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Cicero · Pro Milone

Pro Milone 12

Who gained from Milo's death?

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Mil. 12.1Num quid igitur aliud in iūdicium venit nisi uter utrī īnsidiās fēcerit?Does anything else, then, come to judgement except which of the two laid an ambush for the other? Mil. 12.1Profectō nihil: sī hic illī, ut nē sit impūne;Certainly nothing: if Milo laid it for Clodius, let him not go unpunished; Mil. 12.1sī ille huic, tum nōs scelere solvāmur.if Clodius laid it for Milo, then let us be cleared of crime. Mil. 12.32Quōnam igitur pactō probārī potest īnsidiās Milōnī fēcisse Clōdium?How, then, can it be proved that Clodius laid an ambush for Milo? Mil. 12.32Satis est in illā quidem tam audācī, tam nefāriā bēluā docēre, magnam eī causam, magnam spem in Milōnis morte prōpositam, magnās ūtilitātēs fuisse.In the case of so bold and so wicked a beast it is enough to show that he had a strong motive, a strong hope, and great advantages set before him in the death of Milo. Mil. 12.32Itaque illud Cassiānum "cui bonō fuerit" in hīs persōnīs valeat, etsī bonī nūllō ēmolumentō impelluntur in fraudem, improbī saepe parvō.So let that famous maxim of Cassius, 'who stood to gain', hold good in the case of these persons, although good men are not driven to wrongdoing by any gain, while the wicked often are by a small one.

Mil. 12.32Atquī Milōne interfectō Clōdius haec adsequēbātur, nōn modo ut praetor esset nōn eō cōnsule quō sceleris facere nihil posset sed etiam ut eīs cōnsulibus praetor esset quibus sī nōn adiuvantibus, at cōnīventibus certē spērāret sē posse ēlūdere in illīs suīs cōgitātīs furōribus: cuius illī cōnātūs, ut ipse ratiōcinābātur, nec cuperent reprimere, sī possent, cum tantum beneficium eī sē dēbēre arbitrārentur, et, sī vellent, fortasse vix possent frangere hominis scelerātissimī conrōborātam iam vetustāte audāciam.And yet, with Milo killed, Clodius would gain this: not only that he would be praetor without having as consul the man under whom he could commit no crime, but also that he would be praetor under those consuls with whose connivance, if not their help, he hoped he could have free play in those mad schemes of his: for they, as he himself reasoned, would not wish to check his attempts, even if they could, since they believed they owed him so great a favour, and, if they did wish, would perhaps scarcely be able to break the audacity of a most criminal man, now strengthened by long habit.

Mil. 12.33An vērō, iūdicēs, vōs sōlī ignōrātis, vōs hospitēs in hāc urbe versāminī, vestrae peregrīnantur aurēs neque in hōc pervagātō cīvitātis sermōne versantur, quās ille lēgēs, sī lēgēs nōminandae sunt ac nōn facēs urbis, pestēs reī pūblicae, fuerit impositūrus nōbīs omnibus atque inūstūrus?Or are you alone ignorant, judges, are you strangers living in this city, are your ears travelling abroad and not present amid this widespread talk of the citizens, of what laws — if they are to be called laws and not firebrands for the city and plagues for the state — he was going to impose and brand upon us all? Mil. 12.33Exhibē, exhibē, quaesō, Sexte Clōdī, librārium illud lēgum vestrārum quod tē aiunt ēripuisse ē domō et ex mediīs armīs turbāque nocturnā tamquam Palladium sustulisse, ut praeclārum vidēlicet mūnus atque īnstrūmentum tribūnātūs ad aliquem, sī nactus essēs, quī tuō arbitriō tribūnātum gereret, dēferre possēs .Produce, produce, I beg you, Sextus Clodius, that notebook of your laws which they say you snatched from the house and carried off from amid the weapons and the crowd at night like the Palladium, so that, no doubt, you could hand on this splendid gift and instrument of the tribunate to someone, if you found one, who would hold the tribunate at your bidding.

