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Cicero · Pro Caelio

Pro Caelio 28

Cross-examining the woman's friends

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Cael. 28.1Quaerō enim cūr Licinium titubantem, haesitantem, cēdentem, fugere cōnantem mulierāria manus ista dē manibus ēmīserit, cūr nōn comprenderint, cūr nōn ipsīus cōnfessiōne, multōrum oculīs, facinoris dēnique vōce tantī sceleris crīmen expresserint.For I ask why that womanish band let Licinius slip from their hands as he faltered, hesitated, retreated, tried to flee, why they did not seize him, why they did not extract the charge of so great a crime by his own confession, by the eyes of many, in short, by the very voice of the deed. Cael. 28.1An timēbant nē tot ūnum, valentēs imbēcillum, alacrēs perterritum superāre nōn possent?Or were they afraid that so many could not overpower one, the strong a weakling, the eager a man terrified? Cael. 28.1Nūllum argūmentum in rē, nūlla suspīciō in causā, nūllus exitus crīminis reperiētur.No proof will be found in the matter, no suspicion in the case, no outcome to the charge. Cael. 28.1Itaque haec causa ab argūmentīs, ā coniectūrā, ab eīs signīs quibus vēritās inlūstrārī solet ad testīs tōta trāducta est.And so this case has been transferred entirely from arguments, from inference, from those signs by which truth is usually brought to light, to witnesses.

Cael. 28.1Quōs quidem ego, iūdicēs, testīs nōn modo sine ūllō timōre sed etiam cum aliquā spē dēlectātiōnis exspectō.These witnesses, judges, I await not only without any fear but even with some hope of amusement. Cael. 28.67Praegestit animus iam vidēre, prīmum lautōs iuvenēs mulieris beātae ac nōbilis familiāris, deinde fortīs virōs ab imperātrīce in īnsidiīs atque in praesidiō balneārum conlocātōs.My mind is already eager to see, first, the elegant young men, intimates of a rich and noble woman, and then the brave men posted by their lady general in ambush and as a garrison of the baths. Cael. 28.67Ex quibus requīram quem ad modum latuerint aut ubi, alveusne ille an equus Trōiānus fuerit quī tot invictōs virōs muliebre bellum gerentīs tulerit ac tēxerit.Of them I shall ask how or where they hid, whether it was a bathtub or a Trojan horse that carried and concealed so many unconquered men waging a woman's war. Cael. 28.67Illud vērō respondēre cōgam, cūr tot virī ac tālēs hunc et ūnum et tam imbēcillum quem vidētis nōn aut stantem comprehenderint aut fugientem cōnsecūtī sint;This, indeed, I shall force them to answer: why so many men, and men of such quality, did not either seize this man, alone and as frail as you see him, while he stood, or catch him as he fled; Cael. 28.67quī sē numquam profectō, sī in istum locum prōcesserint, explicābunt.who will certainly never extricate themselves, if they come forward into that place.

Cael. 28.67Quam volent in convīviīs facētī, dicācēs, nōn numquam etiam ad vīnum disertī sint, alia forī vīs est, alia triclīnī, alia subselliōrum ratiō, alia lectōrum;However witty and sharp-tongued they may be at banquets, and sometimes even eloquent over the wine, the forum has one force, the dining room another, the benches of the court one manner, the couches another; Cael. 28.67nōn īdem iūdicum cōmissātōrumque cōnspectus;the gaze of judges and of revellers is not the same; Cael. 28.67lūx dēnique longē alia est sōlis, alia lychnōrum.and, in short, the light of the sun is far different from that of lamps. Cael. 28.67Quam ob rem excutiēmus omnīs istōrum dēliciās, omnīs ineptiās, sī prōdierint.Therefore we shall shake out all their fripperies, all their follies, if they come forward. Cael. 28.67Sed mē audiant, nāvent aliam operam, aliam ineant grātiam, in aliīs sē rēbus ostentent, vigeant apud istam mulierem venustāte, dominentur sūmptibus, haereant, iaceant, dēserviant;But let them listen to me: let them busy themselves with other work, seek favour in other ways, show off in other matters, let them prosper with that woman through their charm, lord it through their spending, let them cling to her, lie at her feet, be her slaves; Cael. 28.67capitī vērō innocentis fortūnīsque parcant.but let them spare the life and fortunes of an innocent man.

