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Cicero · Pro Roscio Amerino

Pro Roscio 23

The case of Titus Caelius

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Rosc. Am. 23.1Nōn ita multīs ante annīs aiunt T. Caelium quendam Terracīnēnsem, hominem nōn obscūrum, cum cēnātus cubitum in idem conclāve cum duōbus adulēscentibus fīliīs īsset, inventum esse māne iugulātum.Not so very many years ago, they say, a certain Titus Caelius of Tarracina, a man of some note, after he had dined and gone to bed in the same room as his two young sons, was found in the morning with his throat cut. Rosc. Am. 23.1Cum neque servus quisquam reperīrētur neque līber ad quem ea suspīciō pertinēret, id aetātis autem duo fīliī propter cubantēs nē sēnsisse quidem sē dīcerent, nōmina fīliōrum dē parricīdiō dēlāta sunt.Since no one could be found, either slave or free, to whom suspicion could attach, while the two sons, at that age and sleeping close by, said they had not even noticed anything, the sons were indicted for parricide. Rosc. Am. 23.1Quid poterat tam esse suspīciōsum?What could be so suspicious? Rosc. Am. 23.1neutrumne sēnsisse?that neither of them had noticed? Rosc. Am. 23.1ausum autem esse quemquam sē in id conclāve committere eō potissimum tempore cum ibīdem essent duo adulēscentēs fīliī quī et sentīre et dēfendere facile possent?and that anyone had dared to venture into that room at precisely the time when the two young sons were there, who could easily both notice and defend him?

Rosc. Am. 23.1Erat porrō nēmō in quem ea suspīciō convenīret.Moreover there was no one on whom that suspicion could fall. Rosc. Am. 23.65Tamen, cum plānum iūdicibus esset factum apertō ōstiō dormientīs eōs repertōs esse, iūdiciō absolūtī adulēscentēs et suspīciōne omnī līberātī sunt.Yet, when it had been made plain to the judges that they had been found asleep with the door open, the young men were acquitted at the trial and freed from all suspicion. Rosc. Am. 23.65Nēmō enim putābat quemquam esse quī, cum omnia dīvīna atque hūmāna iūra scelere nefāriō polluisset, somnum statim capere potuisset, proptereā quod quī tantum facinus commīsērunt nōn modo sine cūrā quiēscere sed nē spīrāre quidem sine metū possunt.For no one thought there could be anyone who, after polluting all divine and human laws by an unholy crime, could at once fall asleep, because those who have committed so great a deed not only cannot rest without anxiety but cannot even breathe without fear.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (97 words)
nōn, adv.not
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
annus, -ī, m.year
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
Tarracīnēnsis, -eof Tarracina (Terracina), a town on the coast south of Rome
homō, hominis, m.man
obscūrus, -a, -umdark
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
cēnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdine
cubō, -āre, -uīlie down, lie, recline
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
conclāve, -is n.room, chamber
cum, prep, with abl.with
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
fīlius, -ī, m.son
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
māne, adv.in the morning, early in the morning
iugulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscut the throat of, murder
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
līber, lībera, līberumfree
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
aetās, -tātis, f.age
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
parricīdium, -ī n.murder of a parent; treason, murderous attack on one's country
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
tam, adv.so
suspīciōsus, -a, -umsuspicious, distrustful; arousing suspicion
neuter, neutra, neutrumneither
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle
potissimum (adv.)above all, in preference to all others
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
ibīdem (adv.)in the same place, just there
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
facile, adv.easily
porrō (adv.)further on; moreover
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
plānus, -a, -umflat, level
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
apertus, -a, -umopen
ōstium, -ī, n.mouth, doorway, door
dormiō, -īre, -īvīsleep
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
absolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusrelease, set free; acquit (of: gen.)
omnis, -eall, every
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
enim, conj.for
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
polluō, -ere, -uī, -ūtussoil, defile, desecrate
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
proptereāfor this reason; proptereā quod: because
quod, conj.that, in that, because
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
modo, adv.only
sine, prep. with abl.without
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
quiēscō, -ere, quiēvī, quiētusrest, keep quiet
sed, conj.but
spīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbreathe; (of wind) blow
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.