Mil. 12.33Et aspēxit mē illīs quidem oculīs quibus tum solēbat cum omnibus omnia minābātur.And he looked at me with those very eyes with which he used to look when he threatened everyone with everything. Mil. 12.33Movet mē quippe lūmen cūriae!Of course I am moved by this light of the senate house!

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×3, indirect statement ×5, ablative absolute ×4, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (162 words)
num, adv., introducing a question to which a negative answer is expecteduntranslatable
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
igitur, conj.therefore
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
nisi, conj.if not, unless
uter, utra, utrumwhich? of two
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
sī, conj.if
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
impūne (adv.)without punishment
tum, adv.then, at that time
nōsplur. of ego
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
quōnam (adv.)by what way, how ever; quōnam modō: how ever, in what way
pactum, -ī n.agreement; quō pactō: in what way, how
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
tam, adv.so
audāx, -ācisbold, daring, reckless
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
bēlua, -ae, f.beast, monster
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
spēs, speī, f.hope
mors, mortīs, f.death
prōpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
Cassiānus, -a, -umof Cassius (bellum Cassiānum: the war in which Cassius died)
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
persōna, -ae f.mask; character, role; personal standing
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
etsī, conj.even if, although
bonus, -a, -umgood
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
ēmolumentum, -ī n.profit, advantage, gain
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
improbus, -a, -umwicked, shameless; persistent, relentless; as noun: rogue
saepe, adv.often, frequently
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
atquī (conj.)and yet, but, well then
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
adsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumovertake; gain, achieve
nōn, adv.not
modo, adv.only
praetor, -ōris m.praetor (legātus prō praetōre: officer with a praetor's powers)
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sed, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
adiuvō, -āre, adiūvī, adiūtumhelp, assist
at, conj.but
cōnīveō, -ēre, -nīvī/-nīxīclose the eyes; shut one's eyes to, overlook
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushope
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, think over
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
cōnātus, -ūs, m.attempt, effort
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
ratiōcinor, -ārī, -ātus sumcalculate, reckon; reason
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
reprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressumhold back, check
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
volō, velle, voluīwish
fortasse (adv.)perhaps
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctusbreak; dash to pieces, wreck
homō, hominis, m.man
scelerātus, -a, -umwicked, criminal
conrōborō (corrōborō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, make firm
iam, adv.now, already
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
audācia, -ae, f.boldness, audacity
an, conj.or (in questions)
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
vōsplur. of tū
sōlus, -a, -umalone
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe ignorant of
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
urbs, urbis, f.city
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
vester, -tra, -trumyour
peregrīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumtravel abroad, be a stranger
auris, -is, f.ear
pervagor, -ārī, -ātus sumroam about, range widely
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
lēx, lēgis f.law
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumname, mention
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
omnis, -eall, every
inūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustusburn in, brand
exhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusshow, display, present
quaesō (defective)I beg, please
librārium, -ī n.bookcase, book-chest
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
turba, -ae f.crowd
que, enclitic conj.and
nocturnus, -a, -umof night, nocturnal; nocturnum tempus, night-time
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
vidēlicet (adv.)clearly, evidently; (ironic) of course
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
īnstrūmentum, -ī n.tool, equipment; pl. gear, baggage
tribūnātus, -ūs m.tribuneship, office of tribune (military or of the people)
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
nancīscor, nancīscī, nactusget, obtain, find
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
arbitrium, -ī n.judgment, will, pleasure
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
oculus, -ī, m.eye
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
cum, prep, with abl.with
minor, -ārī, -ātus sumthreaten (someone: dat.; with something: abl.)
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
quippe (adv.)of course, indeed, for
lūmen, -minis, n.light
cūria, -ae f.senate house
Cicero, Pro Milone. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes II (Oxford, 1918), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.