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Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 27

A catalogue of Clodius' crimes

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Mil. 27.1Nec vērō mē, iūdicēs, Clōdiānum crīmen movet, nec tam sum dēmēns tamque vestrī sēnsūs ignārus atque expers ut nesciam quid dē morte Clōdī sentiātis.Nor, judges, does the charge about Clodius trouble me, nor am I so mad and so ignorant and devoid of your feelings that I do not know what you feel about Clodius' death. Mil. 27.1Dē quā sī iam nōllem ita dīluere crīmen ut dīluī, tamen impūne Milōnī palam clāmāre ac mentīrī glōriōsē licēret: "Occīdī, occīdī, nōn Sp. Maelium quī annōnā levandā iactūrīsque reī familiāris, quia nimis amplectī plēbem vidēbātur, in suspīciōnem incidit regnī appetendī, nōn Ti. Gracchum quī conlēgae magistrātum per sēditiōnem abrogāvit, quōrum interfectōrēs implērunt orbem terrārum nōminis suī glōriā, sed eum— audēret enim dīcere, cum patriam perīculō suō līberāsset— cuius nefandum adulterium in pulvīnāribus sānctissimīs nōbilissimae fēminae comprehendērunt;Even if I did not now wish to refute the charge concerning it as I have refuted it, Milo would still be permitted to cry out openly and with impunity, and to lie boastfully: 'I have killed, I have killed, not a Spurius Maelius, who by lowering the price of grain and spending his own property fell under suspicion of aiming at kingship because he seemed to court the common people too much, not a Tiberius Gracchus, who through sedition deprived his colleague of his office — men whose killers have filled the world with the glory of their name — but the man (for he would dare to say it, since he had freed his country at his own risk) whose abominable adultery on the most sacred couches of the gods was detected by women of the highest rank; Mil. 27.1" "eum cuius suppliciō senātus sollemnīs religiōnēs expiandās saepe cēnsuit;the man by whose punishment the senate often decreed that the solemn rites should be expiated; Mil. 27.73eum quem cum sorōre germānā nefārium stuprum fēcisse L. Lūcullus iūrātus sē quaestiōnibus habitīs dīxit comperisse;the man whom Lucius Lucullus declared on oath he had found, through examinations held, to have committed abominable incest with his own sister; Mil. 27.73eum quī cīvem quem senātus, quem populus Rōmānus, quem omnēs gentēs urbis ac vītae cīvium cōnservātōrem iūdicārant servōrum armīs extermināvit;the man who, with the arms of slaves, drove out a citizen whom the senate, whom the Roman people, whom all nations had judged the preserver of the city and of the lives of its citizens; Mil. 27.73eum quī regna dedit, adēmit, orbem terrārum quibuscum voluit partītus est;the man who gave kingdoms and took them away, and shared out the world with whomever he wished; Mil. 27.73eum quī plūrimīs caedibus in forō factīs singulārī virtūte et glōriā cīvem domum vī et armīs compulit;the man who, after many murders had been committed in the forum, drove a citizen of singular courage and glory into his house by violence and arms; Mil. 27.73eum cui nihil umquam nefās fuit nec in facinore nec in libīdine;the man for whom nothing was ever forbidden, either in crime or in lust; Mil. 27.73eum quī aedem Nymphārum incendit ut memoriam pūblicam recēnsiōnis tabulīs pūblicīs impressam exstingueret;the man who set fire to the temple of the Nymphs to destroy the public record of the census entered in the public registers; Mil. 27.73" "eum dēnique cui iam nūlla lēx erat, nūllum cīvīle iūs, nūllī possessiōnum terminī, quī nōn calumniā lītium, nōn iniūstīs vindiciīs ac sacrāmentīs aliēnōs fundōs, sed castrīs, exercitū, signīs īnferendīs petēbat;the man, finally, for whom there was no longer any law, any civil right, any boundaries of property, who sought other people's estates not by vexatious lawsuits, not by unjust claims and legal wagers, but with camps, an army and advancing standards; Mil. 27.74quī nōn sōlum Etrūscōs—eōs enim penitus contempserat—sed hunc P. Varium, fortissimum atque optimum cīvem, iūdicem nostrum, pellere possessiōnibus armīs castrīsque cōnātus est, quī cum architectīs et decempedīs vīllās multōrum hortōsque peragrābat, quī Iāniculō et Alpibus spem possessiōnum terminārat suārum, quī cum