LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Cicero › Pro Milone (For Milo) › Pro Milone 21

Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 21

The two retinues and the fight

English onlyRead it word by word

Mil. 21.1Age nunc iter expedītī latrōnis cum Milōnis impedīmentīs comparāte.Come now, compare the journey of the unencumbered brigand with Milo's encumbrances. Mil. 21.1Semper ille anteā cum uxōre, tum sine eā;Always before, Clodius travelled with his wife; this time without her; Mil. 21.1numquam nisi in raedā, tum in equō;never except in a carriage; this time on horseback; Mil. 21.1comitēs Graeculī, quōcumque ībat, etiam cum in castra Etrūsca properābat, tum nūgārum in comitātū nihil.Greek hangers-on wherever he went, even when he was hurrying to the camp in Etruria; this time no frivolities in his retinue. Mil. 21.1Milō quī numquam, tum cāsū puerōs symphōniacōs uxōris dūcēbat et ancillārum gregēs;Milo, who never did so, this time by chance was taking his wife's boy musicians and troops of maidservants; Mil. 21.1ille quī semper sēcum scorta, semper exolētōs, semper lupās dūceret, tum nēminem, nisi ut virum ā virō lēctum esse dīcerēs.Clodius, who always took harlots with him, always catamites, always whores, this time took no one but men of whom you would say each had been picked, man by man. Mil. 21.1Cūr igitur victus est?Why, then, was he beaten? Mil. 21.1Quia nōn semper viātor ā latrōne, nōn numquam etiam latrō ā viātōre occīditur;Because the traveller is not always killed by the brigand; sometimes the brigand is killed by the traveller; Mil. 21.1quia, quamquam parātus in imparātōs Clōdius, ipse Clōdius tamen mulier inciderat in virōs.because, although Clodius was prepared and fell upon men unprepared, still Clodius, a woman, had fallen upon men.

Mil. 21.56Nec vērō sīc erat umquam nōn parātus Milō contrā illum ut nōn satis ferē esset parātus.Nor indeed was Milo ever so unprepared against him as not to be fairly well prepared. Mil. 21.56Semper ipse et quantum interesset P. Clōdiī sē interīre et quantō illī odiō esset et quantum ille audēret cōgitābat.He always kept in mind how much it mattered to Publius Clodius that he should perish, how greatly Clodius hated him, and how much Clodius would dare. Mil. 21.56Quam ob rem vītam suam quam maximīs praemiīs prōpositam et paene addictam sciēbat numquam in perīculum sine praesidiō et sine custōdiā prōiciēbat.For this reason he never exposed to danger his life, which he knew had been put up for the greatest rewards and almost knocked down to the bidder, without a guard and without protection. Mil. 21.56Adde cāsūs, adde incertōs exitūs pugnārum Mārtemque commūnem, quī saepe spoliantem iam et exsultantem ēvertit et perculit ab abiectō;Add chance, add the uncertain outcomes of battles and Mars who favours both sides, who often overthrows and strikes down a man already despoiling and exulting, by the hand of one laid low; Mil. 21.56adde īnscītiam prānsī, pōtī, ōscitantis ducis quī, cum ā tergō hostem interclūsum relīquisset, nihil dē eius extrēmīs comitibus cōgitāvit, in quōs incēnsōs īrā vītamque dominī dēspērantis cum incidisset, haesit in eīs poenīs quās ab eō servī fidēlēs prō dominī vītā expetīvērunt.add the incompetence of a commander who had lunched, drunk and was yawning, who, having left his enemy cut off in his rear, gave no thought to the hindmost of his companions; and when he fell among them, burning with anger and despairing of their master's life, he was caught in the punishment which those faithful slaves exacted from him for their master's life.

