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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.39

Fabius advises Paulus

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Liv. 22.39.1" sī aut collēgam, id quod māllem, tuī similem, L. Aemilī, habērēs aut tū collēgae tuī essēs similis, supervacānea esset ōrātiō mea;'If you had a colleague like yourself, Lucius Aemilius, which I would prefer, or if you were like your colleague, my speech would be superfluous; Liv. 22.39.2nam et duo bonī cōnsulēs etiam mē indīcente omnia ē rē pūblicā fidēque vestrā facerētis et malī nec mea verba auribus vestrīs nec cōnsilia animīs acciperētis.for as two good consuls you would do everything in the interest of the state and of your own good faith even without my telling you, and as bad ones you would take neither my words into your ears nor my advice into your minds. Liv. 22.39.3Nunc et collēgam tuum et tē tālem virum intuentī mihi tēcum omnis ōrātiō est, quem videō nēquīquam et virum bonum et cīvem fore, sī alterā parte claudente rē pūblicā malīs cōnsiliīs idem ac bonīs iūris et potestātis erit.As it is, when I look at your colleague and at you, such a man as you are, my whole speech is with you, who I see will be a good man and a good citizen in vain, if, with the state lame on one side, bad counsels have the same right and power as good.

Liv. 22.39.4Errās enim, L. Paule, sī tibi minus certāminis cum C. Terentiō quam cum Hannibale futūrum cēnsēs;For you are mistaken, Lucius Paulus, if you think you will have less of a struggle with Gaius Terentius than with Hannibal; Liv. 22.39.4nesciō an īnfestior hic adversārius quam ille hostis maneat tē, cum tū cum illō in aciē tantum, cum hōc omnibus locīs ac temporibus sīs certātūrus, et adversus Hannibalem legiōnēsque eius tuīs equitibus ac peditibus pugnandum tibi sit, Varrō dux tuīs mīlitibus tē sit oppugnātūrus.I rather think this adversary awaits you more hostile than that enemy, since you will contend with the latter only in the battle line, with the former in every place and at every time, and against Hannibal and his legions you must fight with your own cavalry and infantry, while Varro as commander will attack you with your own soldiers. Liv. 22.39.5Ōminis etiam tibi causā absit C. Flāminī memoria.For the omen's sake, too, let the memory of Gaius Flaminius be far from you. Liv. 22.39.6Tamen ille cōnsul dēmum et in prōvinciā et ad exercitum coepit furere;Yet he began to rage only once he was consul, in his province and with the army; Liv. 22.39.6hic, priusquam peteret cōnsulātum, deinde in petendō cōnsulātū, nunc quoque cōnsul, priusquam castra videat aut hostem, īnsānit.this man has been raving since before he sought the consulship, then while seeking it, and now too as consul, before he sees the camp or the enemy.

Liv. 22.39.7Et quī tantās iam nunc procellās proelia atque aciēs iactandō inter togātōs ciet, quid inter armātam iuventūtem cēnsēs factūrum et ubi extemplō rēs verba sequitur?And one who even now stirs up such storms among men in togas by boasting of battles and battle lines, what do you think he will do among young men in arms, and where action follows words at once? Liv. 22.39.8Atquī sī, quod factūrum sē dēnūntiat, extemplō pugnāverit, aut ego rem mīlitārem, bellī hoc genus, hostem hunc ignōrō aut nōbilior alius Trasumennō locus nostrīs clādibus erit.And yet, if he fights at once, as he declares he will, either I know nothing of warfare, of this kind of war, of this enemy, or some other place will be more famous than Trasimene for our disasters. Liv. 22.39.9Nec glōriandī tempus adversus ūnum est, et ego contemnendō potius quam adpetendō glōriam modum excesserim;This is no time for boasting in front of one man, and, if anything, I have gone too far in despising glory rather than in seeking it; Liv. 22.39.9sed ita rēs sē habet: ūna ratiō bellī gerendī adversus Hannibalem est, quā ego gessī.but this is how the matter stands: there is one way of waging war against Hannibal, the way I waged it.