ab equite Rōmānō splendidō et fortī, M. Paconiō, nōn impetrāsset, ut sibi īnsulam in lacū Priliō vēnderet, repente lintribus in eam īnsulam māteriem, calcem, caementa, harēnam convēxit dominōque trāns rīpam īnspectante nōn dubitāvit aedificium exstruere in aliēnō;who tried to drive from their properties with arms and camps not only the Etruscans — for he utterly despised them — but even Publius Varius here, a most courageous and excellent citizen, one of our judges; who roamed over many people's villas and gardens with architects and measuring rods; who had set the Janiculum and the Alps as the bounds of his hopes of possession; who, when he had failed to persuade Marcus Paconius, a distinguished and brave Roman knight, to sell him an island in Lake Prilius, suddenly carried timber, lime, rubble and sand to that island in boats, and, while the owner looked on from across the bank, did not hesitate to put up a building on another man's property; Mil. 27.74quī huic T. Furfaniō, cui virō, dī immortālēs!—" "quid enim ego dē mulierculā Scantiā, quid dē adulēscente P. Aponiō dīcam?who to Titus Furfanius here — and what a man, immortal gods! — for why should I speak of the poor woman Scantia, or of the young Publius Aponius?

Mil. 27.75quōrum utrīque mortem est minātus, nisi sibi hortōrum possessiōne cessissent—;both of whom he threatened with death unless they gave up possession of their gardens to him —; Mil. 27.75sed ausum esse T. Furfaniō dīcere, sī sibi pecūniam quantam posceret nōn dedisset, mortuum sē in domum eius inlātūrum, quā invidiā huic esset tālī virō cōnflagrandum;but who dared to tell Titus Furfanius that if he did not give him as much money as he demanded, he would carry a corpse into his house, so that such a man would have to be consumed by the odium of it; Mil. 27.75quī Appium frātrem, hominem mihi coniūnctum fīdissimā grātiā, absentem dē possessiōne fundī dēiēcit;who drove his brother Appius, a man bound to me by the most faithful friendship, from possession of his estate while he was away; Mil. 27.75quī parietem sīc per vestibulum sorōris īnstituit dūcere, sīc agere fundāmenta ut sorōrem nōn modo vestibulō prīvāret sed omnī aditū et līmine."who began to build a wall through his sister's forecourt, and to lay its foundations in such a way as to deprive his sister not only of her forecourt but of every approach and threshold.'

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×5, indirect statement ×4, ablative absolute ×3, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (228 words)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
Clōdiānus, -a, -umof Clodius, Clodian
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
tam, adv.so
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dēmēns, -entisout of one's mind, mad, frantic
que, enclitic conj.and
vester, -tra, -trumyour
sēnsus, -ūs m.feeling, sensation; perception; sentiment
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
expers, -pertishaving no share in, without (+ gen. or abl.)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
mors, mortīs, f.death
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sī, conj.if
iam, adv.now, already
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
dīluō, -ere, -luī, -lūtumwash away, dissolve
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
impūne (adv.)without punishment
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout, cry out; proclaim
mentior, -īrī, -ītus sumlie, tell a lie
glōriōsē (adv.)gloriously; boastfully
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
nōn, adv.not
annōna, -ae f.the year's grain supply; the price of grain
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift; lighten, relieve
iactūra, -ae f.loss, sacrifice; expense
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
familiāris, -e; as noun, -is m.of the household (rēs familiāris: private property); friend
quia (conj.)because
nimis (adv.)too much, too
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītusdraw near
collēga, -ae m.colleague, fellow official
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
sēditiō, -ōnis f.riot, mutiny, discord
abrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusrepeal; take away (a command) from (dat.)
