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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.49

The Fabii march to the Cremera

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Liv. 2.49.1Mānat tōtā urbe rūmor;The rumour spreads through the whole city; Liv. 2.49.1Fabiōs ad caelum laudibus ferunt: familiam ūnam subīsse cīvitātis onus, Vēiēns bellum in prīvātam cūram, in prīvāta arma versum.they praise the Fabii to the skies: one family had taken up the burden of the state, and the war with Veii had been turned into a private concern, a matter for private arms. Liv. 2.49.1Sī sint duae rōboris eiusdem in urbe gentēs, dēposcant haec Volscōs sibi, illa Aequōs, populō Rōmānō tranquillam pācem agente omnēs fīnitimōs subigī populōs posse.If there were two clans of the same strength in the city, and one demanded the Volsci for itself, the other the Aequi, all the neighbouring peoples could be subdued while the Roman people enjoyed tranquil peace. Liv. 2.49.2Fabiī posterā diē arma capiunt;The next day the Fabii take up arms; Liv. 2.49.2quō iussī erant, conveniunt.they assemble where they had been ordered. Liv. 2.49.3Cōnsul palūdātus ēgrediēns in vestibulō gentem omnem suam īnstrūctō agmine videt;The consul, coming out in his general's cloak, sees his whole clan in the vestibule drawn up in column; Liv. 2.49.3acceptus in medium signa ferrī iubet.received into their midst, he orders the standards to advance.

Liv. 2.49.3Numquam exercitus neque minor numerō neque clārior fāmā et admīrātiōne hominum per urbem incessit: sex et trecentī mīlitēs, omnēs patriciī, omnēs ūnīus gentis, quōrum nēminem ducem spernerēs, ēgregius quibuslibet temporibus senātus, ībant, ūnīus familiae vīribus Vēientī populō pestem minitantēs.Never did an army smaller in number or more distinguished in renown and in men's admiration march through the city: three hundred and six soldiers, all patricians, all of one clan, not one of whom you would have rejected as a leader, a senate fit for any times, were on the march, threatening the Veientine people with destruction through the strength of a single family. Liv. 2.49.5Sequēbātur turba, propria alia cognātōrum sodāliumque, nihil medium, nec spem nec cūram, sed inmēnsa omnia volventium animō, alia pūblicā sollicitūdine excitāta, favōre et admīrātiōne stupēns.A crowd followed, part of it made up of their own kinsmen and friends, whose minds entertained nothing moderate, neither hope nor anxiety, but everything boundless, part roused by concern for the state, stupefied with enthusiasm and wonder. Liv. 2.49.6Īre fortēs, īre fēlīcēs iubent, inceptīs ēventūs parēs reddere;They bid them go bravely, go with good fortune, and make the outcome match the undertaking; Liv. 2.49.6cōnsulātūs inde ac triumphōs, omnia praemia ab sē, omnēs honōrēs spērāre.thereafter they might hope from them for consulships and triumphs, all rewards, all honours.

Liv. 2.49.7Praetereuntibus Capitōlium arcemque et alia templa, quidquid deōrum oculīs, quidquid animō occurrit, precantur, ut illud agmen faustum atque fēlīx mittant, sōspitēs brevī in patriam ad parentēs restituant.As they pass the Capitol and the citadel and the other temples, they pray to whatever gods meet their eyes, whatever gods come into their minds, to send that column forth with blessing and good fortune, and soon to restore them safe to their country and their parents. Liv. 2.49.8In cassum missae precēs.Those prayers were sent in vain. Liv. 2.49.8Īnfēlīcī viā, dextrō Iānō portae Carmentālis, profectī ad Cremeram flūmen perveniunt.Setting out by an ill-starred road, the right-hand arch of the Carmental gate, they arrive at the river Cremera. Liv. 2.49.8Is opportūnus vīsus locus commūniendō praesidiō.This seemed a suitable place for fortifying a stronghold. Liv. 2.49.8L. Aemilius inde et C. Servīlius cōnsulēs factī.Then Lucius Aemilius and Gaius Servilius were made consuls. Liv. 2.49.9Et dōnec nihil aliud quam in populātiōnibus rēs fuit, nōn ad praesidium modo tūtandum Fabiī satis erant, sed tōtā regiōne, quā Tuscus ager Rōmānō adiacet, sua tūta omnia, īnfesta hostium vagantēs per utrumque fīnem fēcēre.And as long as the business went no further than raiding, the Fabii were not only sufficient to protect their stronghold, but throughout the whole region where Tuscan territory borders Roman they made everything of their own safe and everything of the enemy's dangerous, roaming over both frontiers.