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Latin vocabulary for this passage (172 words)
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
enim, conj.for
cūr, adv.why
titubō, -āretotter, stagger
haesitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushesitate
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
mulierārius, -a, -umof a woman, hired by a woman
manus, -ūs, f.hand
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
ēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend out or forth
nōn, adv.not
comprehendō, -prehendere, -prehendī, -prehēnsusseize, catch
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cōnfessiō, -ōnis f.confession, admission
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
oculus, -ī, m.eye
facinus, facinoris, n.deed, crime
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
exprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress out
an, conj.or (in questions)
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
tot (indecl.)so many
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
imbēcillus, -a, -umweak, feeble
alacer, -cris, -creeager, keen
perterreō, -terrēre, -terrui, -territusthoroughly frighten, terrify
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
argūmentum, -ī n.proof, evidence
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
exitus, -ūs m.way out; outcome, end
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
coniectūra, -ae f.guess, inference
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
inlūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslight up; bring to light, reveal
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
testis, -is m./f.witness
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
trādūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead across
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
modo, adv.only
sine, prep. with abl.without
ūllus, -a, -umany
timor, -ōris, m.fear
sed, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
cum, prep, with abl.with
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
spēs, speī, f.hope
dēlectātiō, -ōnis f.delight, pleasure, enjoyment
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
praegestiō, -īrebe very eager, long beforehand
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
iam, adv.now, already
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautuswash; passive: bathe
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
beātus, -a, -umhappy, blessed
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
familiāris, -e; as noun, -is m.of the household (rēs familiāris: private property); friend
deinde, adv.then, next
fortis, -ebrave
vir, virī, m.man
imperātrīx, -īcis f.female commander, mistress (ironic)
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
balneae, -ārum f. pl.public baths, bathhouse
conlocō, -locāre, -locāvī, -locātusplace together, put, place
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
alveus, -ī m.hollow vessel; trough, tub; river bed
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
equus, -ī, m.horse
Trōiānus, -a, -umTrojan
invictus, -a, -umunconquered, unbeaten
muliebris, -eof a woman, womanly; (n. pl.) a woman's part
bellum, -ī, n.war
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
tālis, -esuch
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tam, adv.so
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
numquam, adv.never
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
sī, conj.if
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
explicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusunfold, spread out; set out, explain
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
volō, velle, voluīwish
convīvium, -ī n.banquet, dinner party
facētus, -a, -umwitty, clever; elegant, fine
dicāx, -āciswitty, sharp-tongued, sarcastic
vīnum, -ī, n.wine
disertus, -a, -umeloquent, skilled in speaking
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
triclīnium, -ī n.dining couch (for three); dining room
subsellium, -ī n.bench, seat (in the senate or courts)
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
lectus, -ī m.bed, couch
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
cōmissātor, -ōris m.reveller, carouser
que, enclitic conj.and
cōnspectus, -ūs, m.sight
lūx, lūcis, f.light
longē, adv.far
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
lychnus, -ī m.lamp
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
excutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake off, shake out
omnis, -eall, every
dēliciae, -ārum f. pl.delights, luxuries, pleasures
ineptiae, -ārum f. pl.silliness, absurdities, trifles, nonsense
prōdeō, -īre, prōdiī, prōditumgo forward, come out
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
nāvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdo with energy (operam nāvāre: do one's best)
opera, -ae, f.effort, work, labor
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
ostentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshow, display; show off
vigeō, -ēre, -uībe strong, thrive, flourish
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
venustās, -ātis f.charm, grace, beauty
dominor, -ārī, -ātus sumbe master, rule
sūmptus, -ūs m.expense
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
dēserviō, -īreserve, be at hand for
caput, capitis, n.head
innocēns, -entisharmless; innocent
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsūrusspare, show mercy to (+ dat.)
Cicero, Pro Caelio. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.