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Cicero · Pro Murena

Pro Murena 4

Friendship and the duty to defend

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Mur. 4.1Mihi autem cum Mūrēnā, iūdicēs, et magna et vetus amīcitia est, quae in capitis dīmicātiōne ā Ser. Sulpiciō nōn idcircō obruētur quod ab eōdem in honōris contentiōne superāta est.But I have, judges, a great and old friendship with Murena, which in a struggle for his civic life will not be overwhelmed by Servius Sulpicius merely because it was beaten by the same man in the contest for office. Mur. 4.1Quae sī causa nōn esset, tamen vel dignitās hominis vel honōris eius quem adeptus est amplitūdō summam mihi superbiae crūdēlitātisque īnfāmiam inussisset, sī hominis et suīs et populī Rōmānī ōrnāmentīs amplissimī causam tantī perīculī repudiāssem.Even if there were not this reason, still either the man's standing or the eminence of the office he has won would have branded me with the deepest disgrace for arrogance and cruelty, if I had refused the case of a man so distinguished by his own honours and those of the Roman people, when he was in such great danger. Mur. 4.1Neque enim iam mihi licet neque est integrum ut meum labōrem hominum perīculīs sublevandīs nōn impertiam.For it is no longer permitted to me, nor am I free, to withhold my labour from relieving men in danger.

Mur. 4.1Nam cum praemia mihi tanta prō hāc industriā sint data quanta anteā nēminī, sīc exīstimō, labōrēs quōs in petītiōne excēperīs, eōs, cum adeptus sīs, dēpōnere, esse hominis et astūtī et ingrātī.For since rewards have been given me for this diligence such as no one had before, I hold that to lay aside, once you have won your goal, the labours you took on in your candidature is the mark of a man both crafty and ungrateful. Mur. 4.9Quod sī licet dēsinere, sī tē auctōre possum, sī nūlla inertiae īnfāmia, nūlla superbiae turpitūdō, nūlla inhūmānitātis culpa suscipitur, ego vērō libenter dēsinō.But if I may leave off, if I can do so on your authority, if no disgrace for idleness, no shame for arrogance, no charge of inhumanity is incurred, then indeed I gladly leave off. Mur. 4.9Sīn autem fuga labōris dēsidiam, repudiātiō supplicum superbiam, amīcōrum neglēctiō improbitātem coarguit, nīmīrum haec causa est eius modī quam nec industrius quisquam nec misericors nec officiōsus dēserere possit.But if shirking labour convicts a man of laziness, rejecting suppliants of arrogance, and neglecting friends of dishonesty, then this case is surely of such a kind that no one who is diligent, merciful or dutiful could abandon it.

Mur. 4.9Atque huiusce reī coniectūram dē tuō ipsīus studiō, Servī, facillimē cēperīs.And you may very easily form a judgement of this from your own practice, Servius. Mur. 4.9Nam sī tibi necesse putās etiam adversāriīs amīcōrum tuōrum dē iūre cōnsulentibus respondēre, et sī turpe exīstimās tē advocātō illum ipsum quem contrā vēnerīs causā cadere, nōlī tam esse iniūstus ut, cum tuī fontēs vel inimīcīs tuīs pateant, nostrōs etiam amīcīs putēs clausōs esse oportēre.For if you think it necessary to give legal opinions even to the opponents of your friends when they consult you, and if you think it shameful that the very man against whom you have appeared as counsel should lose his case, do not be so unjust as to think that, while your springs are open even to your enemies, ours ought to be closed even to our friends. Mur. 4.10Etenim sī mē tua familiāritās ab hāc causā remōvisset, et sī hoc idem Hortēnsiō, Crassō, clārissimīs virīs, sī item cēterīs ā quibus intellegō tuam grātiam magnī aestimārī accidisset, in eā cīvitāte cōnsul dēsignātus dēfēnsōrem nōn habēret in quā nēminī umquam īnfimō maiōrēs nostrī patrōnum dēesse voluērunt.Indeed, if my friendship with you had kept me from this case, and if the same thing had happened to Hortensius and Crassus, most distinguished men, and likewise to the others by whom I understand your favour is highly valued, a consul-elect would have no defender in that state in which our ancestors wished that no one, even the lowest, should ever lack an advocate.

