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Cicero · Pro Caelio

Pro Caelio 26

The witnesses who hid in the baths

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Cael. 26.1Quae quidem omnia, iūdicēs, perfacilem ratiōnem habent reprendendī.All this, judges, is very easy to refute. Cael. 26.1Cūr enim potissimum balneās pūblicās cōnstituerat?For why had she fixed on public baths, of all places? Cael. 26.1in quibus nōn inveniō quae latebra togātīs hominibus esse posset.in which I cannot find what hiding-place there could be for men wearing the toga. Cael. 26.1Nam sī essent in vestibulō balneārum, nōn latērent;For if they were in the entrance hall of the baths, they would not be hidden; Cael. 26.1sīn sē in intimum conicere vellent, nec satis commodē calceātī et vestītī id facere possent et fortasse nōn reciperentur, nisi forte mulier potēns quadrantāria illā permūtātiōne familiāris facta erat balneātōrī.but if they wanted to thrust themselves into the inner part, they could not do so conveniently enough in their shoes and clothes, and perhaps they would not be admitted, unless perhaps the powerful lady had become friendly with the bath-keeper through that quarter-penny transaction. Cael. 26.63Atque equidem vehementer exspectābam quīnam istī virī bonī testēs huius manifēstō dēprehēnsī venēnī dīcerentur;And indeed I was eagerly waiting to hear who on earth would be named as those good men, the witnesses of this poison caught red-handed; Cael. 26.63nūllī enim sunt adhūc nōminātī.for none has been named so far.

Cael. 26.63Sed nōn dubitō quīn sint pergravēs, quī prīmum sint tālis fēminae familiārēs, deinde eam prōvinciam suscēperint ut in balneās contrūderentur, quod illa nisi ā virīs honestissimīs ac plēnissimīs dignitātis, quam velit sit potēns, numquam impetrāvisset.But I do not doubt that they are very weighty men, since first they are intimates of such a woman, and secondly they undertook that assignment of being crammed into the baths, a thing which she would never have obtained, however powerful she may be, except from men of the highest respectability and the fullest dignity. Cael. 26.63Sed quid ego dē dignitāte istōrum testium loquor?But why do I speak of the dignity of these witnesses? Cael. 26.63virtūtem eōrum dīligentiamque cognōscite.learn of their courage and their diligence. Cael. 26.63"In balneīs dēlituērunt."'They hid in the baths.' Cael. 26.63Testīs ēgregiōs!Splendid witnesses! Cael. 26.63"Dein temerē prōsiluērunt."'Then they rashly leapt out.' Cael. 26.63Hominēs temperantīs!Self-controlled men! Cael. 26.63Sīc enim fingitis, cum Licinius vēnisset, pyxidem tenēret in manū, cōnārētur trādere, nōndum trādidisset, tum repente ēvolāsse istōs praeclārōs testīs sine nōmine;For this is your story: that when Licinius had come, was holding the box in his hand, was trying to hand it over, but had not yet handed it over, then suddenly these splendid nameless witnesses flew out; Cael. 26.63Licinium autem, cum iam manum ad trādendam pyxidem porrēxisset, retrāxisse atque ex illō repentīnō hominum impetū sē in fugam coniēcisse.but that Licinius, when he had already stretched out his hand to hand over the box, drew it back and, at that sudden rush of men, took to flight.

Cael. 26.63Ō magnam vim vēritātis, quae contrā hominum ingenia, calliditātem, sollertiam contrāque fictās omnium īnsidiās facile sē per sē ipsa dēfendat!O the great power of truth, which against the cleverness, cunning and ingenuity of men, and against the contrived plots of all, easily defends itself by itself!

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (138 words)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
omnis, -eall, every
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
perfacilis, -every easy
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
reprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsumblame, criticise
cūr, adv.why
enim, conj.for
potissimum (adv.)above all, in preference to all others
balneae, -ārum f. pl.public baths, bathhouse
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
nōn, adv.not
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
togātus, -a, -umwearing the toga; Gallia togata: Gaul this side of the Alps, whose people had Roman citizenship
homō, hominis, m.man
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nam, conj.for
sī, conj.if
vestibulum, -ī n.forecourt, entrance hall
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
sīn (conj.)but if
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
intimus, -a, -uminnermost; most intimate; as noun: close friend
coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow together; throw, cast, hurl
volō, velle, voluīwish
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
commodē (adv.)conveniently, easily, well
calceō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput shoes on, shoe
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
vestiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītumclothe, dress
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
fortasse (adv.)perhaps
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
nisi, conj.if not, unless
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
potēns, -entispowerful
quadrantārius, -a, -umcosting a quarter-as; (of a woman) cheap, to be had for a farthing (pun on the bath fee)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
permūtātiō, -ōnis f.exchange, barter; change, alteration
familiāris, -e; as noun, -is m.of the household (rēs familiāris: private property); friend
balneātor, -ōris m.bath-keeper, bath attendant
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
equidem (adv.)indeed, truly; for my part
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
quisnam, quaenam, quidnam, interrog. pron.who, which, or what, pray? who? which? what?
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
vir, virī, m.man
bonus, -a, -umgood
testis, -is m./f.witness
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
manifēstō (adv.)clearly, red-handed
dēprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsuscatch, seize, overtake; detect
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumname, mention
sed, conj.but
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
pergravis, -every weighty, very serious, very important
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
tālis, -esuch
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
deinde, adv.then, next
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
contrūdō, -ere, -trūsī, -trūsusthrust together, crowd in, push in
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
plēnus, -a, -umfull
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
numquam, adv.never
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
dīligentia, -ae, f.care, diligence, industry
que, enclitic conj.and
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
dēlitēscō, -ere, -lituīhide oneself, lie hidden
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
temerē, adv.rashly
prōsiliō, -īre, -siluīleap forward, rush out
temperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum (ab + abl.)refrain (from)
sīc, adv.so, thus
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
pyxis, -idis f.small box, casket (for medicines, cosmetics)
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
manus, -ūs, f.hand
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
nōndum, adv.not yet
tum, adv.then, at that time
repente (adv.)suddenly
ēvolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfly out, rush out
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
sine, prep. with abl.without
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
iam, adv.now, already
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
porrigō, -ere, -rēxī, -rēctusstretch out, hold out, hand
retrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumdrag back
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
repentīnus, -a, -umsudden
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
fuga, -ae, f.flight
ō (interj.)O! oh!
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
calliditās, -ātis f.shrewdness, cunning
sollertia, -ae f.ingenuity, resourcefulness
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
facile, adv.easily
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
Cicero, Pro Caelio. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.