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Cicero · Pro Murena

Pro Murena 6

The charge of dancing refuted

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Mur. 6.1Hic vērō, iūdicēs, et fuit in Asiā et virō fortissimō, parentī suō, magnō adiūmentō in perīculīs, sōlāciō in labōribus, grātulātiōnī in victōriā fuit.This man, judges, was indeed in Asia, and to that bravest of men, his father, he was a great help in dangers, a comfort in toils, a source of congratulation in victory. Mur. 6.1Et sī habet Asia suspīciōnem luxuriae quandam, nōn Asiam numquam vīdisse sed in Asiā continenter vīxisse laudandum est.And if Asia carries a certain suspicion of luxury, what deserves praise is not never to have seen Asia, but to have lived temperately in Asia. Mur. 6.1Quam ob rem nōn Asiae nōmen obiciendum Mūrēnae fuit ex quā laus familiae, memoria generī, honōs et glōria nōminī cōnstitūta est, sed aliquod aut in Asiā susceptum aut ex Asiā dēportātum flāgitium ac dēdecus.Therefore what ought to have been thrown at Murena was not the name of Asia, from which praise was established for his family, renown for his line, and honour and glory for his name, but some outrage and disgrace either committed in Asia or brought back from Asia. Mur. 6.1Meruisse vērō stīpendia in eō bellō quod tum populus Rōmānus nōn modo maximum sed etiam sōlum gerēbat virtūtis, patre imperātōre libentissimē meruisse pietātis, fīnem stīpendiōrum patris victōriam ac triumphum fuisse fēlīcitātis fuit.To have served in that war, which was then not only the greatest but the only one the Roman people was waging, was a mark of courage; to have served most willingly under his father as commander was a mark of filial devotion; that the end of his service was his father's victory and triumph was a mark of good fortune.

Mur. 6.1Maledictō quidem idcircō nihil in hīsce rēbus locī est quod omnia laus occupāvit.There is, then, no room in these matters for abuse, because praise has taken possession of everything. Mur. 6.13Saltātōrem appellat Mūrēnam Catō.Cato calls Murena a dancer. Mur. 6.13Maledictum est, sī vērē obicitur, vehementis accūsātōris, sīn falsō, maledicī convīciātōris.This reproach, if it is made truly, is that of a vigorous accuser; if falsely, that of a slanderous railer. Mur. 6.13Quā rē cum istā sīs auctōritāte, nōn dēbēs, Catō, adripere maledictum ex triviō aut ex scurrārum aliquō convīciō neque temerē cōnsulem populī Rōmānī saltātōrem vocāre, sed circumspicere quibus praetereā vitiīs adfectum esse necesse sit eum cui vērē istud obicī possit.Therefore, since you have such authority, you ought not, Cato, to snatch up abuse from the street corner or from some brawl of buffoons, nor rashly call a consul of the Roman people a dancer, but to consider what other vices must necessarily belong to the man to whom that charge can truly be made. Mur. 6.13Nēmō enim ferē saltat sōbrius, nisi forte īnsānit, neque in sōlitūdine neque in convīviō moderātō atque honestō.For hardly anyone dances when sober, unless perhaps he is mad, either alone or at a moderate and respectable dinner.

Mur. 6.13Tempestīvī convīvī, amoenī locī, multārum dēliciārum comes est extrēma saltātiō.Dancing is the last companion of an early-starting banquet, a pleasant setting and many delights. Mur. 6.13Tū mihi adripis hoc quod necesse est omnium vitiōrum esse postrēmum, relinquis illa quibus remōtīs hoc vitium omnīnō esse nōn potest?Do you seize on this, which must be the last of all the vices, and leave aside those without which this vice cannot exist at all? Mur. 6.13Nūllum turpe convīvium, nōn amor, nōn cōmissātiō, nōn libīdō, nōn sūmptus ostenditur, et, cum ea nōn reperiantur quae voluptātis nōmen habent quamquam vitiōsa sunt, in quō ipsam luxuriam reperīre nōn potes, in eō tē umbram luxuriae repertūrum putās?No shameful banquet is shown, no love affair, no revelling, no lust, no extravagance; and when those things which bear the name of pleasure, vicious though they are, are not found, do you think that in a man in whom you cannot find luxury itself, you will find the shadow of luxury? Mur. 6.14Nihil igitur in vītam Mūrēnae dīcī potest, nihil, inquam, omnīnō, iūdicēs.Nothing, then, can be said against Murena's life, nothing, I say, at all, judges. Mur. 6.14Sīc ā mē cōnsul dēsignātus dēfenditur ut eius nūlla fraus, nūlla avāritia, nūlla perfidia, nūlla crūdēlitās, nūllum petulāns dictum in vītā prōferātur.So am I defending the consul-elect that no fraud, no greed, no treachery, no cruelty, no insolent word in his life is brought forward.

