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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita II

Ab Urbe Condita 2.22

The Volsci, the Latins and the captives

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Liv. 2.22.1Cum Volscōrum gente Latīnō bellō neque pāx neque bellum fuerat;With the Volscian nation, during the Latin war, there had been neither peace nor war; Liv. 2.22.1nam et Volscī conparāverant auxilia, quae mitterent Latīnīs, nī mātūrātum ab dictātōre Rōmānō esset, et mātūrāvit Rōmānus, nē proeliō ūnō cum Latīnō Volscōque contenderet.for the Volsci had got auxiliaries ready to send to the Latins, had the Roman dictator not made haste, and the Roman had made haste so as not to fight the Latin and the Volscian in one battle. Liv. 2.22.2Hāc īrā cōnsulēs in Volscum agrum legiōnēs dūxēre.Angry at this, the consuls led the legions into Volscian territory. Liv. 2.22.2Volscōs cōnsiliī poenam nōn metuentēs necopīnāta rēs perculit;The Volsci, who did not fear punishment for their intentions, were stunned by the unexpected stroke; Liv. 2.22.2armōrum inmemorēs obsidēs dant trecentōs prīncipum ā Corā atque Pōmētiā līberōs: ita sine certāmine inde abductae legiōnēs.forgetting their arms, they give as hostages three hundred children of their leading men from Cora and Pometia: so the legions were led away from there without a fight. Liv. 2.22.3Nec ita multō post Volscīs levātīs metū suum rediit ingenium;Not very long afterwards, when the Volsci were relieved of fear, their old nature returned; Liv. 2.22.3rūrsus occultum parant bellum Hernicīs in societātem armōrum adsūmptīs.again they prepare war in secret, taking the Hernici into an armed alliance.

Liv. 2.22.4Lēgātōs quoque ad sollicitandum Latium passim dīmittunt;They also send envoys in all directions to stir up Latium; Liv. 2.22.4sed recēns ad Rēgillum lacum accepta clādis Latīnōs īrā odiōque eius, quīcumque arma suādēret, nē ab lēgātīs quidem violandīs abstinuit: conprehēnsōs Volscōs Rōmam dūxēre.but the disaster lately suffered at Lake Regillus did not keep the Latins, in their anger and hatred towards anyone who urged them to arms, even from laying hands on envoys: they seized the Volsci and brought them to Rome. Liv. 2.22.4Ibi trāditī cōnsulibus, indicātumque est Volscōs Hernicōsque parāre bellum Rōmānīs.There they were handed over to the consuls, and it was revealed that the Volsci and Hernici were preparing war on the Romans. Liv. 2.22.5Relātā rē ad senātum adeō fuit grātum patribus, ut et captīvōrum sex mīlia Latīnīs remitterent et dē foedere, quod prope in perpetuum negātum fuerat, rem ad novōs magistrātūs rēicerent.When the matter was referred to the senate, it was so welcome to the senators that they both sent back six thousand captives to the Latins and referred the question of a treaty, which had been refused almost for good, to the new magistrates.

Liv. 2.22.5Enimvērō tum Latīnī gaudēre factō;Then indeed the Latins rejoiced at what had been done; Liv. 2.22.6pācis auctōrēs in ingentī glōriā esse.the advocates of peace were held in great glory. Liv. 2.22.6Corōnam auream Iovī dōnum in Capitōlium mittunt.They send a golden crown to the Capitol as a gift for Jupiter. Liv. 2.22.6Cum lēgātīs dōnōque, quī captīvōrum remissī ad suōs fuerant, magna circumfūsa multitūdō vēnit.With the envoys and the gift came a great crowd of those captives who had been sent back to their families, thronging round them. Liv. 2.22.7Pergunt domōs eōrum, apud quem quisque servierant;They go to the houses of the men with whom each of them had been a slave; Liv. 2.22.7grātiās agunt līberāliter habitī cultīque in calamitāte suā;they give thanks for having been treated generously and kindly in their misfortune; Liv. 2.22.7inde hospitia iungunt.then they form ties of hospitality. Liv. 2.22.7Numquam aliās ante pūblicē prīvātimque Latīnum nōmen Rōmānō imperiō coniūnctius fuit.Never at any time before had the Latin name been more closely joined to the Roman state, both publicly and privately.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×1, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (138 words)
cum, prep, with abl.with
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
Latīnus, -a, -umLatin
bellum, -ī, n.war
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
pāx, pācis f.peace
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nam, conj.for
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
mātūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusripen; hasten
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
dictātor, -ōris m.dictator, a magistrate given supreme power in an emergency
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
Volscus, -a, -umVolscian; (pl.) the Volsci, a people of southern Latium
que, enclitic conj.and
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ager, agri, m.field, land
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
nōn, adv.not
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
necopīnātus, -a, -umunexpected
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
percellō, -ere, -culī, -culsusstrike down; dismay, crush
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
immemor (inm-), -orisforgetful, unmindful
obses, obsidis m./f.hostage
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
trecentī, -ae, -athree hundred
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
sine, prep. with abl.without
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
inde (adv.)from there; then
abdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or take away
multō, adv.by much or far, much, far
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift; lighten, relieve
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
rūrsus, adv.again
occultus, -a, -umhidden, secret
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
societās, -ātis f.alliance, partnership
assūmō, -ere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake up, receive; take to oneself
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
quoque, adv.also
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, tempt
passim (adv.)here and there, in all directions
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
sed, conj.but
recēns, -entisrecent, fresh
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
clādēs, -is f.disaster, defeat, destruction
odium, -ī, n.hatred
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
abstineō, -ēre, abstinuī, abstentumkeep away, hold back (from)
comprehendō, -prehendere, -prehendī, -prehēnsusseize, catch
ibi, adv.in that place, there
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
senātus, -ūs m.senate
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
pater, patris, m.father
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
captīvus, -a, -umcaptive
sex (indecl.)six
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
foedus, -eris n.treaty, alliance
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
perpetuus, -a, -umcontinuous, perpetual; in perpetuum, for all time, forever
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
rēiciō, -ere, rēiēcī, rēiectumthrow back, drive back
enimvērō (adv.)indeed, to be sure, truly
tum, adv.then, at that time
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
factum, -ī n.deed, act
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
glōria, -ae, f.glory
corōna, -ae f.crown, wreath (sub corōnā vēndere: sell as slaves)
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
circumfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour around; (passive) crowd around, surround
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
pergō, -ere, perrēxī, perrēctumgo on, press on
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
līberāliter (adv.)generously, kindly
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
calamitās, -tātis, f.misfortune, calamity, disaster
hospitium, -ī, n.hospitality
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
numquam, adv.never
aliās (adv.)at another time (aliās … aliās: sometimes … sometimes)
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
pūblicē (adv.)officially, as a state
prīvātim (adv.)privately, as individuals
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
coniūnctus, -a, -umjoined, connected; closely attached, intimate (coniūnctissimus: very close)
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita II. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.