LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Livy › History of Rome, Book 2 › Ab Urbe Condita 2.35

Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.35

Coriolanus tried and exiled

English onlyRead it word by word

Liv. 2.35.1Et senātuī nimis atrōx vīsa sententia est, et plēbem īra prope armāvit: fame sē iam sīcut hostēs petī, cibō vīctūque fraudārī;The proposal both seemed too harsh to the senate and nearly drove the plebs to arms in anger: they were now being attacked with hunger as if they were enemies, and cheated of food and sustenance; Liv. 2.35.1peregrīnum frūmentum, quae sōla alimenta ex īnspērātō fortūna dederit, ab ōre rapī, nisi Cn. Mārciō vinctī dēdantur tribūnī, nisi dē tergō plēbis Rōmānae satisfīat.the foreign grain, the only nourishment which fortune had unexpectedly given them, was being snatched from their mouths unless the tribunes were handed over in chains to Gnaeus Marcius, unless he took satisfaction on the backs of the Roman plebs. Liv. 2.35.1Eum sibi carnificem novum exortum, quī aut morī aut servīre iubeat.He had risen up as a new executioner for them, to order them either to die or to be slaves. Liv. 2.35.2In exeuntem ē cūriā impetus factus esset, nī peropportūnē tribūnī diem dīxissent.He would have been attacked as he came out of the senate house, had not the tribunes very opportunely named a day for his trial.

Liv. 2.35.2Ibi īra est suppressa: sē iūdicem quisque, sē dominum vītae necisque inimīcī factum vidēbat.At that their anger was checked: each saw himself made judge, made master of life and death over his enemy. Liv. 2.35.3Contemptim prīmō Mārcius audiēbat minās tribūniciās: auxiliī, nōn poenae iūs datum illī potestātī, plēbisque nōn patrum tribūnōs esse.At first Marcius heard the tribunes' threats with contempt: the right given to that office was to help, not to punish, and they were tribunes of the plebs, not of the senators. Liv. 2.35.3Sed adeō īnfēnsa erat coorta plēbs, ut ūnīus poenā dēfungendum esset patribus.But the plebs had risen in such hostility that the senators had to settle the matter by the punishment of one man. Liv. 2.35.4Restitērunt tamen adversae invidiae ūsīque sunt quā suīs quisque, quā tōtīus ōrdinis vīribus.They resisted the ill will against them, nevertheless, and used both each man's own strength and that of the whole order. Liv. 2.35.4Ac prīmō temptāta rēs est, sī dispositīs clientibus absterrendō singulōs ā coitiōnibus conciliīsque disicere rem possent.And first they tried whether, by posting their clients here and there and scaring individuals away from meetings and assemblies, they could break the business up.

Liv. 2.35.5Ūniversī deinde prōcessēre — quidquid erat patrum, reōs dīcerēs — precibus plēbem exposcentēs, ūnum sibi cīvem, ūnum senātōrem, sī innocentem absolvere nōllent, prō nocente dōnārent.Then they came forward all together — you would have said that the whole body of senators were on trial — begging the plebs with prayers that, if they would not acquit one citizen, one senator, as innocent, they would make them a gift of him as one guilty. Liv. 2.35.6Ipse cum diē dictā nōn adesset, persevērātum in īrā est.When he himself did not appear on the appointed day, they persisted in their anger. Liv. 2.35.6Damnātus absēns in Volscōs exulātum abiit minitāns patriae hostīlēsque iam tum spīritūs gerēns.Condemned in his absence, he went into exile among the Volsci, threatening his country and already then bearing an enemy's spirit. Liv. 2.35.6Venientem Volscī benignē excēpēre benigniusque in diēs colēbant, quō maior īra in suōs ēminēbat, crēbraeque nunc querellae, nunc minae percipiēbantur.The Volsci received him kindly when he came, and courted him more kindly every day, the more his anger against his own people stood out, and now complaints, now threats were frequently heard.

