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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita XXI

Ab Urbe Condita 21.50

Victory at Lilybaeum; Hiero greets Sempronius

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Liv. 21.50.1Ubi in altum ēvectī sunt Rōmānus cōnserere pugnam et ex propinquō vīrēs cōnferre velle;When they had sailed out into open water, the Roman wanted to close and match strength at close quarters; Liv. 21.50.2contrā ēlūdere Poenus et arte, nōn vī rem gerere nāviumque quam virōrum aut armōrum mālle certāmen facere.the Carthaginian, on the other hand, sought to evade him, to conduct the affair by skill, not force, and to make it a contest of ships rather than of men or arms. Liv. 21.50.3Nam ut sociīs nāvālibus adfatim īnstrūctam classem ita inopem mīlite habēbant, et, sīcubi cōnserta nāvis esset, haudquāquam pār numerus armātōrum ex eā pugnābat.For while they had a fleet amply furnished with seamen, they were short of soldiers, and wherever a ship had been grappled, a far from equal number of armed men fought from it. Liv. 21.50.4Quod ubi animadversum est, et Rōmānīs multitūdō sua auxit animum et paucitās illīs minuit.When this was noticed, their own numbers raised the spirits of the Romans, and their fewness lowered those of the enemy. Liv. 21.50.5Extemplō septem nāvēs Pūnicae circumventae, fugam cēterae cēpērunt.At once seven Punic ships were surrounded, and the rest took to flight.

Liv. 21.50.5Mīlle et septingentī fuēre in nāvibus captīs mīlitēs nautaeque, in hīs trēs nōbilēs Carthāginiēnsium.On the captured ships there were seventeen hundred soldiers and sailors, among them three Carthaginian nobles. Liv. 21.50.6Classis Rōmāna incolumis, ūnā tantum perforātā nāvī, sed eā quoque ipsā reduce, in portum rediit.The Roman fleet returned to harbour unharmed, with only one ship holed, and even that one came back safe. Liv. 21.50.7Secundum hanc pugnam nōndum gnārīs eius quī Messānae erant, Ti. Semprōnius cōnsul Messānam vēnit.After this battle, before those who were at Messana knew of it, the consul Tiberius Sempronius came to Messana. Liv. 21.50.8Eī fretum intrantī rēx Hierō classem ōrnātam armātamque obviam dūxit, trānsgressusque ex rēgiā in praetōriam nāvem grātulātus sōspitem cum exercitū et nāvibus advēnisse precātusque prosperum ac fēlīcem in Siciliam trānsitum, statum deinde īnsulae et Carthāginiēnsium cōnāta exposuit pollicitusque est, quō animō priōre bellō populum Rōmānum iuvenis adiūvisset, eō senem adiūtūrum;As he entered the strait, King Hiero led out a fleet, equipped and armed, to meet him, and crossing from the royal ship to the flagship he congratulated him on having arrived safe with his army and ships, and prayed for a prosperous and fortunate crossing into Sicily; then he set out the state of the island and the designs of the Carthaginians, and promised that with the same spirit with which he had helped the Roman people as a young man in the former war, he would help them as an old man; Liv. 21.50.10frūmentum vestīmentaque sēsē legiōnibus cōnsulis sociīsque nāvālibus grātīs praebitūrum;he would supply corn and clothing free of charge to the consul's legions and naval allies; Liv. 21.50.10grande perīculum Lilybaeō maritumīsque cīvitātibus esse, et quibusdam volentibus novās rēs fore.great danger threatened Lilybaeum and the coastal cities, and to some a revolution would be welcome.

Liv. 21.50.11Ob haec cōnsulī nihil cūnctandum vīsum, quīn Lilybaeum classe peteret.For these reasons the consul thought he should make no delay in making for Lilybaeum with his fleet. Liv. 21.50.11Et rēx rēgiaque classis ūnā profectī.The king and the royal fleet set out with him. Liv. 21.50.11Nāvigantēs inde pugnātum ad Lilybaeum fūsāsque et captās hostium nāvēs accēpēre.As they sailed, they learned that there had been a battle at Lilybaeum and that the enemy's ships had been routed and captured.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (142 words)
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
altum, -ī n.the deep, the open sea; a height
ēvehō, -ere, -vēxī, -vectuscarry out, carry away
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
cōnserō, -ere, -seruī, -sertusjoin, fasten together; manum (manūs) cōnserere: come to blows, engage
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
volō, velle, voluīwish
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
ars, artis, f.art
nōn, adv.not
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
nāvis, -is, f.ship
que, enclitic conj.and
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
vir, virī, m.man
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
nam, conj.for
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
nāvālis, -enaval, of ships
affatim (adv.)abundantly, sufficiently, in plenty
īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild in or into; draw up; equip, furnish,
classis, -is f.fleet
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
inops, -opispoor, needy
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
sīcubiif anywhere, wherever
haudquāquam, adv.in no wise, not at all
pār, parisequal
numerus, -ī, m.number
armātus, -a, -umarmed
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
animadvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn the mind to, observe
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
paucitās, -ātis f.small number, scarcity
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
minuō, -ere, minuī, minūtumlessen, reduce
extemplō, adv.immediately, straightway, at once
septemseven
Pūnicus, -a, -umPunic, Carthaginian; bella Pūnica: the wars with Carthage
circumveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventumsurround
fuga, -ae, f.flight
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
septingentī, -ae, -aseven hundred
nauta, -ae, m.sailor
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
incolumis, -eunhurt, safe
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
perforō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbore through, pierce, hole
sed, conj.but
quoque, adv.also
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
redux, -ucisreturning, brought back
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
nōndum, adv.not yet
gnārus, -a, -umknowing, acquainted with, expert (in)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
fretum, -ī, n.strait
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
rēx, rēgis, m.king
ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusequip, adorn
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
obviam, adv.in the way, opposite, face to face; obviam fierī, to meet; obviam īre, to go to meet
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
trānsgredior, -ī, -gressus sumcross over
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
praetōrius, -a, -umof the commander (praetōria cohors: bodyguard)
grātulor, -ārī, -ātus sumcongratulate
sōspes, -itissafe and sound, unharmed
cum, prep, with abl.with
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
adveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome to or toward, approach, arrive
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
prosperus, -a, -umfavourable, successful, prosperous
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
trānsitus, -ūs m.crossing, passage
status, -ūs m.condition, state
deinde, adv.then, next
īnsula, -ae, f.island
cōnātum, -ī n.attempt, undertaking
expōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput out, set forth; put on shore, land; explain
polliceor, -licērī, -licituspromise
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
bellum, -ī, n.war
populus, -ī m.people, nation
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
adiuvō, -āre, adiūvī, adiūtumhelp, assist
senex, senis, m.old man
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
vestīmentum, -ī n.garment, clothing
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
grātīs (adv.)for nothing, freely; without cause
praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold forth, supply, furnish, give; show, present, exhibit
grandis, -elarge, big
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
cūnctor, -ārī, -ātus sumdelay, hesitate
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
ūnātogether, along
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
nāvigō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussail
inde (adv.)from there; then
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita XXI. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.