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Cicero · Pro Caelio

Pro Caelio 18

Some licence for youth

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Cael. 18.1Ergō haec dēserta via et inculta atque interclūsa iam frondibus et virgultīs relinquātur.So let this road be abandoned, deserted and untended and now blocked with leaves and brushwood. Cael. 18.1Dētur aliquī lūdus aetātī;Let some play be granted to youth; Cael. 18.1sit adulēscentia līberior;let young manhood be freer; Cael. 18.1nōn omnia voluptātibus dēnegentur;let not everything be denied to pleasures; Cael. 18.1nōn semper superet vēra illa et dērēcta ratiō;let not that true and straight reason always prevail; Cael. 18.1vincat aliquandō cupiditās voluptāsque ratiōnem, dum modo illa in hōc genere praescrīptiō moderātiōque teneātur.let desire and pleasure sometimes overcome reason, provided only that this rule and restraint is kept in such matters. Cael. 18.1Parcat iuventūs pudīcitiae suae, nē spoliet aliēnam, nē effundat patrimōnium, nē faenore trucīdētur, nē incurrat in alterīus domum atque familiam, nē probrum castīs, lābem integrīs, īnfāmiam bonīs īnferat, nē quem vī terreat, nē intersit īnsidiīs, scelere careat.Let youth spare its own chastity, let it not despoil another's, let it not squander its inheritance, let it not be butchered by interest, let it not assail another man's house and household, let it not bring disgrace on the chaste, stain on the upright, infamy on the good, let it terrify no one by force, let it take no part in plots, let it keep clear of crime.

Cael. 18.1Postrēmō cum pāruerit voluptātibus, dederit aliquid temporis ad lūdum aetātis atque ad inānīs hāsce adulēscentiae cupiditātēs, revocet sē aliquandō ad cūram reī domesticae, reī forēnsis reīque pūblicae, ut ea quae ratiōne anteā nōn perspexerat satietāte abiēcisse et experiendō contempsisse videātur.Finally, when it has given way to pleasures and devoted some time to the amusements of its age and to these empty desires of youth, let it at some point call itself back to the care of household affairs, of the forum, and of the state, so that what it had not seen through by reason before, it may seem to have cast aside through satiety and to have come to despise through experience. Cael. 18.43Ac multī quidem et nostrā et patrum maiōrumque memoriā, iūdicēs, summī hominēs et clārissimī cīvēs fuērunt quōrum, cum adulēscentiae cupiditātēs dēfervissent, eximiae virtūtēs firmātā iam aetāte exstitērunt.And many indeed, judges, both within our own memory and that of our fathers and ancestors, have been very great men and most distinguished citizens whose outstanding virtues, once the desires of youth had cooled, came to light when their age was now settled.

Cael. 18.43Ex quibus nēminem mihi libet nōmināre;Of these I do not care to name anyone; Cael. 18.43vōsmet vōbīscum recordāminī.call them to mind among yourselves. Cael. 18.43Nōlō enim cuiusquam fortis atque inlūstris virī nē minimum quidem errātum cum maximā laude coniungere.For I do not wish to join even the smallest lapse of any brave and illustrious man with his very great glory. Cael. 18.43Quod sī facere vellem, multī ā mē summī atque ōrnātissimī virī praedicārentur quōrum partim nimia lībertās in adulēscentiā, partim profūsa luxuriēs, magnitūdō aeris aliēnī, sūmptūs, libīdinēs nōminārentur, quae multīs posteā virtūtibus obtēcta adulēscentiae quī vellet excūsātiōne dēfenderet.But if I wished to do so, many very great and highly honoured men would be cited by me, of whom some had excessive licence in their youth, others lavish extravagance, a mass of debt, expenditure and lusts would be named, things which, covered afterwards by many virtues, anyone who wished might defend with the excuse of youth.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (148 words)
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dēsertus, -a, -umdeserted
via, -ae, f.road, way
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
incultus, -a, -umuntilled, uncultivated; wild, rough
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
interclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsumcut off, block
iam, adv.now, already
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
virgultum, -ī n.brushwood, thicket
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
lūdus, -ī, m.game, sport
aetās, -tātis, f.age
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
adulēscentia, -ae, f.youth
līber, lībera, līberumfree
nōn, adv.not
omnis, -eall, every
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
dēnegō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumrefuse
semper, adv.always
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dērēctus, -a, -um (= dīrēctus)straight, direct
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
que, enclitic conj.and
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
modo, adv.only
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
praescrīptiō, -ōnis f.heading, title; pretext, excuse
moderātiō, -ōnis f.restraint, moderation, self-control; control, management
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsūrusspare, show mercy to (+ dat.)
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
pudīcitia, -ae f.chastity, modesty
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
spoliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, rob
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
patrimōnium, -ī n.inheritance, family estate
faenus (fēnus), -oris n.interest on money, usury; moneylending
trucīdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusslaughter, butcher
incurrō, -ere, -currī, -cursumrun (into), charge, rush at
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
probrum, -ī n.disgrace, shame; probrō habērī: be counted a disgrace
castus, -a, -umpure, chaste, spotless
lābēs, -is f.fall; stain, disgrace; the first slip into ruin
integer, -gra, -grumuntouched, fresh, whole
īnfāmia, -ae f.disgrace, dishonor
bonus, -a, -umgood
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
terreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten, terrify
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
careō, -ēre, -uībe without, lack (+ abl.)
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
inānis, -eempty
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
domesticus, -a, -umof one's own home, domestic
forēnsis, -eof the forum, of public business and the law courts
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
anteā, adv.before
perspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumsee clearly, observe
satietās, -ātis f.fullness, satiety; weariness, disgust
abiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow away
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
noster, -tra, -trumour
pater, patris, m.father
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
memoria, -ae, f.memory
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
homō, hominis, m.man
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
dēfervēscō, -ere, -fervīcease boiling, cool down, calm down
eximius, -a, -umoutstanding, exceptional
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
exsistō, -ere, -stitīcome forth, arise; appear
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
libet, -ēre, libuit (impers.)it pleases; mihi libet: I like, I want
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumname, mention
vōsplur. of tū
recordor, -ārī, -ātus sumcall to mind, remember
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
enim, conj.for
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
fortis, -ebrave
illūstris, -edistinguished, noble
vir, virī, m.man
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
errātum, -ī n.a mistake, error, lapse
cum, prep, with abl.with
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
quod, conj.that, in that, because
sī, conj.if
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
volō, velle, voluīwish
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
ōrnātus, -a, -umequipped, fitted out
praedicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumproclaim; boast of
partim (adv.)partly (partim … partim: some … others)
nimius, -a, -umexcessive, too great
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
profūsus, -a, -umlavish, extravagant (with: gen.)
luxuriēs, -ēī f.luxury, extravagance
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
sūmptus, -ūs m.expense
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
obtegō, -ere, -tēxī, -tēctuscover over, conceal
excūsātiō, -ōnis f.excuse, plea
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
Cicero, Pro Caelio. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.