LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Cicero › On Friendship (De Amicitia) › De Amicitia 23

Cicero · De Amicitia

De Amicitia 23

Everyone agrees on friendship's value

English onlyRead it word by word

Amic. 23.1Quō etiam magis vituperanda est reī maximē necessāriae tanta incūria.All the more, then, is such great neglect of a thing so very necessary to be blamed. Amic. 23.1Ūna est enim amīcitia in rēbus hūmānīs, dē cuius ūtilitāte omnēs ūnō ōre cōnsentiunt;For friendship is the one thing in human life about whose usefulness all agree with one voice; Amic. 23.1quamquam ā multīs virtūs ipsa contemnitur et venditātiō quaedam atque ostentātiō esse dīcitur;although virtue itself is despised by many and said to be a kind of self-advertisement and display; Amic. 23.1multī dīvitiās dēspiciunt, quōs parvō contentōs tenuis vīctus cultusque dēlectat;many despise riches, being content with little and delighting in a meagre diet and dress; Amic. 23.1honōrēs vērō, quōrum cupiditāte quīdam īnflammantur, quam multī ita contemnunt, ut nihil inānius, nihil esse levius exīstiment!and as for offices, with desire for which some are inflamed, how many despise them so much that they think nothing emptier, nothing more trivial! Amic. 23.1Itemque cētera, quae quibusdam admīrābilia videntur, permultī sunt quī prō nihilō putent.So too with the other things which seem admirable to some, there are very many who think them worth nothing.

Amic. 23.1Dē amīcitiā omnēs ad ūnum idem sentiunt;About friendship all, to a man, think the same; Amic. 23.1et eī quī ad rem pūblicam sē contulērunt, et eī quī rērum cognitiōne doctrīnāque dēlectantur, et eī quī suum negōtium gerunt ōtiōsī;both those who have devoted themselves to public life, and those who delight in knowledge and learning, and those who mind their own business at leisure; Amic. 23.1postrēmō eī quī sē tōtōs trādidērunt voluptātibus, sine amīcitiā vītam esse nūllam, sī modo velint aliquā ex parte līberāliter vīvere.and lastly those who have given themselves wholly to pleasure feel that without friendship life is nothing, if only they wish to live in some degree like free men. Amic. 23.87Serpit enim nesciō quō modō per omnium vītās amīcitiā nec ūllam aetātis dēgendae ratiōnem patitur esse expertem suī.For friendship somehow creeps through the lives of all, and allows no way of spending one's life to be without it. Amic. 23.87Quīn etiam sī quis asperitāte eā est et immānitāte nātūrae, congressūs ut hominum fugiat atque ōderit, quālem fuisse Athēnīs Tīmōnem nesciō quem accēpimus, tamen is patī nōn possit, ut nōn anquīrat aliquem, apud quem ēvomat virus acerbitātis suae.Indeed, even if someone is of such harshness and savagery of nature that he shuns and hates the company of men, as we are told some Timon or other was at Athens, yet even he could not bear not to seek out someone on whom to vomit the venom of his bitterness.

Amic. 23.87Atque hoc maximē iūdicārētur, sī quid tāle possit contingere, ut aliquis nōs deus ex hāc hominum frequentiā tolleret et in sōlitūdine uspiam collocāret atque ibi suppeditāns omnium rērum quās nātūra dēsīderat, abundantiam et cōpiam, hominis omnīnō aspiciendī potestātem ēriperet—quis tam esset ferreus quī eam vītam ferre posset cuique nōn auferret frūctum voluptātum omnium sōlitūdō?And this would be best judged if something like this could happen: that some god should take us away from this crowd of men and set us somewhere in solitude, and there, supplying us with an abundance and plenty of all the things that nature desires, should take from us altogether the chance of seeing a human being; who would be so made of iron that he could bear that life, and from whom solitude would not take away the enjoyment of all pleasures? Amic. 23.88Vērum ergō illud est, quod ā Tarentīnō Archȳtā, ut opīnor, dīcī solitum nostrōs senēs commemorāre audīvī ab aliīs senibus audītum: sī quis in caelum ascendisset nātūramque mundī et pulchritūdinem sīderum perspexisset, īnsuāvem illam admīrātiōnem eī fore, quae iūcundissima fuisset, sī aliquem cui narrāret habuisset.True, then, is that saying which, I believe, Archytas of Tarentum used often to repeat, as I have heard our old men recall, who had heard it from other old men: that if anyone had ascended into heaven and beheld the nature of the universe and the beauty of the stars, that wonder would be unpleasing to him, though it would have been most delightful if he had had someone to tell it to.

