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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.21

Uncertain dates and Tarquinius' death

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Liv. 2.21.1Trienniō deinde nec certa pāx nec bellum fuit.For three years after that there was neither secure peace nor war. Liv. 2.21.1Cōnsulēs Q. Cloelius et T. Larcius, inde A. Semprōnius et M. Minucius.The consuls were Quintus Cloelius and Titus Larcius, then Aulus Sempronius and Marcus Minucius. Liv. 2.21.1Hīs cōnsulibus aedis Sāturnō dēdicāta, Sāturnālia īnstitūtus fēstus diēs.In their consulship a temple was dedicated to Saturn and the Saturnalia established as a holiday. Liv. 2.21.2Ā. deinde Postumius et T. Verginius cōnsulēs factī.Then Aulus Postumius and Titus Verginius were made consuls. Liv. 2.21.3Hōc dēmum annō ad Rēgillum lacum pugnātum apud quōsdam inveniō: A. Postumium, quia collēga dubiae fideī fuerit, sē cōnsulātū abdicāsse;In some writers I find that the battle at Lake Regillus was fought only in this year: that Aulus Postumius, because his colleague's loyalty was doubtful, resigned the consulship; Liv. 2.21.3dictātōrem inde factum.and that he was then made dictator. Liv. 2.21.4Tantī errōrēs inplicant temporum ratiōnem aliter apud aliōs ōrdinātīs magistrātibus, ut nec quī cōnsulēs secundum quōs, nec quid quōque annō āctum sit, in tantā vetustāte nōn rērum modo sed etiam auctōrum dīgerere possīs.Such great errors confuse the chronology, since the magistrates are listed in a different order by different writers, that you cannot settle which consuls came after which, or what was done in each year, at so great a distance in time not only from the events but also from the authorities.

Liv. 2.21.4Ap. Claudius deinde et P. Servīlius cōnsulēs factī.Then Appius Claudius and Publius Servilius were made consuls. Liv. 2.21.5Īnsignis hic annus est nūntiō Tarquiniī mortis.This year is notable for the news of Tarquinius' death. Liv. 2.21.5Mortuus Cūmīs, quō sē post frāctās opēs Latīnōrum ad Aristodēmum tyrannum contulerat.He died at Cumae, where he had betaken himself to the tyrant Aristodemus after the power of the Latins was broken. Liv. 2.21.5Eō nūntiō ērēctī patrēs, ērēcta plēbēs.At this news the senators were elated, and the plebs elated too. Liv. 2.21.6Sed patribus nimis luxuriōsa ea fuit laetitia;But among the senators that joy was too unrestrained; Liv. 2.21.6plēbī, cui ad eam diem summā ope īnservītum erat, iniūriae ā prīmōribus fierī coepēre.the plebs, who until that day had been courted with the greatest care, began to suffer wrongs from the leading men. Liv. 2.21.7Eōdem annō Signia colōnia, quam rēx Tarquinius dēdūxerat, supplētō numerō colōnōrum iterum dēducta est.In the same year the colony of Signia, which King Tarquinius had founded, was founded a second time, its number of colonists being made up. Liv. 2.21.7Rōmae tribūs ūna et uīgintī factae.At Rome twenty-one tribes were formed.

Liv. 2.21.7Aedēs Mercurī dēdicāta est Īdibus Māiīs.The temple of Mercury was dedicated on the Ides of May.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (97 words)
triennium, -ī n.a period of three years
deinde, adv.then, next
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
pāx, pācis f.peace
bellum, -ī, n.war
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
inde (adv.)from there; then
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
dēdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdedicate, consecrate
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
fēstus, -a, -umof a holiday, festive; diēs fēstus, feast day
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
dēmum, adv.at last
annus, -ī, m.year
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
quia (conj.)because
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
dubius, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
abdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrenounce; sē abdicāre (+ abl.): resign (an office)
dictātor, -ōris m.dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
error, -ōris m.wandering; mistake, error
implicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentangle, entwine; involve
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ōrdinō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset in order, arrange in rows
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
nōn, adv.not
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
modo, adv.only
sed, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
dīgerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestusdistribute, arrange; interpret
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
mors, mortīs, f.death
morior, morī, mortuusdie
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctusbreak; dash to pieces, wreck
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
tyrannus, -ī m.tyrant, despot
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
pater, patris, m.father
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
nimis (adv.)too much, too
luxuriōsus, -a, -umextravagant, given to luxury; as noun, a spendthrift
laetitia, -ae, f.joy
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
īnserviō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum (+ dat.)serve, attend to; devote oneself to
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
prīmōrēs, -um m. pl.the leading men, the front rank
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
colōnia, -ae f.settlement, colony
rēx, rēgis, m.king
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
suppleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill up, make full
numerus, -ī, m.number
colōnus, -ī m.settler, colonist; farmer
iterum, adv.again, a second time
tribus, -ūs f.tribe, one of the divisions of the Roman people
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
vīgintī, indecl. adj.twenty
Īdūs, -uum f. pl.the Ides (13th or 15th of the month)
Maius, -a, -umof May; Īdūs Māiae: the Ides of May
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.