LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Livy › History of Rome, Book 2 › Ab Urbe Condita 2.34

Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.34

Famine and Coriolanus' proposal

English onlyRead it word by word

Liv. 2.34.1Cōnsulēs deinde T. Gegānius P. Minucius factī.Then Titus Geganius and Publius Minucius were made consuls. Liv. 2.34.1Eō annō, cum et forīs quiēta omnia ā bellō essent et domī sānāta discordia, aliud multō gravius malum cīvitātem invāsit, cāritās prīmum annōnae ex incultīs per sēcessiōnem plēbis agrīs, famēs deinde, quālis clausīs solet.In that year, when everything was quiet abroad from war and the discord at home had been healed, another and much graver evil fell upon the state: first a dearness of grain, because the fields had gone untilled during the secession of the plebs, and then famine, such as besieged people usually suffer. Liv. 2.34.3Ventumque ad interitum servitiōrum utique et plēbis esset, nī cōnsulēs prōvīdissent dīmissīs passim ad frūmentum coemendum nōn in Etrūriam modo dextrīs ab Ōstiā lītoribus laevōque per Volscōs marī ūsque ad Cūmās, sed in Siciliam quoque;And it would have come to the death of the slaves at any rate, and of the plebs, had the consuls not taken measures by sending men everywhere to buy up grain, not only to Etruria along the coast to the right of Ostia, and on the left by sea past the Volsci as far as Cumae, but to Sicily too; Liv. 2.34.3adeō fīnitimōrum odia longinquīs coēgerant indigēre auxiliīs.so far had the hatred of their neighbours forced them to need help from far away.

Liv. 2.34.4Frūmentum Cūmīs cum coēmptum esset, nāvēs prō bonīs Tarquiniōrum ab Aristodēmō tyrannō, quī hērēs erat, retentae sunt;When grain had been bought at Cumae, the ships were held back by the tyrant Aristodemus, who was the Tarquins' heir, in lieu of the Tarquins' property; Liv. 2.34.4in Volscīs Pōmptīnōque nē emī quidem potuit;among the Volsci and in the Pomptine country it could not even be bought; Liv. 2.34.4perīculum quoque ab impetū hominum ipsīs frūmentātōribus fuit;there was danger also to the grain-buyers themselves from attacks by the inhabitants; Liv. 2.34.5ex Tuscīs frūmentum Tiberī vēnit;from the Etruscans grain came down the Tiber; Liv. 2.34.5eō sustentāta est plēbs.by this the plebs were kept alive. Liv. 2.34.5Incommodō bellō in tam artīs commeātibus vexātī forent, nī Volscōs iam moventēs arma pestilentia ingēns invāsisset.They would have been harassed by an untimely war while supplies were so tight, had not a great plague attacked the Volsci just as they were taking up arms. Liv. 2.34.6Eā clāde conterritīs hostium animīs, ut etiam, ubi ea remīsisset, terrōre aliquō tenērentur, et Velitrīs auxēre numerum colōnōrum Rōmānī et Norbam in montīs novam colōniam, quae arx in Pōmptīnō esset, mīsērunt.Since the enemy's spirits were so terrified by this disaster that, even when it had abated, they were held by a certain dread, the Romans both increased the number of colonists at Velitrae and sent a new colony into the mountains at Norba, to be a citadel in the Pomptine country.

Liv. 2.34.6M. Minuciō deinde et A. Semprōniō cōnsulibus magna vīs frūmentī ex Siciliā advecta, agitātumque in senātū, quantī plēbī darētur.Then, in the consulship of Marcus Minucius and Aulus Sempronius, a great quantity of grain was brought from Sicily, and it was debated in the senate at what price it should be given to the plebs. Liv. 2.34.8Multī vēnisse tempus premendae plēbis putābant recuperandīque iūra, quae extorta sēcessiōne ac vī patribus essent.Many thought the time had come to put pressure on the plebs and to recover the rights which had been wrung from the senators by the secession and by force. Liv. 2.34.9In prīmīs Mārcius Coriolānus, hostis tribūniciae potestātis, "sī annōnam" inquit "veterem volunt, iūs prīstinum reddant patribus.Foremost among them Marcius Coriolanus, an enemy of the tribunes' power, said, 'If they want the old price of grain, let them give back to the senators their former rights. Liv. 2.34.9Cūr ego plēbēiōs magistrātūs, cūr Sicinium potentem videō sub iugum missus, tamquam ab latrōnibus redēmptus?Why do I see plebeian magistrates, why do I see Sicinius in power, I who have been sent under the yoke, as if ransomed from brigands?