Mur. 4.10Ego vērō, iūdicēs, ipse mē exīstimārem nefārium sī amīcō, crūdēlem sī miserō, superbum sī cōnsulī dēfuissem.But I, judges, should think myself wicked if I had failed a friend, cruel if I had failed one in distress, arrogant if I had failed a consul. Mur. 4.10Quā rē quod dandum est amīcitiae, lārgē dabitur ā mē, ut tēcum agam, Servī, nōn secus ac sī meus esset frāter, quī mihi est cārissimus, istō in locō;Therefore what must be given to friendship will be given by me generously, so that I shall deal with you, Servius, just as if my brother, who is dearest to me, were in your place; Mur. 4.10quod tribuendum est officiō, fideī, religiōnī, id ita moderābor ut meminerim mē contrā amīcī studium prō amīcī perīculō dīcere.what must be granted to duty, to good faith, to conscience, I shall so regulate as to remember that I am speaking against a friend's zeal to save a friend in danger.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (172 words)
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
cum, prep, with abl.with
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vetus, veterisold, former
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
caput, capitis, n.head
dīmicātiō, -ōnis f.fight, struggle, combat
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
nōn, adv.not
idcircō (adv.)for that reason
obruō, -ere, -ruī, -rutusoverwhelm, bury, crush
quod, conj.that, in that, because
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
honor, -ōris, m.honor
contentiō, -ōnis f.struggle, dispute
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
sī, conj.if
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
velor; vel … vel: either … or
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
homō, hominis, m.man
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
adipīscor, -ī, adeptus sumobtain, win, gain
amplitūdō, -inis f.size, greatness
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
superbia, -ae f.pride, arrogance
crūdēlitās, -ātis f.cruelty
que, enclitic conj.and
īnfāmia, -ae f.disgrace, dishonor
inūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustusburn in, brand
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
ōrnāmentum, -ī n.honour, distinction; ornament
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
repudiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumreject, refuse
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
enim, conj.for
iam, adv.now, already
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
sublevō, -levāre, -levāvī, -levātuslift from beneath, lift, raise
impertiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusgive a share of, bestow
nam, conj.for
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
praemium, -ī, n.reward
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
industria, -ae f.diligence, hard work
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
anteā, adv.before
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
sīc, adv.so, thus
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
petītiō, -ōnis f.thrust, attack; candidacy
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
dēpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput down, deposit; lay aside, give up; ē memoriā dēpōnere, to forget
astūtus, -a, -umcrafty, cunning, shrewd
ingrātus, -a, -umunwelcome, unpleasant; ungrateful
dēsinō, -sinere, -siī, -situsstop, cease (+ inf.)
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
inertia, -ae f.inactivity, idleness, sloth
turpitūdō, -inis f.disgrace
inhūmānitās, -ātis f.lack of human feeling, unkindness; churlishness, rudeness
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
libenter, adv.willingly, gladly
sīn (conj.)but if
fuga, -ae, f.flight
dēsidia, -ae f.idleness, sloth
repudiātiō, -ōnis f.rejection, refusal
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
neglēctiō, -ōnis f.neglect
improbitās, -ātis f.wickedness, dishonesty
coarguō, -ere, -uīexpose, prove guilty, denounce
nīmīrum (adv.)of course, no doubt, evidently (often ironic)
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
industrius, -a, -umactive, diligent, hard-working
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
misericors, -cordistender-hearted, compassionate
officiōsus, -a, -umdutiful, obliging, ready to do a service (in + acc.: towards)
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
coniectūra, -ae f.guess, inference
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
facile, adv.easily
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
necesse, indecl. adj.necessary
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
adversārius, -ī m.opponent, enemy
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
turpis, -edisgraceful
advocātus, -ī m.supporter in court, legal adviser, counsel; helper, friend called in
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
tam, adv.so
iniūstus, -a, -umunjust, unfair; harsh
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
noster, -tra, -trumour
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
familiāritās, -ātis f.close friendship
removeō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove back, remove
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
vir, virī, m.man
itemlikewise, also
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumvalue, reckon
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
dēsignō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpoint out, refer to
dēfēnsor, -ōris m.defender
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
umquam, adv.ever
īnfimus, -a, -umlowest (īnfimus collis: the foot of the hill)
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
patrōnus, -ī m.patron, protector
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
volō, velle, voluīwish
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
crūdēlis, -ecruel
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
superbus, -a, -umproud, arrogant, haughty
lārgē (adv.)generously, lavishly
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
secus (prep. + acc.)beside, along
frāter, frātris, m.brother
cārus, -a, -umdear, precious
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
tribuō, -ere, tribuī, tribūtumassign, attribute
officium, -ī, n.service; duty
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
religiō, -ōnis f.religious scruple, religious duty
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
moderor, -ārī, -ātus sumcontrol, manage, check
meminī, meminisseremember
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
Cicero, Pro Murena. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.