Liv. 2.49.10Intervallum deinde haud magnum populātiōnibus fuit, dum et Veientēs accītō ex Etrūriā exercitū praesidium Cremerae oppugnant, et Rōmānae legiōnēs ab L. Aemiliō cōnsule adductae comminus cum Etrūscīs dīmicant aciē.Then there was a brief pause in the raids, while the Veientes, having summoned an army from Etruria, attacked the stronghold on the Cremera, and the Roman legions, brought up by the consul Lucius Aemilius, fought hand to hand with the Etruscans in a pitched battle. Liv. 2.49.10Quamquam vix dērigendī aciem spatium Veientibus fuit;Though the Veientes scarcely had room to draw up their line; Liv. 2.49.11adeō inter prīmam trepidātiōnem, dum post signa ōrdinēs introeunt subsidiaque locant, invecta subitō ab latere Rōmāna equitum ala nōn pugnae modo incipiendae, sed cōnsistendī adēmit locum.so suddenly, in the first confusion, while the ranks were falling in behind the standards and placing their reserves, did a Roman cavalry wing charge in on their flank and deprive them of the chance not only to begin the battle but even to stand their ground. Liv. 2.49.12Ita fūsī retrō ad saxa rubra — ibi castra habēbant — pācem supplicēs petunt;So, routed and driven back to the Red Rocks — they had their camp there — they sue for peace as suppliants; Liv. 2.49.12cuius impetrātae ab īnsitā animīs levitāte ante dēductum Cremerā Rōmānum praesidium paenituit.and when it had been granted, through the fickleness ingrained in their minds, they repented of it before the Roman garrison had been withdrawn from the Cremera.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (218 words)
mānō, -āre, -āvīflow, trickle; spread
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
urbs, urbis, f.city
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
Fabius, -a, -umof the Fabii, Fabian; Fabium nōmen: the Fabian name or clan
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
onus, oneris n.load, weight
Vēiēns, -entisof Veii, the Etruscan city; (m. pl.) the Veientes
bellum, -ī, n.war
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
prīvātus, -a, -umprivate
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
sī, conj.if
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
dēposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand, call for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
tranquillus, -a, -umcalm
pāx, pācis f.peace
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
omnis, -eall, every
fīnitimus, -a, -umneighboring, adjoining
subigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctusbring under, subdue; force, compel
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
palūdātus, -a, -umwearing the general's cloak (palūdāmentum): in uniform, as a magistrate setting out for his province
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
vestibulum, -ī n.forecourt, entrance hall
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild in or into; draw up; equip, furnish,
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
numquam, adv.never
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
numerus, -ī, m.number
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
admīrātiō, -ōnis f.wonder, admiration
homō, hominis, m.man
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
sex (indecl.)six
trecentī, -ae, -athree hundred
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
patricius, -ī m.patrician, member of the old Roman nobility
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
spernō, spernere, sprēvī, sprētusdespise, scorn
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
quīlibet, quaelibet, quodlibetany you please, any at all
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
senātus, -ūs m.senate
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
minitor, -ārī, -ātusthreaten
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
turba, -ae f.crowd
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
cognātus, -ī m.kinsman, relative
sodālis, -is m.companion, crony
que, enclitic conj.and
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
spēs, speī, f.hope
sed, conj.but
immēnsus (inmēnsus), -a, -umimmeasurable, boundless, vast
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
sollicitūdō, -tūdinis, f.anxiety, care, apprehension
excitō, -citāre, -citāvī, -citātuscall out, arouse
favor, -ōris m.goodwill, support, applause
stupeō, -ēre, -uībe stunned, astounded, or amazed
fortis, -ebrave
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
inceptum, -ī n.beginning, attempt, undertaking
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
pār, parisequal
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
inde (adv.)from there; then
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
triumphus, -ī m.triumph, a victorious general's procession
praemium, -ī, n.reward
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
honor, -ōris, m.honor
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushope
praetereō, -īre, -iī, -ituspass by
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
deus, -ī, m.god
oculus, -ī, m.eye
occurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun against, meet
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
sōspes, -itissafe and sound, unharmed
brevis, -eshort
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
restituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset up again, put back, restore
cassus, -a, -umempty; deprived of (+ abl.); cassus lūmine: dead
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
via, -ae, f.road, way
dexter, -tra, -trumright
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
Carmentālis, -eof Carmenta; porta Carmentalis: a gate of Rome
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
flūmen, -minis, n.river
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
opportūnus, -a, -umsuitable, seasonable, convenient, opportune
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
commūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumfortify strongly
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
dōnec (conj.)until; while, as long as
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
populātiō, -ōnis f.plundering, ravaging
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nōn, adv.not
modo, adv.only
tūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumprotect, guard
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
quā, adv.in which place, where
ager, agri, m.field, land
adiaceō, -ēre, -uīlie next to, border on
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
vagor, -ārī, -ātus sumwander, roam
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
intervallum, -ī, n.interval, space, distance
deinde, adv.then, next
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
acciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussummon, send for
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumattack, besiege
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead to, bring, take; induce, influence
comminus (adv.)hand to hand, at close quarters
cum, prep, with abl.with
dīmicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfight
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
quamquam, conj.however much, although
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
dērigō, -ere, -rēxī, -rēctumset in line, draw up; direct
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
trepidātiō, -ōnis f.alarm, agitation
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
introeō, -īre, -iī, -itumgo in, enter
subsidium, -ī, n.reserve, reinforcement, support, help
locō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplace; let out a contract for (a public work)
invehō, -ere, -vēxī, -vectuscarry in; (pass.) attack (in words): invehī in + acc., to inveigh against
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
latus, lateris n.side, flank
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
ala, -ae, f.wing
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
adimō, -imere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake to oneself, take away
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
fundō, -ere, fūdī, fūsumpour; rout, scatter (an enemy)
retrō (adv.)backwards, behind, from behind
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
ruber, -bra, -brumred; mare rubrum: the Red Sea (often the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf)
ibi, adv.in that place, there
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
īnserō, -ere, -seruī, -sertumput in, insert
levitās, -ātis f.lightness; fickleness
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
paeniteō, -ēre, -uīcause regret; impersonal: it causes regret (to)
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.