Amic. 23.88Sīc nātūra sōlitārium nihil amat semperque ad aliquod tamquam adminiculum adnītitur, quod in amīcissimō quōque dulcissimum est.So nature loves nothing solitary, and always leans upon something as a kind of prop, and this is sweetest in the dearest friend.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, indirect statement ×4, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (178 words)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
vituperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfind fault with, blame
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
incūria, -ae f.carelessness, neglect
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
enim, conj.for
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
omnis, -eall, every
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
cōnsentiō, -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsumagree; act together
quamquam, conj.however much, although
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
venditātiō, -ōnis f.showing off, parading (of oneself)
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ostentātiō, -ōnis f.display, show
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
dīvitiae, -ārum f. pl.riches, wealth
dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook down on, despise
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
contentus, -a, -umcontent, satisfied (+ abl.)
tenuis, -ethin
vīctus, -ūs, m.sustenance, food
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
que, enclitic conj.and
dēlectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplease, delight; passive: enjoy, take pleasure in
honor, -ōris, m.honor
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
īnflammō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset on fire; inflame, excite
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
inānis, -eempty
levis, -elight, slight
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
itemlikewise, also
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
admīrābilis, -ewonderful, admirable
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
permultus, -a, -umvery many, very much
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
nihilum, -ī n.nothing; nihilō sētius: none the less
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
cognitiō, -ōnis f.learning, knowledge, study
doctrīna, -ae f.teaching
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
negōtium, -ī, n.business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
ōtiōsus, -a, -umat leisure, quiet; as noun: a peaceful citizen
postrēmō (adv.)finally, at last
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
sine, prep. with abl.without
vīta, -ae, f.life
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
sī, conj.if
modo, adv.only
volō, velle, voluīwish
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
līberāliter (adv.)generously, kindly
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
serpō, serpere, serpsīcreep, crawl; spread gradually
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ūllus, -a, -umany
aetās, -tātis, f.age
dēgō, -ere, dēgīspend (time), live
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
expers, -pertishaving no share in, without (+ gen. or abl.)
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
asperitās, -ātis f.roughness, unevenness; harshness
immānitās, -tātis, f.cruelty, barbarity
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
congressus, -ūs m.meeting; encounter, clash
homō, hominis, m.man
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
ōdī, ōdisse, used only in tenses of completed action with the force of tenses of incomplete actionhate
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
anquīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītussearch for, seek out, inquire into
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
ēvomō, -vomere, -vomuī, -vomitusvomit forth
vir, virī, m.man
acerbitās, -ātis f.harshness; hardship, suffering
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
tālis, -esuch
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctumtouch, reach
nōsplur. of ego
deus, -ī, m.god
frequentia, -ae f.crowd, throng; full attendance
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
sōlitūdō, -inis f.loneliness; a wilderness, desert
uspiam (adv.)anywhere, somewhere
collocō (conlocō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumplace, station; give in marriage
ibi, adv.in that place, there
suppeditō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussupply; passive: be supplied (with: abl.)
dēsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslong for, miss; require
abundantia, -ae f.plenty, wealth
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
omnīnō, adv.altogether, wholly, entirely
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
tam, adv.so
ferreus, -a, -umof iron, iron
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
frūctus, -ūs, m.enjoyment; fruit
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
Tarentīnus, -a, -umof Tarentum (modern Taranto) in southern Italy
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
noster, -tra, -trumour
senex, senis, m.old man
commemorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummention, recount
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
ascendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb to, ascend, mount
mundus, -ī m.world, universe
pulchritūdō, -inis f.beauty
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
perspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumsee clearly, observe
īnsuāvis, -eunpleasant, disagreeable
admīrātiō, -ōnis f.wonder, admiration
iūcundus, -a, -umsweet, pleasant
narrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustell, relate, narrate
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
sīc, adv.so, thus
sōlitārius, -a, -umsolitary, alone, standing by itself
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
semper, adv.always
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
adminiculum, -ī n.prop, support; aid
adnītor, -nītī, -nīsus sumlean on; exert oneself, support (someone's cause)
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
dulcis, -esweet
Cicero, De Amicitia. Latin text: W. A. Falconer, Cicero: De Senectute, De Amicitia, De Divinatione (Loeb, 1923), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.