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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.8

Publicola's laws and the Capitol temple

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Liv. 2.8.1Lātae deinde lēgēs, nōn sōlum quae regnī suspīciōne cōnsulem absolverent, sed quae adeō in contrārium verterent, ut populārem etiam facerent.Then laws were passed which not only cleared the consul of the suspicion of kingship but turned so far in the opposite direction that they even made him popular. Liv. 2.8.1Inde cognōmen factum Pūblicolae est.From this came his surname Publicola. Liv. 2.8.2Ante omnēs dē prōvocātiōne adversus magistrātūs ad populum sacrandōque cum bonīs capite eius, quī regnī occupandī cōnsilia inīsset, grātae in vulgus lēgēs fuēre.Above all, the laws on appeal to the people against the magistrates, and on consecrating the life and property of anyone who formed plans to seize the kingship, were welcome to the people. Liv. 2.8.3Quās cum sōlus pertulisset, ut sua ūnīus in hīs grātia esset, tum dēmum comitia collēgae subrogandō habuit.When he had carried these alone, so that the credit for them might be his alone, then at last he held an election to choose a colleague. Liv. 2.8.4Creātus Sp. Lucrētius cōnsul, quī magnō nātū nōn sufficientibus iam vīribus ad cōnsulāria mūnera obeunda intrā paucōs diēs moritur.Spurius Lucretius was elected consul, who, being very old and his strength no longer equal to performing the duties of a consul, dies within a few days.

Liv. 2.8.4Suffectus in Lucrētī locum M. Horātius Pulvillus.Marcus Horatius Pulvillus was chosen to replace Lucretius. Liv. 2.8.5Apud quōsdam veterēs auctōrēs nōn inveniō Lucrētium cōnsulem;In some ancient authorities I do not find Lucretius as consul; Liv. 2.8.5Brūtō statim Horātium suggerunt;they put Horatius straight after Brutus; Liv. 2.8.5crēdō, quia nūlla gesta rēs īnsignem fēcerit cōnsulātum, memoriam intercīdisse.I believe that, because no notable deed distinguished his consulship, its memory has been lost. Liv. 2.8.5Nōndum dēdicāta erat in Capitōliō Iovis aedēs.The temple of Jupiter on the Capitol had not yet been dedicated. Liv. 2.8.6Valerius Horātiusque cōnsulēs sortītī, uter dēdicāret.The consuls Valerius and Horatius drew lots to decide which of them should dedicate it. Liv. 2.8.6Horātiō sorte ēvēnit;The lot fell to Horatius; Liv. 2.8.6Pūblicola ad Veientium bellum profectus.Publicola set out for the war against the Veientes. Liv. 2.8.7Aegrius, quam dignum erat, tulēre Valerī necessāriī dēdicātiōnem tam inclitī templī Horātiō darī.Valerius' friends took it harder than was fitting that the dedication of so famous a temple should be given to Horatius. Liv. 2.8.7Id omnibus modīs inpedīre cōnātī, postquam alia frūstrā temptāta erant, postem iam tenentī cōnsulī foedum inter precātiōnem deum nūntium incutiunt mortuum eius fīlium esse, fūnestāque familiā dēdicāre eum templum nōn posse.After trying to prevent it in every way, when other attempts had failed, as the consul was already holding the doorpost during the prayer to the gods they hurl at him the dreadful news that his son was dead, and that with his family in mourning he could not dedicate the temple.

Liv. 2.8.8Nōn crēdiderit factum, an tantum animō rōboris fuerit, nec trāditur certum, nec interpretātiō est facilis;Whether he did not believe it had happened, or had such strength of mind, is neither handed down for certain nor easy to judge; Liv. 2.8.8nihil aliud ad eum nūntium ā prōpositō āversus, quam ut cadāver efferrī iubēret, tenēns postem precātiōnem peragit et dēdicat templum.turned aside from his purpose by that news only so far as to order that the body be carried out for burial, he finishes the prayer still holding the doorpost and dedicates the temple. Liv. 2.8.9Haec post exāctōs rēgēs domī mīlitiaeque gesta prīmō annō.These were the deeds done at home and in the field in the first year after the expulsion of the kings. Liv. 2.8.9Inde P. Valerius iterum T. Lucrētius cōnsulēs factī.Then Publius Valerius, for the second time, and Titus Lucretius were made consuls.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×4, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (148 words)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
deinde, adv.then, next
lēx, lēgis f.law
nōn, adv.not
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusrelease, set free; acquit (of: gen.)
sed, conj.but
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
contrārius, -a, -umopposite, facing
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
populāris, -eof the people; popular; courting the people (a 'popular' politician)
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
inde (adv.)from there; then
cognōmen, -inis n.surname, added name, nickname
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
omnis, -eall, every
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
prōvocātiō, -ōnis f.appeal (to the people against a magistrate's sentence)
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
populus, -ī m.people, nation
sacrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsecrate, dedicate
que, enclitic conj.and
cum, prep, with abl.with
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
caput, capitis, n.head
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
vulgus, -ī n.the common people, the crowd
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sōlus, -a, -umalone
perferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear through, bear, endure; weather
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
tum, adv.then, at that time
dēmum, adv.at last
comitia, -ōrum n. pl.the assembly of the Roman people for voting; elections
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
subrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushave elected as substitute, elect in place of another
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
creō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuselect, appoint
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
nātū (abl. only)by birth (maiōrēs nātū: the elders)
sufficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectusbe enough, hold out; supply
iam, adv.now, already
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
obeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to meet; attend to, carry out
intrā, prep. with acc.within
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
morior, morī, mortuusdie
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
vetus, veterisold, former
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
suggerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestusbring up, supply; prompt, remind (someone of something)
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
quia (conj.)because
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
memoria, -ae, f.memory
intercīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut through, cut apart
nōndum, adv.not yet
dēdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdedicate, consecrate
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
sortior, -īrī, -ītuscast or draw lots
uter, utra, utrumwhich? of two
sors, sortis, f.lot
ēveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome out; turn out, happen, befall
bellum, -ī, n.war
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
aegrē, adv.ill, with difficulty
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
dēdicātiō, -ōnis f.dedication, consecration
tam, adv.so
inclitus, -a, -umfamous, renowned
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
impediō, -pedīre, -pedīvī, -pedītushinder, prevent, impede
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
frūstrā, adv.in vain
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
foedus, -a, -umfoul, loathsome, hideous
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
precātiō, -ōnis f.prayer
deus, -ī, m.god
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
incutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusstrike into, inspire (fear) in (+ dat.)
mortuus, -a, -umdead
fīlius, -ī, m.son
fūnestus, -a, -umdeadly, fatal; bringing death and mourning
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
an, conj.or (in questions)
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
interpretātiō, -ōnis f.interpretation, explanation; meaning
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
prōpositum, -ī n.plan, purpose; the point being made, theme
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
cadāver, -eris, n.dead body, corpse, carcass
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
exigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumdrive out; finish, spend (a season)
rēx, rēgis, m.king
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
mīlitia, -ae f.military service
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
annus, -ī, m.year
iterum, adv.again, a second time
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.