniam in Appī Herdōnium vetārent, in P. Valerium cōnsulem sūmī arma;Let the tribunes order arms to be taken up against Publius Valerius the consul, since they forbade it against Appius Herdonius; Liv. 3.17.8ausūrum sē in tribūnīs, quod prīnceps familiae suae ausus in rēgibus esset.he would dare against tribunes what the founder of his family had dared against kings. Liv. 3.17.9Uim ultimam appārēbat futūram spectāculōque sēditiōnem Rōmānam hostibus fore.It was clear that it would come to the utmost violence, and that Roman sedition would be a spectacle for the enemy. Liv. 3.17.9Nec lēx tamen ferrī nec īre in Capitōlium cōnsul potuit.Yet neither could the law be passed nor the consul go to the Capitol. Liv. 3.17.9Nox certāmina coepta oppressit.Night smothered the struggles that had begun. Liv. 3.17.9Tribūnī cessēre noctī timentēs cōnsulum arma.The tribunes gave way to the night, fearing the consuls' arms. Liv. 3.17.10Āmōtīs inde sēditiōnis auctōribus patrēs circumīre plēbem īnserentēsque sē in circulōs sermōnēs temporī aptōs serere, admonēre, ut vidērent, in quod discrīmen rem pūblicam addūcerent: nōn inter patrēs ac plēbem certāmen esse, sed simul patrēs plēbemque, arcem urbis, templa deōrum, penātēs pūblicōs prīvātōsque hostibus dēdī.Then, with the instigators of the sedition out of the way, the senators went round among the plebs and, joining the groups, started conversations suited to the moment, warning them to see into what danger they were bringing the state: the struggle was not between senators and plebs, but senators and plebs together, the citadel of the city, the temples of the gods, the public and private household gods, were being handed over to the enemy.

Liv. 3.17.12Dum haec in forō sēdandae discordiae causā aguntur, cōnsulēs interim, nē Sabīnī nēve Vēiēns hostis movērētur, circā portās mūrōsque discesserant.While these things were being done in the Forum to calm the discord, the consuls meanwhile had gone off round the gates and the walls, in case the Sabines or the enemy from Veii should make a move.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, indirect statement ×6, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (193 words)
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
homō, hominis, m.man
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
statiō, -ōnis f.outpost, picket
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
senātus, -ūs m.senate
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
cūria, -ae f.senate house
prōripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptusdrag forth; sē prōripere: rush out, dash off
inde (adv.)from there; then
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
ductus, -ūs m.leadership, command
auspicium, -ī n.taking of the auspices (reading the will of the gods from birds); omen
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
ēvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusoverturn, overthrow, destroy
tam, adv.so
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
vōsplur. of tū
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
servitium, -ī n.slavery; (pl.) slaves
nōn, adv.not
commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove, rouse; disturb
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
caput, capitis, n.head
lēx, lēgis f.law
que, enclitic conj.and
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
sī, conj.if
urbs, urbis, f.city
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
at, conj.but
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
deus, -ī, m.god
vester, -tra, -trumyour
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
bonus, -a, -umgood
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
rēgīna, -ae, f.queen
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
dea, -ae f.goddess
obsideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessusbeset, besiege
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
sānus, -a, -umhealthy, sane (prō sānō: sensibly)
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
intrā, prep. with acc.within
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
sed, conj.but
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
comitia, -ōrum n. pl.the assembly of the Roman people for voting; elections
interim (adv.)meanwhile
veluteven or just as, as
ōtium, -ī n.leisure, rest; peace, quiet
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
suffrāgium, -ī n.vote
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
pater, patris, m.father
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
omnis, -eall, every
armātus, -a, -umarmed
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursusrun
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
pācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumsubdue, pacify
augustus, -a, -umvenerable, majestic, sacred
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
decet, decēre, decuit (impers.)it is fitting, it is proper
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
aurum, -ī, n.gold
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
stirps, stirpis f.stock, root; family, race
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
via, -ae, f.road, way
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
ēn (interj.)look! see! there!
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
quantum, adv.how much? how?
mortālis, -emortal
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
iam, adv.now, already
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
sacrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsecrate, dedicate
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
ubicumque (adv.)wherever
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
quoniam, conj.since now, since
vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitumforbid
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
rēx, rēgis, m.king
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
spectāculum, -ī n.sight, spectacle, show
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
nox, noctis, f.night
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
opprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress against, overpower, crush
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
āmoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove away
circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo around
īnserō, -ere, -seruī, -sertumput in, insert
circulus, -ī m.circle; a group of people gathered to talk
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
aptus, -a, -umfit, suited
serō, -ere, seruī, sertusjoin, link; (sermōnēs) exchange talk
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead to, bring, take; induce, influence
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
sēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussettle, calm, put down
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
Vēiēns, -entisof Veii, the Etruscan city; (m. pl.) the Veientes
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.