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Cicero · De Imperio Cn. Pompei

De Imperio Cn. Pompei 22

Roman greed in the provinces

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Man. 22.1Quā rē videant nē sit perinīquum et nōn ferendum illōrum auctōritātem dē Pompēī dignitāte ā vōbīs comprobātam semper esse, vestrum ab illīs dē eōdem homine iūdicium populīque Rōmānī auctōritātem improbārī, praesertim cum iam suō iūre populus Rōmānus in hōc homine suam auctōritātem vel contrā omnīs quī dissentiunt possit dēfendere, proptereā quod īsdem istīs reclāmantibus vōs ūnum illum ex omnibus dēlēgistis quem bellō praedōnum praepōnerētis.Let them take care, therefore, that it is not most unfair and intolerable that their authority concerning Pompey's dignity has always been approved by you, while your judgement and the authority of the Roman people concerning the same man are rejected by them, especially since the Roman people can now by its own right defend its authority in the case of this man even against all who disagree, because, with these same men protesting, you chose him alone out of all to put in charge of the war against the pirates. Man. 22.64Hoc sī vōs temerē fēcistis et reī pūblicae parum cōnsuluistis, rēctē istī studia vestra suīs cōnsiliīs regere cōnantur.If you did this rashly and took too little thought for the state, these men are right in trying to guide your inclinations by their counsels.

Man. 22.64Sīn autem vōs plūs tum in rē pūblicā vīdistis, vōs eīs repugnantibus per vōsmet ipsōs dignitātem huic imperiō, salūtem orbī terrārum attulistis, aliquandō istī prīncipēs et sibi et cēterīs populī Rōmānī ūniversī auctōritātī pārendum esse fateantur.But if you then saw further in public affairs, if you, in spite of their opposition, by your own efforts brought dignity to this empire and safety to the world, then let these leading men at last admit that both they and everyone else must obey the authority of the Roman people as a whole. Man. 22.64Atque in hōc bellō Asiāticō et rēgiō, Quirītēs, nōn sōlum mīlitāris illa virtūs quae est in Pompeiō singulāris sed aliae quoque animī virtūtēs magnae et multae requīruntur.And in this Asian war against the kings, citizens, there is need not only for that military merit which is singular in Pompey, but also for many other great virtues of the mind. Man. 22.64Difficile est in Asiā, Ciliciā, Syriā regnīsque interiōrum nātiōnum ita versārī nostrum imperātōrem ut nihil aliud nisi dē hoste ac dē laude cōgitet.It is difficult for our commander to move about in Asia, Cilicia, Syria and the kingdoms of the inland nations in such a way that he thinks of nothing but the enemy and glory.

Man. 22.64Deinde, etiam sī quī sunt pudōre ac temperantiā moderātiōrēs, tamen eōs esse tālīs propter multitūdinem cupidōrum hominum nēmō arbitrātur.Then, even if there are some who are more restrained by modesty and self-control, nevertheless no one believes them to be such, because of the great number of greedy men. Man. 22.65Difficile est dictū, Quirītēs, quantō in odiō sīmus apud exterās nātiōnēs propter eōrum quōs ad eās per hōs annōs cum imperiō mīsimus libīdinēs et iniūriās.It is hard to say, citizens, how much we are hated among foreign nations because of the lusts and wrongs of those whom we have sent to them with military command during these years. Man. 22.65Quod enim fānum putātis in illīs terrīs nostrīs magistrātibus religiōsum, quam cīvitātem sānctam, quam domum satis clausam ac mūnītam fuisse?For what temple in those lands do you think has been held sacred by our magistrates, what city inviolable, what house sufficiently closed and protected? Man. 22.65Vrbēs iam locuplētēs et cōpiōsae requīruntur quibus causa bellī propter dīripiendī facultātem īnferātur.Rich and well-stocked cities are now sought out, so that a pretext for war may be brought against them for the chance of plundering them.

Man. 22.66Libenter haec cōram cum Catulō et Hortēnsiō, summīs et clārissimīs virīs, disputārem;I would gladly discuss these things face to face with Catulus and Hortensius, very great and very illustrious men; Man. 22.66nōrunt enim sociōrum volnera, vident eōrum calamitātēs, querimōniās audiunt.for they know the wounds of the allies, they see their disasters, they hear their complaints. Man. 22.66Prō sociīs vōs contrā hostīs exercitūs mittere putātis an hostium simulātiōne contrā sociōs atque amīcōs?Do you think you are sending armies on behalf of the allies against the enemy, or, on the pretence of an enemy, against allies and friends? Man. 22.66Quae cīvitās est in Asiā quae nōn modo imperātōris aut lēgātī sed ūnīus tribūnī mīlitum animōs ac spīritūs capere possit?What state is there in Asia that can contain the pride and arrogance not only of a commander or a legate but of a single military tribune?

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (175 words)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
perinīquus, -a, -umvery unfair; periniquo animo: with great resentment
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
nōn, adv.not
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
vōsplur. of tū
comprobō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusapprove; confirm, prove right
semper, adv.always
vester, -tra, -trumyour
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
homō, hominis, m.man
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
populus, -ī m.people, nation
que, enclitic conj.and
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
improbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdisapprove of, reject
praesertim (adv.)especially
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
iam, adv.now, already
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
velor; vel … vel: either … or
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
omnis, -eall, every
dissentiō, -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsusdisagree, differ
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
proptereāfor this reason; proptereā quod: because
quod, conj.that, in that, because
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
reclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout back, cry out against, protest; re-echo
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
bellum, -ī, n.war
praedō, -ōnis m.robber, pirate
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
sī, conj.if
temerē, adv.rashly
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
rēctē (adv.)rightly, properly; safely
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
sīn (conj.)but if
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
plūs (adv.)more
tum, adv.then, at that time
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
repugnō, -pugnāre, -pugnāvī, -pugnātusfight against, struggle, resist
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
aliquandō, adv.at some time or other; finally, at length
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
pāreō, -ēre, -uīobey
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
Asiāticus, -a, -umof Asia (the Roman province in western Asia Minor), Asiatic
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
singulāris, -esingle; remarkable
sed, conj.but
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
quoque, adv.also
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
difficilis, -enot easy, difficult
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
interior, -ius, adj.interior, inner
nātiō, -ōnis f.people, nation; birth
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
noster, -tra, -trumour
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
nisi, conj.if not, unless
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, think over
deinde, adv.then, next
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
temperantia, -ae f.self-control
moderātus, -a, -umrestrained, moderate; (as noun) restraint
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
tālis, -esuch
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
cupidus, -a, -umdesirous, eager
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
odium, -ī, n.hatred
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
exterus, -a, -umoutside, foreign; exterae nātiōnēs: foreign peoples
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
annus, -ī, m.year
cum, prep, with abl.with
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
enim, conj.for
fānum, -ī n.shrine, sanctuary
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
religiōsus, -a, -umdevout, scrupulous in religion
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
mūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfortify
urbs, urbis, f.city
locuplēs, -ētisrich, wealthy
cōpiōsus, -a, -umwell supplied, wealthy
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
facultās, -tātis, f.possibility, opportunity, chance, means
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
libenter, adv.willingly, gladly
cōram (adv.)face to face, in person
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
vir, virī, m.man
disputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdiscuss, argue
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
calamitās, -tātis, f.misfortune, calamity, disaster
querimōnia, -ae f.complaint, grievance
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
an, conj.or (in questions)
simulātiō, -ōnis f.pretence
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
modo, adv.only
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
spīritus, -ūs m.breath; (pl.) pride, arrogance
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.