interfector, -ōris m.killer, slayer
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
glōria, -ae, f.glory
sed, conj.but
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
enim, conj.for
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
nefandus, -a, -umunspeakable, abominable
adulterium, -ī n.adultery
pulvīnar, -āris n.couch for the images of the gods at a religious feast; hence shrine
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
comprehendō, -prehendere, -prehendī, -prehēnsusseize, catch
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
senātus, -ūs m.senate
sollemnis, -esolemn, ritual, customary
religiō, -ōnis f.religious scruple, religious duty
expiō, -piāre, -piāvī, -piātusexpiate
saepe, adv.often, frequently
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsusthink, believe, consider
cum, prep, with abl.with
soror, -ōris, f.sister
germāna, -ae f.sister
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
stuprum, -ī n.debauchery, sexual crime
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
omnis, -eall, every
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
urbs, urbis, f.city
vīta, -ae, f.life
cōnservātor, -ōris m.preserver, saviour
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
exterminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive out, banish
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
adimō, -imere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake to oneself, take away
volō, velle, voluīwish
partior, -īrī, partītus sumshare out, divide
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
singulāris, -esingle; remarkable
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
compellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive together, drive
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
umquam, adv.ever
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
memoria, -ae, f.memory
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
recēnsiō, -ōnis f.review, census of citizens
tabula, -ae f.tablet, written list
imprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressuspress upon, press into
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
lēx, lēgis f.law
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
possessiō, -ōnis f.property, possession
terminus, -ī m.boundary, limit
calumnia, -ae f.trickery, false accusation, legal chicanery
līs, lītis f.lawsuit, dispute; damages
iniūstus, -a, -umunjust, unfair; harsh
vindiciae, -ārum f. pl.interim possession of disputed property (or person) awarded by a magistrate; vindiciās dare secundum lībertātem: rule for freedom pending trial
sacrāmentum, -ī n.military oath (of allegiance)
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
fundus, -ī m.bottom, depths
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
penitus (adv.)deep within, far inside
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
fortis, -ebrave
bonus, -a, -umgood
noster, -tra, -trumour
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
architectus, -ī m.architect, master builder; designer
decempeda, -ae f.ten-foot measuring rod
vīlla, -ae, f.country-house, villa
hortus, -ī, m.garden
peragrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustravel through, roam over
spēs, speī, f.hope
terminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbound, set the limits of
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
splendidus, -a, -umbright, magnificent
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
īnsula, -ae, f.island
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
Prilius, -a, -umof Lake Prilius in Etruria
vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditumsell
repente (adv.)suddenly
linter, lintris, f.boat, skiff
māteriēs, -ēī f.matter, material; source, cause
calx, calcis f.heel; calcibus, with kicks
caementum, -ī n.rough stone for building; mortar
harēna, -ae, f.sand; shore
convehō, -ere, -vēxī, -vectuscarry together, bring in, gather
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
trāns, prep. with acc.across, over
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
īnspectō, -ārelook on, watch
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
aedificium, -ī n.building
exstruō, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctuspile or heap up, build, erect
vir, virī, m.man
deus, -ī, m.god
immortālis, -eimmortal
muliercula, -ae f.little woman (contemptuous)
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
minor, -ārī, -ātus sumthreaten (someone: dat.; with something: abl.)
nisi, conj.if not, unless
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
morior, morī, mortuusdie
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
tālis, -esuch
cōnflagrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumburn up, be on fire
frāter, frātris, m.brother
homō, hominis, m.man
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
fīdus, -a, -umfaithful, loyal, trustworthy
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
dēiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow down, cast, drive out of one's course
pariēs, -etis m.wall (of a house)
sīc, adv.so, thus
vestibulum, -ī n.forecourt, entrance hall
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
fundāmentum, -ī n.foundation
modo, adv.only
prīvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdeprive (of: abl.)
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.