Mur. 6.14Bene habet;Very well; Mur. 6.14iacta sunt fundāmenta dēfēnsiōnis.the foundations of the defence have been laid. Mur. 6.14Nōndum enim nostrīs laudibus, quibus ūtar posteā, sed prope inimīcōrum cōnfessiōne virum bonum atque integrum hominem dēfendimus.For not yet with my own praises, which I shall use later, but almost by the admission of his enemies, I am defending a good and upright man. Mur. 6.14Quō cōnstitūtō facilior est mihi aditus ad contentiōnem dignitātis, quae pars altera fuit accūsātiōnis.With this established, my approach is easier to the comparison of standing, which was the second part of the accusation.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (181 words)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vir, virī, m.man
fortis, -ebrave
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
adiūmentum, -ī n.help, aid, support
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
sōlācium, -ī n.comfort, consolation
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
grātulātiō, -ōnis f.rejoicing, congratulation
victōria, -ae, f.victory
sī, conj.if
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
luxuria, -ae f.luxury
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
nōn, adv.not
numquam, adv.never
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sed, conj.but
continentercontinually, without a break
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
obiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow in the way or to
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
memoria, -ae, f.memory
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
honor, -ōris, m.honor
glōria, -ae, f.glory
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
dēportō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry off, remove
flāgitium, -ī n.shameful act, disgrace, outrage
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dēdecus, -decoris, n.dishonor, disgrace
mereō, -ēre, meruī, meritusdeserve, earn
stīpendium, -ī, n.tax, tribute
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
bellum, -ī, n.war
tum, adv.then, at that time
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
modo, adv.only
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
sōlus, -a, -umalone
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
pater, patris, m.father
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
libenter, adv.willingly, gladly
pietās, -ātis f.dutifulness, devotion to family and gods
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
triumphus, -ī m.triumph, a victorious general's procession
fēlīcitās, -ātis f.good fortune, luck
maledictum, -ī n.insult, abuse
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
idcircō (adv.)for that reason
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
quod, conj.that, in that, because
omnis, -eall, every
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
saltātor, -ōris m.dancer
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
vērē (adv.)truly, really
vehemēns, -entisviolent, forceful, severe
accūsātor, -ōris m.accuser, prosecutor
sīn (conj.)but if
falsō (adv.)falsely, wrongly
maledicus, -a, -umabusive, slanderous; (as noun) a slanderer
convīciātor, -ōris m.abuser, railer, slanderer
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
arripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptusseize, snatch up
trivium, -ī n.crossroads, place where three roads meet
scurra, -ae m.buffoon, jester; man about town; parasite
convīcium, -ī n.loud noise, wrangling; abuse
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
temerē, adv.rashly
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
circumspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectuslook around; look around for, consider
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
vitium, -ī n.fault, vice
adficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusdo to, move, affect; visit, afflict
necesse, indecl. adj.necessary
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
enim, conj.for
ferē, adv.nearly, about, almost, for the most part
saltō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdance
sōbrius, -a, -umsober
nisi, conj.if not, unless
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
īnsāniō, -īre, -īvībe mad, be out of one's mind
sōlitūdō, -inis f.loneliness; a wilderness, desert
convīvium, -ī n.banquet, dinner party
moderātus, -a, -umrestrained, moderate; (as noun) restraint
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
tempestīvus, -a, -umtimely; convīvium tempestīvum: a party that starts early (before the usual hour)
amoenus, -a, -umpleasant, lovely (of places)
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
dēliciae, -ārum f. pl.delights, luxuries, pleasures
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
saltātiō, -ōnis f.dancing, a dance
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
postrēmus, -a, -umlast
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
removeō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove back, remove
omnīnō, adv.altogether, wholly, entirely
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
turpis, -edisgraceful
amor, -ōris, m.love
cōmissātiō, -ōnis f.drinking party, revel
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
sūmptus, -ūs m.expense
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
quamquam, conj.however much, although
vitiōsus, -a, -umfaulty, defective, corrupt; vicious
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
igitur, conj.therefore
vīta, -ae, f.life
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
sīc, adv.so, thus
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
dēsignō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpoint out, refer to
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
avāritia, -ae f.greed
perfidia, -ae f.treachery, bad faith
crūdēlitās, -ātis f.cruelty
petulāns, -antispert, impudent, unruly
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbring forward, bring out
bene, adv.well; successfully
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
fundāmentum, -ī n.foundation
dēfēnsiō, -ōnis f.defence
nōndum, adv.not yet
noster, -tra, -trumour
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
cōnfessiō, -ōnis f.confession, admission
bonus, -a, -umgood
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
homō, hominis, m.man
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
contentiō, -ōnis f.struggle, dispute
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
accūsātiō, -ōnis f.accusation, charge
Cicero, Pro Murena. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.