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Cicero · Pro Roscio Amerino

Pro Roscio 16

Fathers, sons and the comic stage

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Rosc. Am. 16.1At enim, cum duōs fīliōs habēret, alterum ā sē nōn dīmittēbat, alterum rūrī esse patiēbātur.But, you say, when he had two sons, he would not let the one leave his side, while he allowed the other to be in the country. Rosc. Am. 16.1Quaesō, Erucī, ut hoc in bonam partem accipiās;I ask you, Erucius, to take this in good part; Rosc. Am. 16.1nōn enim exprobrandī causā sed commonendī grātiā dīcam.for I shall say it not by way of reproach but as a reminder. Rosc. Am. 16.46Sī tibi fortūna nōn dedit ut patre certō nāscerēre ex quō intellegere possēs quī animus patrius in līberōs esset, at nātūra certē dedit ut hūmānitātis nōn parum habērēs;If fortune did not grant you to be born of a known father, from whom you could understand what a father's feeling towards his children is, at least nature surely granted you no small share of humanity; Rosc. Am. 16.46eō accessit studium doctrīnae ut nē ā litterīs quidem aliēnus essēs.to this was added a love of learning, so that you are not a stranger even to literature. Rosc. Am. 16.46Ecquid tandem tibi vidētur, ut ad fābulās veniāmus, senex ille Caeciliānus minōris facere Eutychum, fīlium rūsticum, quam illum alterum, Chaerestratum?Does it really seem to you, to turn to the plays, that the old man in Caecilius values Eutychus, his son in the country, any less than the other, Chaerestratus?

Rosc. Am. 16.46— nam, ut opīnor, hōc nōmine est — alterum in urbe sēcum honōris causā habēre, alterum rūs supplicī causā relēgāsse?— for, I believe, that is his name — that he keeps the one with him in the city as an honour, and has banished the other to the country as a punishment? Rosc. Am. 16.47"Quid ad istās ineptiās abīs?"'Why do you stray off to such absurdities?' Rosc. Am. 16.47inquiēs.you will say. Rosc. Am. 16.47Quasi vērō mihi difficile sit quamvīs multōs nōminātim prōferre, nē longius abeam, vel tribulīs vel vīcīnōs meōs quī suōs līberōs quōs plūrimī faciunt agricolās adsiduōs esse cupiunt.As if it were difficult for me to bring forward by name as many as you like, not to go further afield, of either my fellow tribesmen or my neighbours, who want the children they value most highly to be diligent farmers. Rosc. Am. 16.47Vērum hominēs notōs sūmere odiōsum est, cum et illud incertum sit velintne eī sēsē nōminārī, et nēmō vōbīs magis notus futūrus sit quam est hic Eutychus, et certē ad rem nihil intersit utrum hunc ego cōmicum adulēscentem an aliquem ex agrō Vēientī nōminem.But it is invidious to take well-known people, since it is uncertain whether they would wish to be named, and no one will be better known to you than this Eutychus is, and surely it makes no difference to the matter whether I name this young man from comedy or someone from the territory of Veii.

Rosc. Am. 16.47Etenim haec cōnficta arbitror esse ā poētīs ut effictōs nostrōs mōrēs in aliēnīs persōnīs expressamque imāginem vītae cōtīdiānae vidērēmus.For I think these things were invented by the poets so that we might see our own manners portrayed in other characters and a vivid image of everyday life. Rosc. Am. 16.48Age nunc, refer animum sīs ad vēritātem et cōnsīderā nōn modo in Umbriā atque in eā vīcīnitāte sed in hīs veteribus mūnicipiīs quae studia ā patribus familiās maximē laudentur;Come now, turn your mind, if you please, to reality, and consider, not only in Umbria and that neighbourhood but in these old towns, what pursuits are most praised by fathers of families; Rosc. Am. 16.48iam profectō tē intellegēs inopiā crīminum summam laudem Sex. Rosciō vitiō et culpae dedisse.then surely you will realise that, for lack of charges, you have made what is the highest praise of Sextus Roscius into a vice and a fault.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×4, indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (153 words)
at, conj.but
enim, conj.for
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
fīlius, -ī, m.son
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
nōn, adv.not
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
rūs, rūris n.the country, countryside; (pl.) fields
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
quaesō (defective)I beg, please
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
bonus, -a, -umgood
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
exprobrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreproach, rebuke, blame (someone) for
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
sed, conj.but
commoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, impress upon, call to mind
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
sī, conj.if
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
pater, patris, m.father
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
hūmānitās, -tātis f.culture, refinement
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
doctrīna, -ae f.teaching
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
ecquid (adv.)at all? (introducing an eager question: 'do you at all ...?')
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
fābula, -ae, f.story
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
senex, senis, m.old man
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
Caeciliānus, -a, -umof Caecilius (Statius), the comic poet; in Caecilius' plays
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
rūsticus, -a, -umrural, of the country
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
nam, conj.for
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
urbs, urbis, f.city
honor, -ōris, m.honor
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
relēgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussend away, remove; banish
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
ineptiae, -ārum f. pl.silliness, absurdities, trifles, nonsense
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
quasi, conj.as if
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
difficilis, -enot easy, difficult
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
nōminātim (adv.)by name, one by one
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
longē, adv.far
velor; vel … vel: either … or
tribulus, -ī m.thistle, prickly weed
vīcīnus, -ī m.neighbor
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
agricola, -ae m.farmer, tiller of the soil
assiduus, -a, -umconstant, unremitting
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
homō, hominis, m.man
nōtus, -a, -umknown, well-known, famous
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
odiōsus, -a, -umhateful, offensive, tiresome
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
volō, velle, voluīwish
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumname, mention
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
vōsplur. of tū
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
utrum (conj.)whether (utrum … an: whether … or)
cōmicus, -a, -umof comedy, comic; (m. as noun) comic poet or actor
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
an, conj.or (in questions)
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
ager, agri, m.field, land
Vēiēns, -entisof Veii, the Etruscan city; (m. pl.) the Veientes
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
cōnfingō, -ere, -fīnxī, -fictusfabricate, invent, make up
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
poēta, -ae, m.poet
effingō, -ere, -fīnxī, -fictusform, portray, represent
noster, -tra, -trumour
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
persōna, -ae f.mask; character, role; personal standing
exprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress out
que, enclitic conj.and
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
vīta, -ae, f.life
cottīdiānus, -a, -umdaily
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nunc, adv.now
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
cōnsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at closely, consider, think over
modo, adv.only
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
vīcīnitās, -ātis f.neighborhood; the people living nearby
vetus, veterisold, former
mūnicipium, -ī n.municipium, a self-governing Italian town with Roman citizenship
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
iam, adv.now, already
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
inopia, -ae f.lack, want, scarcity
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.