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Cicero · Pro Caelio

Pro Caelio 29

Freed slaves and the law on violence

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Cael. 29.1At sunt servī illī dē cognātōrum sententiā, nōbilissimōrum et clārissimōrum hominum, manū missī.But those slaves have been freed on the advice of her relatives, most noble and most illustrious men. Cael. 29.1Tandem aliquid invēnimus quod ista mulier dē suōrum propinquōrum, fortissimōrum virōrum, sententiā atque auctōritāte fēcisse dīcātur.At last we have found something which that woman is said to have done on the advice and authority of her kinsmen, most valiant men. Cael. 29.1Sed scīre cupiō quid habeat argūmentī ista manūmissiō;But I want to know what this manumission proves; Cael. 29.1in quā aut crīmen est Caeliō quaesītum aut quaestiō sublāta aut multārum rērum cōnsciīs servīs cum causā praemium persolūtum.in which either a charge was contrived against Caelius, or an interrogation under torture was prevented, or a reward was paid, with good reason, to slaves privy to many things. Cael. 29.1"At propinquīs" inquit "placuit."'But her kinsmen', he says, 'approved.' Cael. 29.1Cūr nōn placēret, cum rem tūte ad eōs nōn ab aliīs tibi adlātam sed ā tē ipsā compertam dēferre dīcerēs?Why should they not approve, when you said that you were reporting to them a matter which had not been brought to you by others but discovered by you yourself?

Cael. 29.69Hīc etiam mīrāmur, sī illam commentīciam pyxidem obscēnissima sit fābula cōnsecūta?Are we surprised, then, if that fictitious box was followed by a most obscene story? Cael. 29.69Nihil est quod in eius modī mulierem nōn cadere videātur.There is nothing that does not seem to fit a woman of that kind. Cael. 29.69Audīta et percelebrāta sermōnibus rēs est.The story was heard and spread widely in gossip. Cael. 29.69Percipitis animīs, iūdicēs, iam dūdum quid velim vel potius quid nōlim dīcere.You have long been aware, judges, of what I wish, or rather what I do not wish, to say. Cael. 29.69Quod etiam sī est factum, certē ā Caeliō quidem nōn est factum — quid enim attinēbat?And even if it was done, it was certainly not done by Caelius — for what concern was it of his? — Cael. 29.69— est enim ab aliquō adulēscente fortasse nōn tam īnsulsō quam inverēcundō.for it was done by some young man, perhaps not so much witless as shameless. Cael. 29.69Sīn autem est fictum, nōn illud quidem modestum sed tamen est nōn īnfacētum mendācium;But if it was invented, it is not, indeed, a modest lie, but still not a witless one; Cael. 29.69quod profectō numquam hominum sermō atque opīniō comprobāsset, nisi omnia quae cum turpitūdine aliquā dīcerentur in istam quadrāre aptē vidērentur.which common talk and opinion would certainly never have accepted, unless everything that was said with any foulness seemed to fit that woman neatly.

Cael. 29.70Dicta est ā mē causa, iūdicēs, et perōrāta.My case has been stated, judges, and concluded. Cael. 29.70Iam intellegitis quantum iūdicium sustineātis, quanta rēs sit commissa vōbīs.Now you understand how important a judgement you bear, how great a matter has been entrusted to you. Cael. 29.70Dē vī quaeritis.You are inquiring into violence. Cael. 29.70Quae lēx ad imperium, ad maiestātem, ad statum patriae, ad salūtem omnium pertinet, quam lēgem Q. Catulus armātā dissēnsiōne cīvium reī pūblicae paene extrēmīs temporibus tulit, quaeque lēx sēdātā illā flammā cōnsulātūs meī fūmantīs reliquiās coniūrātiōnis exstīnxit, hāc nunc lēge Caelī adulēscentia nōn ad reī pūblicae poenās sed ad mulieris libīdinēs et dēliciās dēposcitur.That law which concerns the empire, the majesty, the standing of our country, the safety of all, the law which Quintus Catulus carried at a time of armed strife among citizens, when the state was almost in its last extremity, the law which, when that fire of my consulship had been quelled, put out the smouldering remains of the conspiracy — by this law the youth of Caelius is now demanded, not to pay a penalty to the state, but to serve the lusts and pleasures of a woman.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (153 words)
at, conj.but
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
cognātus, -ī m.kinsman, relative
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
homō, hominis, m.man
manus, -ūs, f.hand
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
fortis, -ebrave
vir, virī, m.man
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
sed, conj.but
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
argūmentum, -ī n.proof, evidence
manūmissiō, -ōnis f.freeing of a slave, manumission
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
quaestiō, -ōnis f.inquiry, examination
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
cōnscius, -a, -umaware, conscious (of)
cum, prep, with abl.with
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
praemium, -ī, n.reward
persolvō, -solvere, -solvī, -solūtuspay completely, pay
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
cūr, adv.why
nōn, adv.not
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
sī, conj.if
commentīcius, -a, -uminvented, made up, fictitious
pyxis, -idis f.small box, casket (for medicines, cosmetics)
obscēnus, -a, -umill-omened, foul, loathsome
fābula, -ae, f.story
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
percelebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspread widely, make widely talked of
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
percipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusfeel
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
iam, adv.now, already
dūdum, adv.formerly, of old; iam dūdum, this long time
volō, velle, voluīwish
velor; vel … vel: either … or
potius (adv.)rather
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
enim, conj.for
attineō (adtineō), -ēre, -tinuī, -tentumhold fast; concern, matter (nihil attinet: it is no use, there is no point)
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
fortasse (adv.)perhaps
tam, adv.so
īnsulsus, -a, -umunsalted, tasteless
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
inverēcundus, -a, -umshameless, immodest, impudent
sīn (conj.)but if
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
modestus, -a, -ummoderate, restrained, modest
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
īnfacētus, -a, -umdull, witless, without humour
mendācium, -ī n.lie, falsehood
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
numquam, adv.never
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
comprobō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusapprove; confirm, prove right
nisi, conj.if not, unless
omnis, -eall, every
turpitūdō, -inis f.disgrace
quadrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake square; fit, suit, square with; (of rows) run straight
aptē (adv.)fitly, suitably
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
perōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfinish a speech; speak to the end
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle
vōsplur. of tū
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
lēx, lēgis f.law
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
maiestās, -ātis f.greatness, dignity, majesty
status, -ūs m.condition, state
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
quīntus, -a, -umfifth
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
dissēnsiō, -ōnis f.disagreement, quarrel
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
paene, adv.almost, nearly
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussettle, calm, put down
flamma, -ae, f.flame
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
fūmō, -āresmoke, give off smoke
reliquiae, -ārum f. pl.remains, what is left over, leftovers
coniūrātiō, -ōnis f.conspiracy
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nunc, adv.now
adulēscentia, -ae, f.youth
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
dēliciae, -ārum f. pl.delights, luxuries, pleasures
dēposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand, call for
Cicero, Pro Caelio. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.