Mil. 21.57Cūr igitur eōs manū mīsit?Why, then, did he free them? Mil. 21.57Metuēbat scīlicet nē indicārētur, nē dolōrem perferre nōn possent, nē tormentīs cōgerentur occīsum esse ā servīs Milōnis in Appiā viā P. Clōdium cōnfitērī.He was afraid, no doubt, that he would be informed against, that they could not endure pain, that they would be forced by torture to confess that Publius Clodius had been killed on the Appian Way by Milo's slaves. Mil. 21.57Quid opus est terrōre?What need is there of terror? Mil. 21.57quid quaeris?what are you asking? Mil. 21.57Occīderitne?Did he kill him? Mil. 21.57occīdit.He did. Mil. 21.57Iūre an iniūriā?Rightly or wrongly? Mil. 21.57Nihil ad tortōrem: factī enim in eculeō quaestiō est, iūris in iūdiciō.That is no business of the torturer: on the rack the inquiry is into the fact, in court into the right.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (155 words)
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nunc, adv.now
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
latrō, -ōnis, m.robber
cum, prep, with abl.with
impedīmentum, -ī n.hindrance; (pl.) baggage
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
semper, adv.always
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
anteā, adv.before
uxor, -ōris, f.wife
tum, adv.then, at that time
sine, prep. with abl.without
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
numquam, adv.never
nisi, conj.if not, unless
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
raeda, -ae f.wagon, carriage
equus, -ī, m.horse
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
Graeculus, -a, -umGreek (contemptuous), Greekling
quōcumque (adv.)to whatever place; in whatever direction
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
Etrūscus, -a, -umEtruscan
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
nūgae, -ārum f. pl.trifles, nonsense; jokes, light entertainment
comitātus, -ūs m.escort, retinue, company
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
puer, puerī, m.boy
symphōniacus, -a, -umof music; puerī symphōniacī: slave musicians
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ancilla, -ae f.maidservant, slave girl
grex, gregis m.flock, herd; band, gang
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
scortum, -ī n.prostitute
exolētus, -a, -umgrown old, faded, worn out
lupa, -ae f.she-wolf; (slang) prostitute
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
vir, virī, m.man
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
cūr, adv.why
igitur, conj.therefore
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
quia (conj.)because
nōn, adv.not
viātor, -tōris, m.wayfarer, traveler
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
quamquam, conj.however much, although
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
imparātus, -a, -umunprepared
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
sīc, adv.so, thus
umquam, adv.ever
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
ferē, adv.nearly, about, almost, for the most part
quantum, adv.how much? how?
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
intereō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusperish, die
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
odium, -ī, n.hatred
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, think over
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
vīta, -ae, f.life
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
praemium, -ī, n.reward
prōpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say
paene, adv.almost, nearly
addīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictus(of omens) give assent, be favourable; award
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
custōdia, -ae f.guard, protection
prōiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow forth or down, cast away, throw
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
incertus, -a, -umuncertain, unreliable
exitus, -ūs m.way out; outcome, end
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
que, enclitic conj.and
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
saepe, adv.often, frequently
spoliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, rob
iam, adv.now, already
exsultō, -āre, -āvīleap up; exult, revel, run riot
ēvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusoverturn, overthrow, destroy
percellō, -ere, -culī, -culsusstrike down; dismay, crush
abiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow away
īnscītia, -ae f.ignorance, inexperience
prandeō, -ēre, prandī, prānsuseat breakfast or a midday meal
pōtō, -āre, -āvī, pōtusdrink, drink heavily
ōscitō, -āreyawn; be drowsy, be careless
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
tergum, -ī, n.back
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
interclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsumcut off, block
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātusdespair
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
fidēlis, -efaithful, loyal
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
expetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītusseek eagerly, desire
manus, -ūs, f.hand
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
scīlicet, adv.of course, naturally, evidently
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
perferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear through, bear, endure; weather
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
tormentum, -ī n.artillery, siege engine
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
via, -ae, f.road, way
cōnfiteor, -ērī, -fessus sumadmit, confess
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
opus, operis, n.work, task
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
an, conj.or (in questions)
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
tortor, -ōris m.torturer
factum, -ī n.deed, act
enim, conj.for
eculeus (equuleus), -ī m.the 'little horse', a rack for torture
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.