Liv. 2.35.6Hospitiō ūtēbātur Attī Tullī.He enjoyed the hospitality of Attius Tullius. Liv. 2.35.7Longē is tum prīnceps Volscī nōminis erat Rōmānīsque semper īnfestus.He was at that time by far the leading man of the Volscian name, and always hostile to the Romans. Liv. 2.35.7Ita cum alterum vetus odium, alterum īra recēns stimulāret, cōnsilia cōnferunt dē Rōmānō bellō.So, since old hatred spurred the one and fresh anger the other, they put their heads together about a war with Rome. Liv. 2.35.8Haud facile crēdēbant plēbem suam inpellī posse, ut totiēns īnfēlīciter temptāta arma caperent: multīs saepe bellīs, pestilentiā postrēmō āmissā iuventūte frāctōs spīritūs esse;They did not easily believe that their people could be driven to take up arms so often tried without success: their spirits had been broken by many wars, often fought, and lastly by the loss of their young men to plague; Liv. 2.35.8arte agendum in exolētō iam vetustāte odiō, ut recentī aliquā īrā exacerbārentur animī.they must act with cunning, since the hatred was now worn out by age, so that their minds might be embittered by some fresh anger.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×3, ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (185 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
senātus, -ūs m.senate
nimis (adv.)too much, too
atrōx, -ōcissavage, cruel, dreadful
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
iam, adv.now, already
sīcut (conj.)just as
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
cibus, -ī, m.food
vīctus, -ūs, m.sustenance, food
que, enclitic conj.and
fraudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscheat, defraud, rob (someone of something, + abl.)
peregrīnus, -ī, m.stranger, foreigner
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sōlus, -a, -umalone
alimentum, -ī n.food, nourishment
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
īnspērātus, -a, -umunhoped-for, unexpected
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
nisi, conj.if not, unless
vinciō, vincīre, vinxī, vinctusbind
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
tergum, -ī, n.back
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
satisfīō, -fierī, -factus sum(passive of satisfaciō) be satisfied, receive satisfaction
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
carnifex, -icis m.executioner, torturer; butcher, murderer
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
exorior, -orīrī, -ortusarise from, spring up, rise
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
morior, morī, mortuusdie
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
cūria, -ae f.senate house
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
peropportūnē (adv.)very conveniently, most timely
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
ibi, adv.in that place, there
supprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressuspress down, hold back, check
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
vīta, -ae, f.life
nex, necis f.death, killing
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
contemptim (adv.)contemptuously, scornfully
prīmō, adv.at first
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
minae, -ārum, f. plur.threats
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
nōn, adv.not
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
pater, patris, m.father
sed, conj.but
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
īnfēnsus, -a, -umhostile, angry (with: dat.)
coorior, -orīrī, -ortusarise
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
dēfungor, -fungī, -fūnctus sumfinish, be done with; dēfūnctus: dead
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
quā, adv.in which place, where
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
sī, conj.if
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
cliēns, -entis m.client, dependent
absterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten away, deter, keep off by fear
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
coitiō, -ōnis f.coming together, meeting; combination, conspiracy
concilium, -ī n.meeting, council
disiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow apart, scatter
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
deinde, adv.then, next
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
reus, -ī m.defendant, the accused
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
exposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand earnestly, call for
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
senātor, -ōris m.senator, elder
innocēns, -entisharmless; innocent
absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusrelease, set free; acquit (of: gen.)
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
nocēns, -entisguilty, criminal
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
persevērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpersist
damnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcondemn
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
exsulō (exulō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumbe an exile, live in exile
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
minitor, -ārī, -ātusthreaten
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
tum, adv.then, at that time
spīritus, -ūs m.breath; (pl.) pride, arrogance
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
benignē, adv.kindly
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ēmineō, -ēre, -uīstand out, project
crēber, -bra, -brumfrequent, numerous; close together
nunc, adv.now
querella (querēla), -ae f.complaint, lament
percipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusfeel
hospitium, -ī, n.hospitality
longē, adv.far
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
Volscus, -a, -umVolscian; (pl.) the Volsci, a people of southern Latium
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
semper, adv.always
īnfestus, -a, -umunsafe, dangerous
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
vetus, veterisold, former
odium, -ī, n.hatred
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
stimulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgoad, spur on, incite
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
bellum, -ī, n.war
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
facile, adv.easily
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
totiēns (adv.)so often, so many times
īnfēlīciter (adv.)unluckily, without success
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
saepe, adv.often, frequently
pestilentia, -ae f.plague, pestilence
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctusbreak; dash to pieces, wreck
ars, artis, f.art
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
exolētus, -a, -umgrown old, faded, worn out
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
exacerbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusprovoke, exasperate, embitter
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.