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Cicero · De Imperio Cn. Pompei

De Imperio Cn. Pompei 15

The weight of Pompey's authority

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Man. 15.1Et quoniam auctōritās quoque in bellīs administrandīs multum atque in imperiō mīlitārī valet, certē nēminī dubium est quīn eā rē īdem ille imperātor plūrimum possit.And since authority too counts for much in conducting wars and in military command, surely no one doubts that in this respect the same commander is supremely powerful. Man. 15.1Vehementer autem pertinēre ad bella administranda quid hostēs, quid sociī dē imperātōribus nostrīs exīstiment quis ignōrat, cum sciāmus hominēs in tantīs rēbus ut aut metuant aut contemnant aut ōderint aut ament opīniōne nōn minus et fāmā quam aliquā ratiōne certā commovērī?And who does not know that it matters greatly in conducting wars what the enemy and the allies think of our commanders, since we know that in such great affairs men are moved to fear or despise, to hate or love, no less by opinion and report than by any sure reasoning? Man. 15.1Quod igitur nōmen umquam in orbe terrārum clārius fuit, cuius rēs gestae parēs?What name, then, has ever been more famous in the whole world, whose achievements a match for his? Man. 15.1dē quō homine vōs, id quod maximē facit auctōritātem, tanta et tam praeclāra iūdicia fēcistis?about what man have you made such great and such glorious judgements, the very thing that most creates authority?

Man. 15.44An vērō ūllam usquam esse ōram tam dēsertam putātis quō nōn illīus diēī fāma pervāserit, cum ūniversus populus Rōmānus refertō forō complētīsque omnibus templīs ex quibus hic locus cōnspicī potest ūnum sibi ad commūne omnium gentium bellum Pompeium imperātōrem dēpoposcit?Or do you really think that there is any coast anywhere so deserted that the fame of that day has not reached it, when the whole Roman people, with the forum packed and all the temples from which this place can be seen filled, demanded Pompey alone as their commander for a war common to all nations? Man. 15.44Itaque ut plūra nōn dīcam neque aliōrum exemplīs cōnfirmem quantum auctōritās valeat in bellō, ab eōdem Cn. Pompeiō omnium rērum ēgregiārum exempla sūmantur.And so, to say no more and not to confirm from the examples of others how much authority counts for in war, let examples of every outstanding achievement be taken from this same Gnaeus Pompey. Man. 15.44Quī quō diē ā vōbīs maritimō bellō praepositus est imperātor, tanta repente vīlitās ex summā inopiā et cāritāte reī frūmentāriae cōnsecūta est ūnīus hominis spē ac nōmine quantam vix in summā ūbertāte agrōrum diūturna pāx efficere potuisset.On the day on which he was put in command of the war at sea by you, through the hope and name of one man such cheapness of corn suddenly followed upon the most extreme scarcity and high prices as a long peace could scarcely have produced in the greatest fertility of the fields.

Man. 15.45Iam acceptā in Pontō calamitāte ex eō proeliō dē quō vōs paulō ante invītus admonuī, cum sociī pertimuissent, hostium opēs animīque crēvissent, satis firmum praesidium prōvincia nōn habēret, āmīsissētis Asiam, Quirītēs, nisi ad ipsum discrīmen eius temporis dīvīnitus Cn. Pompeium ad eās regiōnēs Fortūna populī Rōmānī attulisset.Again, after the disaster suffered in Pontus in that battle of which I reminded you a little earlier against my will, when the allies had become terrified, the enemy's resources and spirits had grown, and the province had no sufficiently strong garrison, you would have lost Asia, citizens, had not the Fortune of the Roman people, by divine providence, brought Gnaeus Pompey to those regions at the very crisis of that moment. Man. 15.45Huius adventus et Mithridātem īnsolitā īnflātum victōriā continuit et Tigrānēn magnīs cōpiīs minitantem Asiae retardāvit.His arrival both held back Mithridates, puffed up by an unaccustomed victory, and checked Tigranes, who was threatening Asia with great forces. Man. 15.45Et quisquam dubitābit quid virtūte perfectūrus sit quī tantum auctōritāte perfēcerit, aut quam facile imperiō atque exercitū sociōs et vectīgālia cōnservātūrus sit quī ipsō nōmine ac rūmōre dēfenderit?And will anyone doubt what he will accomplish by his merit, who has accomplished so much by his authority, or how easily he will preserve allies and revenues with military command and an army, who has defended them by his very name and reputation?

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (172 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quoniam, conj.since now, since
auctōritās, -tātis f.influence, authority, prestige
quoque, adv.also
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
bellum, -ī, n.war
administrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummanage, carry out
multum, -ī, n.much
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
dubius, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
plūrimum (adv.)most, very much (plūrimum posse: be most powerful)
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
noster, -tra, -trumour
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbe ignorant of
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
homō, hominis, m.man
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
ōdī, ōdisse, used only in tenses of completed action with the force of tenses of incomplete actionhate
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
nōn, adv.not
minus, comp. adv.less
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove, rouse; disturb
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
igitur, conj.therefore
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
umquam, adv.ever
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
pār, parisequal
vōsplur. of tū
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
tam, adv.so
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
an, conj.or (in questions)
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
ūllus, -a, -umany
usquam (adv.)anywhere
ōra, -ae f.coast, shore
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
pervādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusmake one's way through or into; spread through, pervade
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
refertus, -a, -umcrammed, stuffed, filled (with: abl.)
forum, -ī n.market place, public square
compleō, -plēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill full, fill up
que, enclitic conj.and
omnis, -eall, every
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
cōnspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectusbehold, perceive, see
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
dēposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand, call for
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
cōnfirmō, -firmāre, -firmāvī, -firmātusstrengthen, establish; declare, assert
quantum, adv.how much? how?
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
maritimus, -a, -umof the sea, coastal
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
repente (adv.)suddenly
vīlitās, -ātis f.cheapness, low price
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
inopia, -ae f.lack, want, scarcity
cāritās, -ātis f.dearness; love, affection
frūmentārius, -a, -umof grain (rēs frūmentāria: grain supply)
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
spēs, speī, f.hope
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
ūbertās, -ātis f.richness, fertility
ager, agri, m.field, land
diūturnus, -a, -umlong-lasting
pāx, pācis f.peace
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
iam, adv.now, already
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
calamitās, -tātis, f.misfortune, calamity, disaster
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
paulō, adv.by a little, a little, somewhat
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
pertimēscō, -ere, -timuībecome very afraid, dread
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
crēscō, -ere, crēvī, crētumgrow, rise (in power)
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
firmus, -a, -umstrong, steadfast
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
nisi, conj.if not, unless
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
discrīmen, -crīminis, n.crisis, peril, danger
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
dīvīnitus (adv.)by the gods, by divine power
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
īnsolitus, -a, -umunaccustomed; unusual, strange
īnflō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusblow into; inspire
victōria, -ae, f.victory
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
minitor, -ārī, -ātusthreaten
retardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushold back, slow down, check
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
perficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusdo or make through, accomplish
facile, adv.easily
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
vectīgal, -ālis n.tax, revenue
cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātuspreserve, keep
rūmor, -ōris m.rumour, report
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.