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Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 30

Milo would proudly confess the deed

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Mil. 30.1Etenim sī id nōn negat ex quō nihil petit nisi ut ignōscātur, dubitāret id fatērī ex quō etiam praemia laudis essent petenda?For if he does not deny the deed for which he seeks nothing but pardon, would he hesitate to admit a deed for which he could even claim the rewards of praise? Mil. 30.1nisi vērō grātius putat esse vōbīs suī sē capitis quam vestrī dēfēnsōrem fuisse;unless indeed he thinks it more welcome to you that he should have been the defender of his own life rather than of yours; Mil. 30.1cum praesertim in tālī cōnfessiōne, sī grātī esse vellētis, honōrēs adsequerētur amplissimōs.especially since, by such a confession, if you were willing to be grateful, he would obtain the highest honours. Mil. 30.1Sīn factum vōbīs nōn probārētur—quamquam quī poterat salūs sua cuiquam nōn probārī?—sed tamen sī minus fortissimī virī virtūs cīvibus grāta cecidisset, magnō animō cōnstantīque cēderet ex ingrātā cīvitāte.But if the deed did not win your approval — though how could anyone fail to approve his own safety? — but still, if the courage of a most brave man had proved less welcome to the citizens, he would withdraw with a great and steadfast spirit from an ungrateful community.

Mil. 30.1Nam quid esset ingrātius quam laetārī cēterōs, lūgēre eum sōlum propter quem cēterī laetārentur?For what would be more ungrateful than that the rest should rejoice, and he alone should mourn, thanks to whom the rest were rejoicing? Mil. 30.82Quamquam hōc animō semper fuimus omnēs in patriae prōditōribus opprimendīs ut, quoniam futūra esset nostra glōria, perīculum quoque et invidiam nostram putārēmus.And yet we have all always been of this mind in crushing traitors to our country, that, since the glory would be ours, we considered the danger and the odium ours as well. Mil. 30.82Nam quae mihi tribuenda ipsī laus esset, cum tantum in cōnsulātū meō prō vōbīs ac līberīs vestrīs ausus essem, sī id quod cōnābar sine maximīs dīmicātiōnibus meīs mē esse ausūrum arbitrārer?For what praise would have been due to me myself, when I had dared so much in my consulship for you and your children, if I had thought that I could dare what I was attempting without the greatest struggles on my part? Mil. 30.82Quae mulier interficere scelerātum ac perniciōsum cīvem nōn audēret, sī perīculum nōn timēret?What woman would not dare to kill a wicked and destructive citizen, if she did not fear danger?

Mil. 30.82Prōpositā invidiā, morte, poenā quī nihilō segnius rem pūblicam dēfendit, is vir vērē putandus est.The man who, with odium, death and punishment before him, defends the state no less vigorously is the one who must truly be considered a man. Mil. 30.82Populī grātī est praemiīs adficere bene meritōs dē rē pūblicā cīvīs, virī fortis nē suppliciīs quidem movērī ut fortiter fēcisse paeniteat.It is the part of a grateful people to reward citizens who have served the state well, and of a brave man not to be moved even by punishments to regret having acted bravely. Mil. 30.83Quam ob rem ūterētur eādem cōnfessiōne T. Annius quā Ahāla, quā Nāsīca, quā Opīmius, quā Marius, quā nōsmet ipsī, et, sī grāta rēs pūblica esset, laetārētur;Therefore Titus Annius would make the same confession as Ahala, as Nasica, as Opimius, as Marius, as we ourselves, and, if the state were grateful, he would rejoice; Mil. 30.83sī ingrāta, tamen in gravī fortūnā cōnscientiā suā nīterētur.if ungrateful, he would still lean on his own conscience in his hard fortune. Mil. 30.83Sed huius beneficī grātiam, iūdicēs, Fortūna populī Rōmānī et vestra fēlīcitās et dī immortālēs sibi dēbērī putant.But the gratitude for this benefit, judges, the Fortune of the Roman people, your own good luck and the immortal gods think is owed to themselves.

