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Cicero · De Imperio Cn. Pompei

De Imperio Cn. Pompei 5

The honour of Rome at stake

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Man. 5.1Maiōrēs nostrī saepe prō mercātōribus aut nāviculāriīs nostrīs iniūriōsius trāctātīs bella gessērunt;Our ancestors often waged wars because our merchants or shipowners had been treated rather unjustly; Man. 5.1vōs tot mīlibus cīvium Rōmānōrum ūnō nūntiō atque ūnō tempore necātīs quō tandem animō esse dēbētis?what spirit, then, ought you to have, when so many thousands of Roman citizens have been killed by a single message and at a single moment? Man. 5.1Lēgātī quod erant appellātī superbius, Corinthum patrēs vestrī tōtīus Graeciae lūmen exstīnctum esse voluērunt;Because their envoys had been addressed rather arrogantly, your fathers wanted Corinth, the light of all Greece, to be extinguished; Man. 5.1vōs eum rēgem inultum esse patiēminī quī lēgātum populī Rōmānī cōnsulārem vinculīs ac verberibus atque omnī suppliciō excruciātum necāvit?will you allow that king to go unpunished who killed an envoy of the Roman people, a man of consular rank, after torturing him with chains and scourges and every kind of torment? Man. 5.1Illī lībertātem imminūtam cīvium Rōmānōrum nōn tulērunt;They would not tolerate the freedom of Roman citizens being curtailed; Man. 5.1vōs ēreptam vītam neglegētis?will you disregard their lives being snatched away?

Man. 5.1Iūs lēgātiōnis verbō violātum illī persecūtī sunt;They avenged the rights of an embassy violated by a word; Man. 5.1vōs lēgātum omnī suppliciō interfectum relinquētis?will you let pass an envoy put to death with every torment? Man. 5.12Vidēte nē, ut illīs pulcherrimum fuit tantam vōbīs imperī glōriam trādere, sīc vōbīs turpissimum sit id quod accēpistis tuērī et cōnservāre nōn posse.Take care that, just as it was most glorious for them to hand down to you so great a glory of empire, it may not be most shameful for you to be unable to protect and preserve what you have received. Man. 5.12Quid?What then? Man. 5.12quod salūs sociōrum summum in perīculum ac discrīmen vocātur, quō id tandem animō ferre dēbētis?when the safety of allies is summoned into the gravest peril and crisis, with what spirit ought you to bear it? Man. 5.12Regnō est expulsus Ariobarzānēs rēx, socius populī Rōmānī atque amīcus;King Ariobarzanes, an ally and friend of the Roman people, has been driven from his kingdom; Man. 5.12imminent duo rēgēs tōtī Asiae nōn sōlum vōbīs inimīcissimī sed etiam vestrīs sociīs atque amīcīs;two kings are threatening the whole of Asia, most hostile not only to you but also to your allies and friends; Man. 5.12cīvitātēs autem omnēs cūnctā Asiā atque Graeciā vestrum auxilium exspectāre propter perīculī magnitūdinem cōguntur;and all the cities throughout Asia and Greece are forced by the size of the danger to look to you for help; Man. 5.12imperātōrem ā vōbīs certum dēposcere, cum praesertim vōs alium mīserītis, neque audent neque id sē facere sine summō perīculō posse arbitrantur.they neither dare to demand a particular commander from you, especially since you have sent another, nor think they can do so without the greatest danger.