Liv. 22.39.10Nec ēventus modo hoc docet — stultōrum iste magister est — ;Nor is it only the outcome that teaches this — that is the teacher of fools — ; Liv. 22.39.10sed eadem ratiō, quae fuit, futūra, dōnec rēs eaedem manēbunt, inmūtābilis est.but the same reasoning that has held will hold, unchangeable, as long as circumstances remain the same. Liv. 22.39.11In Ītaliā bellum gerimus, in sēde ac solō nostrō;We are waging war in Italy, on our own home and soil; Liv. 22.39.11omnia circā plēna cīvium ac sociōrum sunt;everything around us is full of citizens and allies; Liv. 22.39.11armīs virīs equīs commeātibus iuvant iuvābuntque: id iam fideī documentum in adversīs rēbus nostrīs dedērunt;they help us and will help us with arms, men, horses and supplies: they have already given this proof of their loyalty in our adversity; Liv. 22.39.12meliōrēs prūdentiōrēs cōnstantiōrēs nōs tempus diēsque facit;time and each day make us better, wiser, steadier; Liv. 22.39.12Hannibal contrā in aliēnā, in hostīlī est terra, inter omnia inimīca īnfestaque, procul ab domō, ab patriā;Hannibal, on the other hand, is in a foreign land, an enemy land, amid everything unfriendly and hostile, far from home, from his country; Liv. 22.39.13neque illī terrā neque marī est pāx;for him there is no peace on land or sea; Liv. 22.39.13nūllae eum urbēs accipiunt, nūlla moenia;no cities receive him, no walls; Liv. 22.39.14nihil usquam suī videt;nowhere does he see anything of his own; Liv. 22.39.14in diem raptō vīvit;he lives from day to day on plunder; Liv. 22.39.14partem vix tertiam exercitūs eius habet, quem Hibērum amnem trāiēcit;he has scarcely a third of the army with which he crossed the river Ebro; Liv. 22.39.14plūrēs fame quam ferrō absūmptī, nec hīs paucīs iam victus suppeditat.more have been carried off by hunger than by the sword, and even for these few there is no longer food enough.

Liv. 22.39.15Dubitās ergō, quīn sedendō superātūrī sīmus eum, quī senēscat in diēs, nōn commeātus, nōn supplēmentum, nōn pecūniam habeat?Do you doubt, then, that by sitting still we shall overcome a man who is wasting away by the day, who has no supplies, no reinforcements, no money? Liv. 22.39.16Quam diū prō Gereoni, castellī Āpūliae inopis, tanquam prō Carthāginis moenibus sedet?How long has he been sitting before Gereonium, a poor fort in Apulia, as though before the walls of Carthage? Liv. 22.39.16Sed nē adversus tē quidem dē mē glōriābor: Servīlius atque Atīlius, proximī cōnsulēs, vidē quem ad modum eum lūdificātī sint.But not even before you will I boast of myself: see how Servilius and Atilius, the last consuls, made a fool of him. Liv. 22.39.17Haec ūna salūtis est via, L. Paule, quam difficilem īnfestamque cīvēs tibi magis quam hostēs facient.This is the one road to safety, Lucius Paulus, and your fellow citizens rather than the enemy will make it hard and dangerous for you. Liv. 22.39.18Idem enim tuī quod hostium mīlitēs volent, idem Varrō cōnsul Rōmānus quod Hannibal Poenus imperātor cupiet.For your soldiers will want the same as the enemy's, and Varro the Roman consul will desire the same as Hannibal the Carthaginian general.

Liv. 22.39.18Duōbus ducibus ūnus resistās oportet.You alone must resist two commanders. Liv. 22.39.18Resistēs autem, sī adversus fāmam rūmōrēsque hominum satis firmus steteris, sī tē neque collēgae vāna glōria neque tua falsa īnfāmia mōverit.And you will resist, if you stand firm enough against men's talk and rumours, if neither your colleague's empty glory nor your own false disrepute moves you. Liv. 22.39.19Vēritātem labōrāre nimis saepe aiunt, extinguī numquam: vānam glōriam quī sprēverit, vēram habēbit sine, timidum prō cautō, tardum prō cōnsīderātō, inbellem prō perītō bellī vocent.They say that truth is too often hard-pressed but never extinguished: whoever scorns empty glory will have true glory; let them call you timid instead of cautious, slow instead of deliberate, unwarlike instead of skilled in war. Liv. 22.39.20Mālō, tē sapiēns hostis metuat, quam stultī cīvēs laudent.I would rather a wise enemy feared you than foolish citizens praised you. Liv. 22.39.20Omnia audentem contemnet Hannibal, nihil temerē agentem metuet nec ego, ut nihil agātur, moneō, sed ut agentem tē ratiō dūcat, nōn fortūna;Hannibal will despise a man who dares everything, and fear one who does nothing rashly; nor do I advise that nothing be done, but that in action reason guide you, not fortune; Liv. 22.39.21tuae potestātis semper tū tuaque omnia sint;may you and all that is yours always be in your own power; Liv. 22.39.21armātus intentusque sīs;be armed and alert; Liv. 22.39.21neque occāsiōnī tuae dēsīs neque suam occāsiōnem hostī dēs.neither fail your own opportunity nor give the enemy his.

