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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.25

Victory over the Volsci

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Liv. 2.25.1Proximā inde nocte Volscī discordiā Rōmānā frētī, sī qua nocturna trānsitiō prōditiōve fierī posset, temptant castra.Then on the following night the Volsci, relying on Roman discord, make an attempt on the camp, in case any desertion or betrayal could be brought about by night. Liv. 2.25.1Sēnsēre vigilēs, excitātus exercitus, signō datō concursum est ad arma;The sentries noticed, the army was roused, the signal was given and they ran to arms; Liv. 2.25.2ita frūstrā id inceptum Volscīs fuit;so that attempt came to nothing for the Volsci; Liv. 2.25.2relicum noctis utrimque quiētī datum.the rest of the night was given to rest on both sides. Liv. 2.25.2Posterō diē prīmā lūce Volscī fossīs replētīs vallum invādunt.The next day at first light the Volsci filled in the ditches and attacked the rampart. Liv. 2.25.3Iamque ab omnī parte mūnīmenta vellēbantur, cum cōnsul, quamquam cūnctī undique, et nexī ante omnēs, ut signum daret, clāmābant, experiendī animōs mīlitum causā parumper morātus, postquam satis appārēbat ingēns ardor, datō tandem ad ērumpendum signō mīlitem avidum certāminis ēmittit.And already the fortifications were being torn down on every side, when the consul, although everyone everywhere, and the bondsmen above all, were shouting for him to give the signal, waited a little to test the soldiers' spirit, and when their great ardour was plain enough, at last gave the signal for a sortie and sends out his men, eager for the fight.

Liv. 2.25.4Prīmō statim incursū pulsī hostēs;At the very first charge the enemy were routed; Liv. 2.25.4fugientibus, quoad īnsequī pedēs potuit, terga caesa;as they fled, they were cut down from behind as far as the infantry could pursue; Liv. 2.25.4eques ūsque ad castra pavidōs ēgit.the cavalry drove them in panic right up to their camp. Liv. 2.25.4Mox ipsa castra legiōnibus circumdatīs, cum Volscōs inde etiam pavor expulisset, capta dīreptaque.Soon the camp itself was surrounded by the legions and, since panic had driven the Volsci out even from there, was taken and plundered. Liv. 2.25.5Posterō diē ad Suessam Pōmētiam, quō cōnfūgerant hostēs, legiōnibus ductīs, intrā paucōs diēs oppidum capitur, captum praedae datum.The next day the legions were led to Suessa Pometia, where the enemy had fled, and within a few days the town is taken and, once taken, given over to plunder. Liv. 2.25.6Inde paulum recreātus egēns mīles.By this the needy soldiers were somewhat relieved. Liv. 2.25.6Cōnsul cum maximā glōriā suā victōrem exercitum Rōmam redūcit.The consul leads his victorious army back to Rome with the greatest glory for himself.

Liv. 2.25.6Dēcēdentem Rōmam Ecetrānōrum Volscōrum lēgātī, rēbus suīs timentēs post Pōmētiam captam, adeunt.As he was leaving for Rome, envoys of the Ecetran Volsci, fearing for their own position after the capture of Pometia, approach him. Liv. 2.25.6Hīs ex senātūs cōnsultō data pāx, ager adēmptus.By decree of the senate they were granted peace, but their land was taken from them.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×5, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (126 words)
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
inde (adv.)from there; then
nox, noctis, f.night
discordia, -ae f.disagreement, discord, strife
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
frētus, -a, -um (+ abl.)relying on
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
nocturnus, -a, -umof night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time
trānsitiō, -ōnis f.going over (to the enemy), desertion
prōditiō, -ōnis f.treachery, betrayal
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
vigil, -is m.watchman, sentry
excitō, -citāre, -citāvī, -citātuscall out, arouse
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
concurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun, rush, or dash together
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
frūstrā, adv.in vain
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
utrimque, adv.on either side or both sides
quiēs, quiētis, f.rest, repose
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
lūx, lūcis, f.light
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
repleō, -plēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill again or up, fill
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
iam, adv.now, already
que, enclitic conj.and
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
omnis, -eall, every
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
mūnīmentum, -ī n.defence, barrier
vellō, -ere, vellī, vulsumpluck, pull
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
quamquam, conj.however much, although
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
undique, adv.from or on all sides
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nectō, -ere, nexuī, nexustie, bind; contrive (a plot)
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout, cry out; proclaim
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
parumper (adv.)for a short while
moror, -ārī, -ātusdelay, linger, stay
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
ardor, -ōris m.blaze, fire, glow; ardor caelī: a light in the sky
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
ēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend out or forth
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
incursus, -ūs m.attack, onrush
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
quoad (conj.)as long as; until
īnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow upon or up, pursue
pēs, pedis, m.foot
tergum, -ī, n.back
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
pavidus, -a, -umfrightened
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
mox, adv.soon
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datusput around, surround
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
pavor, -ōris, m.terror, panic
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
cōnfugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee for refuge
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
intrā, prep. with acc.within
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
oppidum, -ī, n.town
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
recreō, -creāre, -creāvī, -creātusmake anew, renew, refresh
egeō, -ēre, eguī (+ abl. or gen.)need, lack, be in want of
cum, prep, with abl.with
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
glōria, -ae, f.glory
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
redūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring back; restore
dēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo away, depart
Ecetrānus, -a, -umof Ecetra, a Volscian town
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
senātus, -ūs m.senate
cōnsultum, -ī n.decree (senātūs cōnsultum: a decree of the Senate)
pāx, pācis f.peace
ager, agri, m.field, land
adimō, -imere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake to oneself, take away
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.