Mil. 30.83Nec vērō quisquam aliter arbitrārī potest, nisi quī nūllam vim esse dūcit nūmenque dīvīnum, quem neque imperī nostrī magnitūdō nec sōl ille nec caelī signōrumque mōtūs nec vicissitūdinēs rērum atque ōrdinēs movent neque, id quod maximum est, maiōrum nostrōrum sapientia, quī sacra, quī caerimōniās, quī auspicia et ipsī sānctissimē coluērunt et nōbīs suīs posterīs prōdidērunt.Nor indeed can anyone think otherwise, unless it is someone who believes there is no divine power or will, someone whom neither the greatness of our empire moves, nor that sun, nor the movements of the heavens and the stars, nor the changes and orders of nature, nor, what is greatest, the wisdom of our ancestors, who both themselves most devoutly cherished sacred rites, ceremonies and auspices and handed them down to us, their descendants.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×4, indirect statement ×2, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (161 words)
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
sī, conj.if
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nōn, adv.not
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
nisi, conj.if not, unless
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
praemium, -ī, n.reward
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
vōsplur. of tū
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
caput, capitis, n.head
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
dēfēnsor, -ōris m.defender
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
praesertim (adv.)especially
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
tālis, -esuch
cōnfessiō, -ōnis f.confession, admission
volō, velle, voluīwish
honor, -ōris, m.honor
adsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumovertake; gain, achieve
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
sīn (conj.)but if
factum, -ī n.deed, act
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
quamquam, conj.however much, although
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
sed, conj.but
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
minus, comp. adv.less
fortis, -ebrave
vir, virī, m.man
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
que, enclitic conj.and
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
ingrātus, -a, -umunwelcome, unpleasant; ungrateful
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
nam, conj.for
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
laetor, -ārī, -ātus sumrejoice, be glad
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
lūgeō, -ēre, lūxī, lūctusmourn, grieve for
sōlus, -a, -umalone
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
semper, adv.always
omnis, -eall, every
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
prōditor, -ōris m.traitor
opprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress against, overpower, crush
quoniam, conj.since now, since
noster, -tra, -trumour
glōria, -ae, f.glory
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
quoque, adv.also
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
tribuō, -ere, tribuī, tribūtumassign, attribute
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
līberī, -ōrum, m. plur.children
vester, -tra, -trumyour
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
sine, prep. with abl.without
dīmicātiō, -ōnis f.fight, struggle, combat
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
scelerātus, -a, -umwicked, criminal
perniciōsus, -a, -umdestructive, ruinous, dangerous
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
prōpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say
mors, mortīs, f.death
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
nihilum, -ī n.nothing; nihilō sētius: none the less
segniter (adv.)sluggishly, lazily, half-heartedly
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
vērē (adv.)truly, really
populus, -ī m.people, nation
adficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusdo to, move, affect; visit, afflict
bene, adv.well; successfully
mereor, -ērī, meritus sumdeserve; (dē) do service to
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
fortiter, adv.bravely
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
paenitet, -ēre, -uit (impers.)it repents, it grieves (paenitet mē: I regret, I am sorry)
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
nōsplur. of ego
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
cōnscientia, -ae f.awareness; consciousness of guilt, guilty conscience
nītor, -ī, nīxus sum (+ abl.)rely on
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
fēlīcitās, -ātis f.good fortune, luck
deus, -ī, m.god
immortālis, -eimmortal
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
vicissitūdō, -inis f.exchange, interchange, alternation, taking turns
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
sapientia, -ae f.wisdom, good sense
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
caerimōnia, -ae f.sacred rite, ceremony
auspicium, -ī n.taking of the auspices (reading the will of the gods from birds); omen
sānctē (adv.)solemnly, devoutly, scrupulously
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
posterī, -ōrum m. pl.descendants, posterity
prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditumhand down; betray
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.