| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| iuvenis, -is, m. | young man, youth |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| quaestus, -ūs m. | gain, profit |
| pecūnia, -ae, f. | money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times) |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| pater, patris, m. | father |
| relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictus | leave behind, leave |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| spēs, speī, f. | hope |
| līberālis, -e | befitting a free man; generous (with: gen.) |
| fortūna, -ae, f. | fortune |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| toga, -ae f. | toga, the Roman citizen's garment of peace |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| forum, -ī n. | market place, public square |
| placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.) | please (placuit eī: he decided) |
| prōclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | cry out, declare loudly |
| prō, prep. with abl. | before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for |
| sordidus, -a, -um | dirty; mean, base, of low status |
| homō, hominis, m. | man |
| causa, -ae, f. | cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of |
| adversum (prep. + acc.; also adversus) | against, opposite |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| fāma, -ae, f. | report, rumor |
| bonus, -a, -um | good |
| prīmum, adv. | first, in the first place |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| nōtitia, -ae f. | knowledge, acquaintance |
| populus, -ī m. | people, nation |
| deinde, adv. | then, next |
| honor, -ōris, m. | honor |
| perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come through, come, arrive, reach |
| quaestūra, -ae f. | the quaestorship |
| duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj. | two |
| aedīlitās, -ātis f. | the aedileship, the office of aedile |
| plēbēius, -a, -um | of the common people, plebeian; common, vulgar |
| curūlis, -e | curule; sella curūlis: the folding ivory chair of the higher magistrates |
| postrēmō (adv.) | finally, at last |
| praetūra, -ae f. | praetorship |
| perfungor, -ī, -fūnctus sum | go through, perform; endure to the end (+ abl.) |
| cōnsulātus, -ūs m. | consulship |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| attollō, -ere | lift up, raise |
| haud, adv. | not at all, by no means, not |
| parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē) | too little; minimē: least, not at all |
| callidē (adv.) | shrewdly, cleverly |
| aura, -ae, f. | air, breeze |
| favor, -ōris m. | goodwill, support, applause |
| populāris, -e | of the people; popular; courting the people (a 'popular' politician) |
| dictātōrius, -a, -um | of a dictator |
| invidia, -ae f. | envy, jealousy, ill will |
| petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītus | seek, ask; attack |
| scītum, -ī n. | decree; populī scītum, a decree of the people |
| plēbs, plēbis f. | the common people |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| grātia, -ae, f. | favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite |
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus | bear, bring |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| rogātiō, -ōnis f. | proposed law, bill (put to the people) |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| aequus, -a, -um | level; equal; fair |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| inīquus, -a, -um | uneven; unfair |
| praeter, prep. with acc. | before, past, by; besides, except |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| dictātor, -ōris m. | dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency |
| contumēlia, -ae f. | insult, outrage |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |
| gravitās, -ātis f. | weight, heaviness; dignity, seriousness |
| crīminor, -ārī, -ātus sum | accuse, denounce, make charges against |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| multitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | multitude |
| inimīcus, -a, -um | unfriendly, hostile |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| saeviō, -īre, -iī, -ītum | rage |
| iniūria, -ae, f. | injury, wrong, hurt, harm |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| litterae, -ārum f. pl. | letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| aequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | make equal |
| imperium, -ī, n. | command; sway, rule |
| satis, adv. | enough, sufficiently |
| fīdō, -ere, fīsus sum | trust, rely on (+ dat. or abl.); fīdēns, confident, bold |
| haudquāquam, adv. | in no wise, not at all |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| iūs, iūris, n. | right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath |
| ars, artis, f. | art |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| invictus, -a, -um | unconquered, unbeaten |
| cīvis, -is, m. and f. | citizen, fellow-citizen, subject |
| hostis, -is, m. and f. | enemy, foe |
| redeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go back, return |