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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXII

Ab Urbe Condita 22.32

Attrition, and a gift from Naples

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Liv. 22.32.1Cōnsulēs Atīlius Fabiānō Geminus Servīlius Minuciānō exercitū acceptō hībernāculīs mātūrē commūnītīs, quod reliquum autumnī erat, Fabī artibus cum summā inter sē concordiā bellum gessērunt.The consuls, Atilius taking over the Fabian army and Geminus Servilius the Minucian, fortified their winter quarters early, and for what remained of the autumn waged the war by Fabius' methods with the greatest harmony between themselves. Liv. 22.32.2Frūmentātum exeuntī Hannibalī dīversīs locīs opportūnī aderant carpentēs agmen pālātōsque excipientēs;When Hannibal went out foraging, they were at hand in various places at the right moment, harassing his column and picking off stragglers; Liv. 22.32.2in cāsum ūniversae dīmicātiōnis, quam omnibus artibus petēbat hostis, nōn veniēbant;they did not come to the hazard of a general engagement, which the enemy sought by every means; Liv. 22.32.3eōque inopiae est redāctus Hannibal, ut nisi cum fugae speciē abeundum eī fuisset, Galliam repetītūrus fuerit nūllā relictā spē alendī exercitūs in eīs locīs, sī īnsequentēs cōnsulēs eīsdem artibus bellum gererent.and Hannibal was reduced to such want that, had he not been bound to look as though he were fleeing if he departed, he would have gone back to Gaul, with no hope left of feeding his army in those parts if the following consuls waged war by the same methods.

Liv. 22.32.4Cum ad Gereonium iam hieme impediente cōnstitisset bellum, Neāpolītānī lēgātī Rōmam vēnēre.When the war had come to a halt at Gereonium, with winter now hindering it, envoys from Naples came to Rome. Liv. 22.32.4Ab iīs quadrāgintā paterae aureae magnī ponderis in cūriam inlātae atque ita verba facta, ut dīcerent: scīre sēsē populī Rōmānī aerārium bellō exhaurīrī, et cum iūxtā prō urbibus agrīsque sociōrum ac prō capite atque arce Ītaliae, urbe Rōmānā, atque imperiō gerātur, aequum cēnsuisse Neāpolītānōs, quod aurī sibi cum ad templōrum ōrnātum tum ad subsidium fortūnae ā maiōribus relictum foret, eō iuvāre populum Rōmānum;They brought into the senate house forty golden bowls of great weight and spoke so as to say that they knew the treasury of the Roman people was being drained by the war, and, since it was being waged alike on behalf of the cities and lands of the allies and on behalf of the head and citadel of Italy, the city of Rome, and of the empire, the Neapolitans had thought it right to help the Roman people with the gold that had been left them by their ancestors both for the adornment of their temples and as a reserve against misfortune; Liv. 22.32.7sī quam opem in sēsē crēderent, eōdem studiō fuisse oblātūrōs.if they believed there was any help in themselves, they would have offered it with the same zeal.

Liv. 22.32.7Grātum sibi patrēs Rōmānōs populumque factūrum, sī omnēs rēs Neāpolītānōrum suās dūxissent dignōsque iūdicāverint, ab quibus dōnum animō ac voluntāte eōrum, quī libentēs darent, quam rē maius ampliusque acciperent.The Roman senators and people would do them a kindness if they regarded all the possessions of the Neapolitans as their own and judged them worthy to receive from them a gift greater and more ample in the spirit and goodwill of those who gave it gladly than in its actual value. Liv. 22.32.9Lēgātīs grātiae āctae prō mūnificentiā cūrāque;The envoys were thanked for their generosity and concern; Liv. 22.32.9patera, quae ponderis minimī fuit, accepta.the bowl which was of least weight was accepted.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (125 words)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
Fabiānus, -a, -umof Fabius, under Fabius' command
Minuciānus, -a, -umof Minucius
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
hībernāculum, -ī n.winter quarters (usu. pl.)
mātūrē (adv.; superl. mātūrrimē)early, quickly
commūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumfortify strongly
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
autumnus, -ī m.autumn
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ars, artis, f.art
cum, prep, with abl.with
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
concordia, -ae f.agreement, harmony
bellum, -ī, n.war
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
frūmentor, -ārī, -ātusfetch grain, forage
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
carpō, -ere, -sī, -tuspluck
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
pālor, -ārī, -ātus sumwander, straggle
que, enclitic conj.and
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
dīmicātiō, -ōnis f.fight, struggle, combat
omnis, -eall, every
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
nōn, adv.not
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
inopia, -ae f.lack, want, scarcity
redigō, -ere, redēgī, redāctumbring back; reduce (to a condition)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nisi, conj.if not, unless
fuga, -ae, f.flight
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
spēs, speī, f.hope
alō, -ere, -uī, -tusnourish
sī, conj.if
īnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow upon or up, pursue
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
iam, adv.now, already
hiems, hiemis f.winter
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
quadrāgintā (indecl.)forty
patera, -ae f.a shallow bowl for drinking or pouring offerings
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
pondus, ponderis, n.weight
cūria, -ae f.senate house
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
verbum, -ī, n.word
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
aerārium, -ī n.treasury (the state treasury in the temple of Saturn)
exhaurio, -haurīre, -hausī, -haustusdrink up or off, drain
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
urbs, urbis, f.city
ager, agri, m.field, land
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
caput, capitis, n.head
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
aurum, -ī, n.gold
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
ōrnātus, -ūs m.decoration, adornment
tum, adv.then, at that time
subsidium, -ī, n.reserve, reinforcement, support, help
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
pater, patris, m.father
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
voluntās, -tātis, f.wish, will
libēns (lubēns), -entiswilling, glad; (as adv.) gladly
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
mūnificentia, -ae f.generosity, open-handedness
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXII. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.