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Cicero · De Imperio Cn. Pompei

De Imperio Cn. Pompei 3

The unavenged massacre of Romans

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Man. 3.1Et quoniam semper appetentēs glōriae praeter cēterās gentīs atque avidī laudis fuistis, dēlenda vōbīs est illa macula Mithridāticō bellō superiōre concepta quae penitus iam īnsēdit ac nimis inveterāvit in populī Rōmānī nōmine, quod is quī ūnō diē tōtā in Asiā tot in cīvitātibus ūnō nūntiō atque ūnā significātiōne omnīs cīvīs Rōmānōs necandōs trucīdandōsque cūrāvit, nōn modo adhūc poenam nūllam suō dignam scelere suscēpit sed ab illō tempore annum iam tertium et vīcēsimum regnat, et ita regnat ut sē nōn Pontī neque Cappadociae latebrīs occultāre velit sed ēmergere ex patriō regnō atque in vestrīs vectīgālibus, hoc est in Asiae lūce, versārī.And since you have always been, beyond all other nations, eager for glory and greedy for praise, you must wipe out that stain contracted in the earlier Mithridatic war, which has now sunk deep and grown too old in the name of the Roman people: that the man who on a single day, throughout all Asia, in so many cities, by a single message and a single signal, had all Roman citizens killed and butchered, has not only so far suffered no punishment worthy of his crime, but is now in the twenty-third year of his reign since that time, and reigns in such a way that he does not wish to hide in the recesses of Pontus or Cappadocia but to break out of his ancestral kingdom and move about among your revenues, that is, in the full light of Asia.

Man. 3.8Etenim adhūc ita nostrī cum illō rēge contendērunt imperātōrēs ut ab illō īnsignia victōriae, nōn victōriam reportārent.Indeed, up to now our commanders have contended with that king in such a way that they brought back from him the trappings of victory, not victory. Man. 3.8Triumphāvit Sulla, triumphāvit Mūrēna dē Mithridāte, duo fortissimī virī et summī imperātōrēs, sed ita triumphārunt ut ille pulsus superātusque regnāret.Sulla triumphed, Murena triumphed over Mithridates, two very brave men and outstanding commanders, but they triumphed in such a way that he, though beaten and overcome, went on reigning. Man. 3.8Vērum tamen illīs imperātōribus laus est tribuenda quod ēgērunt, venia danda quod relīquērunt, proptereā quod ab eō bellō Sullam in Ītaliam rēs pūblica, Mūrēnam Sulla revocāvit.Even so, those commanders must be given praise for what they did and pardon for what they left undone, because the state recalled Sulla from that war to Italy, and Sulla recalled Murena.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×5

Latin vocabulary for this passage (105 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quoniam, conj.since now, since
semper, adv.always
appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītusdraw near
glōria, -ae, f.glory
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dēleō, -ēre, dēlēvī, dēlētumdestroy, wipe out
vōsplur. of tū
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
macula, -ae f.spot, blotch, stain
Mithridāticus, -a, -umof Mithridates, king of Pontus; bellum Mithridāticum: the war against him
bellum, -ī, n.war
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
concipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake in, conceive; plan, imagine
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
penitus (adv.)deep within, far inside
iam, adv.now, already
īnsīdō, -ere, -sēdī, -sessussettle on; become fixed in
nimis (adv.)too much, too
inveterō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake old; (intrans.) grow old, become seasoned
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
quod, conj.that, in that, because
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
tot (indecl.)so many
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
significātiō, -ōnis f.signal
omnis, -eall, every
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
trucīdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusslaughter, butcher
que, enclitic conj.and
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
nōn, adv.not
modo, adv.only
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
suscipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptusundertake
sed, conj.but
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
annus, -ī, m.year
tertius, -a, -umthird
vīcēsimus, -a, -umtwentieth
regnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreign, rule
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
occultō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhide, conceal
volō, velle, voluīwish
ēmergō, -mergere, -mersī, -mersusrise out, come up; get clear (of trouble)
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
vester, -tra, -trumyour
vectīgal, -ālis n.tax, revenue
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
lūx, lūcis, f.light
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
etenim (conj.)for indeed, and in fact
noster, -tra, -trumour
cum, prep, with abl.with
rēx, rēgis, m.king
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
īnsigne, -is n.badge, mark, decoration
victōria, -ae, f.victory
reportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātuscarry or bring back
triumphō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscelebrate a triumph; exult
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
fortis, -ebrave
vir, virī, m.man
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
tribuō, -ere, tribuī, tribūtumassign, attribute
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
venia, -ae f.pardon, forgiveness
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
proptereāfor this reason; proptereā quod: because
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.