Liv. 2.34.10Egone hās indignitātēs diūtius patiar quam necesse est?Shall I endure these indignities longer than I must? Liv. 2.34.10Tarquinium rēgem quī nōn tulerim, Sicinium feram?I, who would not put up with King Tarquin, am I to put up with Sicinius? Liv. 2.34.10Sēcēdat nunc, āvocet plēbem;Let him secede now, let him call the plebs away; Liv. 2.34.10patet via in Sacrum montem aliōsque collēs.the road lies open to the Sacred Mount and to other hills. Liv. 2.34.10Rapiant frūmenta ex agrīs nostrīs, quem ad modum tertiō annō ante rapuēre;Let them seize the grain from our fields, as they seized it two years ago; Liv. 2.34.10fruantur annōnā, quam furōre suō fēcēre.let them enjoy the scarcity which they made by their own madness. Liv. 2.34.11Audeō dīcere hōc malō domitōs ipsōs potius cultōrēs agrōrum fore, quam ut armātī per sēcessiōnem colī prohibeant."I dare to say that, tamed by this misfortune, they will themselves become tillers of the fields rather than, under arms, prevent them from being tilled by seceding.' Liv. 2.34.12Haud tam facile dictū est, faciendumne fuerit, quam potuisse arbitror fierī, ut condiciōnibus laxandī annōnam et tribūniciam potestātem et omnia invītīs iūra inposita patrēs dēmerent sibi.It is not so easy to say whether it ought to have been done as I think it could have been done, that the senators, on terms of lowering the price of grain, should rid themselves of both the tribunes' power and all the rights imposed on them against their will.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×5, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (189 words)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
deinde, adv.then, next
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
annus, -ī, m.year
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
forīs, adv.out of doors, without
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
omnis, -eall, every
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
bellum, -ī, n.war
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
sānō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusheal, make good, repair
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
cāritās, -ātis f.dearness; love, affection
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
annōna, -ae f.the year's grain supply; the price of grain
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
incultus, -a, -umuntilled, uncultivated; wild, rough
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
sēcessiō, -ōnis f.withdrawal, secession (of the plebs from Rome)
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
ager, agri, m.field, land
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
que, enclitic conj.and
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
interitus, -ūs m.destruction, death
servitium, -ī n.slavery; (pl.) slaves
utique (adv.)certainly, by all means; yes indeed
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsumforesee; provide for
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
coemō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptumbuy up
nōn, adv.not
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
modo, adv.only
dexter, -tra, -trumright
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
laevus, -a, -umleft; ad laevam (manum): on the left
mare, maris, n.sea
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
sed, conj.but
quoque, adv.also
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
fīnitimus, -a, -umneighboring, adjoining
odium, -ī, n.hatred
longinquus, -a, -umdistant, remote
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
indigeō, -ēre, -uīneed, be in want of (+ gen. or abl.); nōn indiget nisi ut: needs only to
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
nāvis, -is, f.ship
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
tyrannus, -ī m.tyrant, despot
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
hērēs (haerēs), -ēdis m.heir
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
Pōmptīnus, -a, -umof Pometia (Suessa Pometia, a Volscian town); also of the Pomptine plain
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
emō, -ere, ēmī, ēmptumbuy
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
homō, hominis, m.man
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
frūmentātor, -ōris m.forager, one who gathers corn
sustentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhold out, endure
incommodus, -a, -uminconvenient, unsuitable, troublesome
tam, adv.so
artus, -a, -umclose, tight; dense, thick
commeātus, -ūs, m.supplies, provisions
vexō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumharass, ravage
iam, adv.now, already
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
pestilentia, -ae f.plague, pestilence
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
clādēs, -is f.disaster, defeat, destruction
conterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
numerus, -ī, m.number
colōnus, -ī m.settler, colonist; farmer
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
mōns, montis, m.mountain
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
colōnia, -ae f.settlement, colony
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
advehō, -ere, -vēxī, -vectuscarry to; (pass.) sail to, arrive
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
senātus, -ūs m.senate
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
recuperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrecover
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
extorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortuswrench away, extort
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
pater, patris, m.father
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
sī, conj.if
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
vetus, veterisold, former
volō, velle, voluīwish
prīstinus, -a, -umformer
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
cūr, adv.why
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
plēbēius, -a, -umof the common people, plebeian; common, vulgar
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
potēns, -entispowerful
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
latrō, -ōnis, m.robber
redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptumbuy up; buy back
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
indignitās, -ātis f.humiliation, indignity
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
necesse, indecl. adj.necessary
rēx, rēgis, m.king
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw
nunc, adv.now
āvocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall away, divert
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
via, -ae, f.road, way
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
collis, -is m.hill
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
noster, -tra, -trumour
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
tertius, -a, -umthird
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
fruor, -ī, frūctus sum (+ abl.)enjoy
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
domō, -āre, -uī, -itustame, subdue, master
potius (adv.)rather
cultor, -ōris m.worshipper; tiller, cultivator
armātus, -a, -umarmed
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
facile, adv.easily
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
laxō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumloosen, open out
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.