Liv. 22.39.21Omnia nōn properantī clāra certaque erunt;To one who does not hurry, everything will be clear and certain; Liv. 22.39.22festīnātiō inprōvida est et caeca."haste is improvident and blind.'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×8, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (268 words)
sī, conj.if
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
similis, -elike, similar (vērī similis: likely)
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
supervacāneus, -a, -umsuperfluous, unnecessary
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
nam, conj.for
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
bonus, -a, -umgood
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
omnis, -eall, every
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
que, enclitic conj.and
vester, -tra, -trumyour
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
malus, -a, -umbad
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
verbum, -ī, n.word
auris, -is, f.ear
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
nunc, adv.now
tālis, -esuch
vir, virī, m.man
intueor, -tuērī, -tuituslook upon, behold
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
nēquīquam (adv.)in vain, without reason
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
claudeō, -ērelimp, be lame; be defective, falter
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
enim, conj.for
minus, comp. adv.less
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
cum, prep, with abl.with
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
an, conj.or (in questions)
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
adversārius, -ī m.opponent, enemy
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscontend, compete, vie
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumattack, besiege
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
memoria, -ae, f.memory
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
dēmum, adv.at last
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
priusquam, conj.before than, sooner than, before
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
deinde, adv.then, next
quoque, adv.also
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
īnsāniō, -īre, -īvībe mad, be out of one's mind
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
iam, adv.now, already
procella, -ae f.storm, gale
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
togātus, -a, -umwearing the toga; Gallia togata: Gaul this side of the Alps, whose people had Roman citizenship
cieō, ciēre, cīvī, citusset in motion, stir up; pugnam ciēre: start the fight
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
extemplō, adv.immediately, straightway, at once
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
atquī (conj.)and yet, but, well then
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dēnūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumannounce, declare; warn
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
bellum, -ī, n.war
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe ignorant of
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
noster, -tra, -trumour
clādēs, -is f.disaster, defeat, destruction
glōrior, -ārī, -ātus sumboast
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
potius (adv.)rather
appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītusdraw near
glōria, -ae, f.glory
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
excēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo out or forth, depart
sed, conj.but
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
modo, adv.only
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
stultus, -a, -umfoolish, stupid
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
magister, -trī, m.master
dōnec (conj.)until; while, as long as
immūtābilis, -eunchangeable
sēdēs, -is, f.seat, abode
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
circā (adv. and prep. + acc.)around, about
plēnus, -a, -umfull
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
equus, -ī, m.horse
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
documentum, -ī n.lesson, warning, example
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
prūdēns, -entissensible, shrewd, wise
cōnstāns, -antissteadfast, firm, resolute; consistent
nōsplur. of ego
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
mare, maris, n.sea
pāx, pācis f.peace
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
urbs, urbis, f.city
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
usquam (adv.)anywhere
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
raptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdrag violently, carry off
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
tertius, -a, -umthird
amnis, -is m.river
trāiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow across, strike through, pierce
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
absūmō, -sūmere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake away, consume, destroy
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
suppeditō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussupply; passive: be supplied (with: abl.)
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
senēscō, -ere, senuīgrow old
nōn, adv.not
supplēmentum, -ī n.reinforcement, fresh troops
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
castellum, -ī n.fort, redoubt
inops, -opispoor, needy
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
lūdificor, -ārī, -ātus summake a fool of, mock
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
via, -ae, f.road, way
difficilis, -enot easy, difficult
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
volō, velle, voluīwish
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
homō, hominis, m.man
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
firmus, -a, -umstrong, steadfast
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
vānus, -a, -umempty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain
falsus, -a, -umfeigned, pretended, false
īnfāmia, -ae f.disgrace, dishonor
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
nimis (adv.)too much, too
saepe, adv.often, frequently
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
ex(s)tinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, quench; destroy
numquam, adv.never
spernō, spernere, sprēvī, sprētusdespise, scorn
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
sinō, -ere, sīvī, situsallow, permit, let
timidus, -a, -umfearful, timid
cautus, -a, -umcareful, wary, on one's guard
tardus, -a, -umslow
cōnsīderātus, -a, -umcareful, cautious, deliberate
imbellis, -eunwarlike, cowardly
perītus, -a, -um (+ gen.)skilled, experienced (in)
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
sapiēns, -entiswise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
temerē, adv.rashly
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
semper, adv.always
armātus, -a, -umarmed
intentus, -a, -umattentive, alert, watchful
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
festīnātiō, -ōnis f.haste, hurry
imprōvidus, -a, -umnot foreseeing, heedless
caecus, -a, -umblind
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.