Man. 5.13Vident enim et sentiunt hoc idem quod vōs, ūnum virum esse in quō summa sint omnia, et eum propter esse, quō etiam carent aegrius;For they see and feel the same thing as you do, that there is one man in whom all qualities are at their highest, and that he is close at hand, which makes them feel his absence the more keenly; Man. 5.13cuius adventū ipsō atque nōmine, tametsī ille ad maritimum bellum vēnerit, tamen impetūs hostium repressōs esse intellegunt ac retardātōs.and they realise that by his very arrival and name, although he came for the war at sea, the attacks of the enemy have been checked and slowed. Man. 5.13Hī vōs, quoniam līberē loquī nōn licet, tacitī rogant ut sē quoque dignōs exīstimētis quōrum salūtem tālī virō commendētis, atque hōc etiam magis quod cēterās in prōvinciās eius modī hominēs cum imperiō mittimus ut, etiam sī ab hoste dēfendant, tamen ipsōrum adventus in urbis sociōrum nōn multum ab hostīlī expugnātiōne differant, hunc audiēbant anteā, nunc praesentem vident tantā temperantiā, tantā mānsuētūdine, tantā hūmānitāte ut eī beātissimī esse videantur apud quōs ille diūtissimē commorētur.These men, since they may not speak freely, silently ask you to think them also worthy of having their safety entrusted to such a man, and all the more because, whereas into the other provinces we send men with military command of such a kind that, even if they defend them from the enemy, their own arrivals in the cities of the allies differ little from a hostile storming, this man they used to hear of before and now see in person as one of such restraint, such gentleness, such humanity that those with whom he stays longest seem the happiest of all.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×8

Latin vocabulary for this passage (172 words)
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
noster, -tra, -trumour
saepe, adv.often, frequently
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
mercātor, -ōris, m.trader, merchant
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
nāviculārius, -ī m.shipowner, shipper
iniūriōsē (adv.)unjustly, wrongfully, outrageously
trāctō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushandle, touch, feel
bellum, -ī, n.war
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
vōsplur. of tū
tot (indecl.)so many
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
quod, conj.that, in that, because
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
superbē (adv.)proudly, arrogantly
pater, patris, m.father
vester, -tra, -trumyour
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
lūmen, -minis, n.light
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
volō, velle, voluīwish
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
rēx, rēgis, m.king
inultus, -a, -umunavenged; unpunished
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
populus, -ī m.people, nation
cōnsulāris, -eof a consul, consular; as noun: ex-consul; comitia cōnsulāria: the consular elections
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
verber, -eris n.lash, whip; (pl.) a flogging
omnis, -eall, every
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
excruciō, -cruciāre, -cruciāvī, cruciātustorture
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
imminuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtuslessen, diminish; passive: go down
nōn, adv.not
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
vīta, -ae, f.life
neglegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusdisregard, neglect
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
lēgātiō, -ōnis f.embassy, mission
verbum, -ī, n.word
violō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusharm, violate
persequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, pursue
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
glōria, -ae, f.glory
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
sīc, adv.so, thus
turpis, -edisgraceful
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātuspreserve, keep
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
immineō, -ērehang over; threaten, be close at hand
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
sed, conj.but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
dēposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand, call for
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
praesertim (adv.)especially
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
sine, prep. with abl.without
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
enim, conj.for
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
vir, virī, m.man
careō, -ēre, -uībe without, lack (+ abl.)
aegrē, adv.ill, with difficulty
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
tametsī (conj.)although
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
reprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressumhold back, check
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
retardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushold back, slow down, check
quoniam, conj.since now, since
līberē (adv.; comp. līberius)freely, frankly
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
quoque, adv.also
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
tālis, -esuch
commendō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusentrust, commit; recommend
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
homō, hominis, m.man
cum, prep, with abl.with
sī, conj.if
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
urbs, urbis, f.city
multum, -ī, n.much
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
expugnātiō, -ōnis f.taking by storm, capture
differō, differre, distulī, dīlātumdiffer; scatter, put off
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
anteā, adv.before
nunc, adv.now
praesēns, -sentis, adj.present, immediate, imminent
temperantia, -ae f.self-control
mānsuētūdō, -inis f.gentleness, mercy
hūmānitās, -tātis f.culture, refinement
beātus, -a, -umhappy, blessed
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
commoror, -morārī, -morātustarry, linger, delay, stay
Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.