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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.7

Valerius allays suspicion of kingship

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Liv. 2.7.1Ita cum pugnātum esset, tantus terror Tarquinium atque Etrūscōs incessit, ut omissā inritā rē nocte ambō exercitūs, Vēiēns Tarquiniēnsisque , suās quisque abīrent domōs.After the battle had gone this way, such terror came upon Tarquinius and the Etruscans that, giving up the attempt as fruitless, both armies, Veientine and Tarquinian, went off by night, each to their own homes. Liv. 2.7.2Adiciunt mīrācula huic pugnae: silentiō proximae noctis ex silvā Arsiā ingentem ēditam vōcem;They add marvels to this battle: that in the silence of the following night a mighty voice issued from the Arsian wood; Liv. 2.7.2Silvānī vōcem eam crēditam;that the voice was believed to be that of Silvanus; Liv. 2.7.2haec dicta: ūnō plūs Tuscōrum cecidisse in aciē;that these were its words: one more of the Etruscans had fallen in the battle; Liv. 2.7.2vincere bellō Rōmānum.the Roman was winning the war. Liv. 2.7.2Ita certē inde abiēre Rōmānī ut victōrēs, Etrūscī prō victīs.Certainly the Romans left that place as victors, the Etruscans as vanquished. Liv. 2.7.3Nam postquam inlūxit, nec quisquam hostium in cōnspectū erat, P. Valerius cōnsul spolia lēgit triumphānsque inde Rōmam rediit.For when day dawned and none of the enemy was in sight, the consul Publius Valerius gathered the spoils and returned from there in triumph to Rome.

Liv. 2.7.4Collēgae fūnus quantō tum potuit apparātū fēcit;He held his colleague's funeral with all the pomp possible at that time; Liv. 2.7.4sed multō maius mortī decus pūblica fuit maestitia, eō ante omnia īnsignis, quia mātronae annum ut parentem eum lūxērunt, quod tam ācer ultor violātae pudīcitiae fuisset.but a far greater honour to his death was the public mourning, remarkable above all because the matrons mourned him for a year as they would a father, since he had been so fierce an avenger of outraged chastity. Liv. 2.7.5Cōnsulī deinde, quī superfuerat, ut sunt mūtābilēs volgī animī, ex favōre nōn invidia modo sed suspīciō etiam cum atrōcī crīmine orta.Then towards the consul who had survived, so changeable are the feelings of the mob, there arose out of favour not only ill will but even suspicion, with a dreadful charge. Liv. 2.7.6Regnum eum adfectāre fāma ferēbat, quia nec collēgam subrogāverat in locum Brūtī et aedificābat in summā Veliā: altō atque mūnītō locō arcem inexpugnābilem fore.Rumour had it that he was aiming at kingship, because he had not had a colleague chosen in Brutus' place and was building on the top of the Velia: there, on a high and fortified site, there would be an impregnable citadel.

Liv. 2.7.7Haec dicta vulgō crēditaque cum indignitāte angerent cōnsulis animum, vocātō ad concilium populō summissīs fascibus in contiōnem ēscendit.Since these things, widely said and believed, troubled the consul's mind with their indignity, he called the people to an assembly and mounted the platform with the fasces lowered. Liv. 2.7.7Grātum id multitūdinī spectāculum fuit , submissa sibi esse imperiī īnsignia cōnfessiōnemque factam populī quam cōnsulis maiestātem vimque maiōrem esse.That sight was welcome to the crowd: that the emblems of power had been lowered to them, and an admission made that the majesty and strength of the people were greater than the consul's. Liv. 2.7.8Ibi audīre iussīs cōnsul laudāre fortūnam collēgae, quod līberātā patriā, in summō honōre, prō rē pūblicā dīmicāns, mātūrā glōriā necdum sē vertente in invidiam mortem occubuisset;There, when they had been bidden to listen, the consul praised his colleague's good fortune, because he had met his death after freeing his country, holding the highest office, fighting for the state, his glory ripe and not yet turning to ill will; Liv. 2.7.8sē superstitem glōriae suae ad crīmen atque invidiam superesse, ex līberātōre patriae ad Aquīliōs sē Vitelliōsque recīdisse.he himself, outliving his glory, survived to face accusation and ill will, and from liberator of his country had sunk to the level of the Aquilii and Vitellii.

Liv. 2.7.8"Numquamnē ergō" inquit "ūlla adeō vōbīs spectāta virtūs erit, ut suspīciōne violārī nequeat?'Will no merit, then,' he said, 'ever be so proved in your eyes that it cannot be tainted by suspicion? Liv. 2.7.9Ego mē, illum ācerrimum rēgum hostem, ipsum cupiditātis regnī crīmen subitūrum timērem?Was I to fear that I, the bitterest enemy of kings, would myself face the charge of desiring kingship? Liv. 2.7.10Ego sī in ipsā arce Capitōliōque habitārem, metuī mē crēderem posse ā cīvibus meīs?Even if I lived on the citadel itself and the Capitol, was I to believe that I could be feared by my fellow citizens? Liv. 2.7.10Tam levī mōmentō mea apud vōs fāma pendet?Does my reputation among you hang on so slight a thing? Liv. 2.7.10Adeonē est fundāta leviter fidēs, ut, ubi sim, quam quī sim, magis referat?Is your trust so lightly founded that where I am matters more than who I am? Liv. 2.7.11Nōn obstābunt P. Valerī aedēs lībertātī vestrae, Quirītēs;The house of Publius Valerius will not stand in the way of your liberty, citizens; Liv. 2.7.11tūta erit vōbīs Velia.the Velia will be safe for you.

