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Cicero · Pro Roscio Amerino

Pro Roscio 51

Caecilia and Messala stand by Roscius

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Rosc. Am. 51.1An, quod dīligenter dēfenditur, id tibi indignum facinus vidētur?Or does it seem a shameful crime to you that he is diligently defended? Rosc. Am. 51.1Mihi crēde, sī prō patris huius hospitiīs et grātiā vellent omnēs huic hospitēs adesse et audērent līberē dēfendere, satis cōpiōsē dēfenderētur;Believe me, if, in keeping with the ties of hospitality and the influence of this man's father, all his guest-friends were willing to stand by him and dared to defend him freely, he would be defended abundantly enough; Rosc. Am. 51.1sīn autem prō magnitūdine iniūriae prōque eō quod summa rēs pūblica in huius perīculō temptātur haec omnēs vindicārent, cōnsistere mē herculē vōbīs istō in locō nōn licēret.but if all of them were avenging these wrongs in proportion to the size of the injury and to the fact that the highest interests of the commonwealth are being assailed in this man's danger, then, by Hercules, you would not be allowed to stand in that place. Rosc. Am. 51.1Nunc ita dēfenditur, nōn sānē ut molestē ferre adversāriī dēbeant neque ut sē potentiā superārī putent.As it is, he is defended in such a way that his opponents certainly ought not to be aggrieved, nor think that they are being overcome by power.

Rosc. Am. 51.149Quae domī gerenda sunt, ea per Caeciliam trānsiguntur, forī iūdicīque ratiōnem M. Messāla, ut vidētis, iūdicēs, suscēpit;What must be managed at home is handled through Caecilia; the conduct of the case in the forum and in court, as you see, judges, Marcus Messala has undertaken; Rosc. Am. 51.149quī, sī iam satis aetātis ac rōboris habēret, ipse prō Sex. Rosciō dīceret.who, if he now had enough years and strength, would himself be speaking for Sextus Roscius. Rosc. Am. 51.149Quoniam ad dīcendum impedīmentō est aetās et pudor quī ōrnat aetātem causam mihi trādidit quem suā causā cupere ac dēbēre intellegēbat, ipse adsiduitāte, cōnsiliō, auctōritāte, dīligentiā perfēcit ut Sex. Roscī vīta ērepta dē manibus sectōrum sententiīs iūdicum permitterētur.Since his age and the modesty which graces his age are a hindrance to his speaking, he has handed the case to me, whom he knew to be eager and bound to take it for his sake, and he himself, by his constant attendance, counsel, influence and diligence, has brought it about that the life of Sextus Roscius, snatched from the hands of the buyers of confiscated goods, has been entrusted to the votes of the judges.

Rosc. Am. 51.149Nīmīrum, iūdicēs, prō hāc nōbilitāte pars maxima cīvitātis in armīs fuit;Of course, judges, it was for this nobility that the greatest part of the citizen body was in arms; Rosc. Am. 51.149haec ācta rēs est ut eī nōbilēs restituerentur in cīvitātem quī hoc facerent quod facere Messālam vidētis, quī caput innocentis dēfenderent, quī iniūriae resisterent, quī quantum possent in salūte alterīus quam in exitiō māllent ostendere;the aim of that struggle was that those nobles should be restored to the state who would do what you see Messala doing, who would defend the life of an innocent man, who would resist injustice, who would rather show how much power they had in another's safety than in his ruin; Rosc. Am. 51.149quod sī omnēs quī eōdem locō nātī sunt facerent, et rēs pūblica ex illīs et ipsī ex invidiā minus labōrārent.and if all who were born in the same rank did this, both the commonwealth would suffer less from them and they themselves less from ill will.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (127 words)
an, conj.or (in questions)
quod, conj.that, in that, because
dīligenter, adv.carefully, diligently
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
indignus, -a, -umunworthy; shameful
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
sī, conj.if
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
pater, patris, m.father
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
hospitium, -ī, n.hospitality
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
volō, velle, voluīwish
omnis, -eall, every
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
līberē (adv.; comp. līberius)freely, frankly
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
cōpiōsē (adv.)fully, at length, abundantly; eloquently
sīn (conj.)but if
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
que, enclitic conj.and
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
vindicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpunish; claim
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
hercle (interj.)by Hercules!, indeed
vōsplur. of tū
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
nōn, adv.not
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
nunc, adv.now
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
sānē, adv.certainly, by all means; very
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
molestē (adv.)with annoyance (molestē ferre: be annoyed at)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
adversārius, -ī m.opponent, enemy
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
potentia, -ae f.power, influence
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
trānsigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctuscarry through, finish, settle
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
iam, adv.now, already
aetās, -tātis, f.age
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quoniam, conj.since now, since
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
impedīmentum, -ī n.hindrance; (pl.) baggage
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusequip, adorn
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
assiduitās (adsiduitās), -ātis f.persistence, constant attendance; continual repetition
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
dīligentia, -ae, f.care, diligence, industry
perficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusdo or make through, accomplish
vīta, -ae, f.life
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
manus, -ūs, f.hand
sector, -ōris m.buyer of confiscated property at auction, speculator in such goods
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
permittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumallow, permit; entrust
nīmīrum (adv.)of course, no doubt, evidently (often ironic)
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
restituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset up again, put back, restore
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
caput, capitis, n.head
innocēns, -entisharmless; innocent
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
quantum, adv.how much? how?
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
exitium, -ī n.destruction, ruin
mālō, mālle, māluīwish rather, prefer
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
minus, comp. adv.less
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.