Liv. 2.7.11Dēferam nōn in plānum modo aedēs, sed collī etiam subiciam, ut vōs suprā suspectum mē cīvem habitētis;I shall not only bring my house down onto the level ground but even place it beneath the hill, so that you may live above me, the citizen you suspect; Liv. 2.7.11in Veliā aedificent, quibus melius quam P. Valeriō crēditur lībertās."let those build on the Velia who are trusted with liberty more than Publius Valerius.' Liv. 2.7.11Dēlāta cōnfestim māteria omnis īnfrā Veliam, et, ubi nunc Vicae Potae aedēs est, domus in īnfimō clīvō aedificāta.At once all the timber was brought down below the Velia, and the house was built at the very foot of the slope, where the temple of Vica Pota now stands.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×6, indirect statement ×3, purpose clauses ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (210 words)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
irritus, -a, -uminvalid, of no effect; irritum facere: make void, cancel
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nox, noctis, f.night
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
Vēiēns, -entisof Veii, the Etruscan city; (m. pl.) the Veientes
Tarquiniēnsis, -eof Tarquinii, an Etruscan city
que, enclitic conj.and
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
mīrāculum, -ī, n.wonder, marvel, miracle
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
Arsius, -a, -umArsian; silva Arsia: a wood near Rome, site of a battle with the Tarquins
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
ēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput forth, give out, utter
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
plūs (adv.)more
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
bellum, -ī, n.war
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
inde (adv.)from there; then
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
nam, conj.for
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
illūcēscō (inlūcēscō), -ere, -lūxīgrow light, dawn
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
cōnspectus, -ūs, m.sight
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
triumphō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscelebrate a triumph; exult
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
fūnus, -eris n.funeral
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
tum, adv.then, at that time
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
apparātus, -ūs m.preparation; display, splendour
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
sed, conj.but
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
mors, mortīs, f.death
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
maestitia, -ae f.sadness, grief
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
omnis, -eall, every
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
quia (conj.)because
annus, -ī, m.year
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
lūgeō, -ēre, lūxī, lūctusmourn, grieve for
quod, conj.that, in that, because
tam, adv.so
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
ultor, -ōris m.avenger
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
pudīcitia, -ae f.chastity, modesty
deinde, adv.then, next
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
mūtābilis, -echangeable, fickle
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
nōn, adv.not
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
modo, adv.only
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
cum, prep, with abl.with
atrōx, -ōcissavage, cruel, dreadful
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
adfectō (affectō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusaim at, strive for, aspire to
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
subrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushave elected as substitute, elect in place of another
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
aedificō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake a building, build
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
inexpugnābilis, -eimpregnable, unconquerable
vulgō (adv.)everywhere, commonly
indignitās, -ātis f.humiliation, indignity
angō, -ere, ānxīchoke; (pass.) be vexed, be distressed
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
concilium, -ī n.meeting, council
populus, -ī m.people, nation
summittō (submittō), -ere, -mīsī, -missuslower, let down; send up, supply
fascis, -is m.bundle; pl. fascēs: the rods and axe carried before a magistrate
cōntiō, -ōnis f.assembly, meeting; speech to an assembly
ēscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scēnsumclimb up, go on board
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
spectāculum, -ī n.sight, spectacle, show
submittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend (as help)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
īnsigne, -is n.badge, mark, decoration
cōnfessiō, -ōnis f.confession, admission
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
maiestās, -ātis f.greatness, dignity, majesty
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
ibi, adv.in that place, there
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
honor, -ōris, m.honor
dīmicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfight
mātūrus, -a, -umripe
glōria, -ae, f.glory
necdum (adv.)and not yet, not yet
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
occumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumfall, meet (death); morte occumbere: die
superstes, -stitissurviving, outliving (dat.)
līberātor, -ōris m.liberator, deliverer
recīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut back, cut off, crop
numquam, adv.never
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
ūllus, -a, -umany
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
vōsplur. of tū
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
nequeō, -īre, -īvībe unable, cannot
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
rēx, rēgis, m.king
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
sī, conj.if
habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdwell, inhabit
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
levis, -elight, slight
mōmentum, -ī n.weight, importance; levī mōmentō: as a slight matter
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
fundō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslay the foundations of, found, establish
leviter, adv.slightly
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
vester, -tra, -trumyour
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
plānus, -a, -umflat, level
collis, -is m.hill
subiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow or place under
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
suspectus, -a, -umsuspected, mistrusted
bene, adv.well; successfully
cōnfestim (adv.)at once, immediately
māteria, -ae f.timber, material
īnfrā (adv. and prep. + acc.)below, further down
nunc, adv.now
īnfimus, -a, -umlowest (īnfimus collis: the foot of the hill)
clīvus, -ī m.slope, hillside
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.