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Cicero · De Amicitia

De Amicitia 10

Scipio on the dangers to friendship

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Amic. 10.1LAELIUS.LAELIUS. Amic. 10.1Audīte vērō, optimī virī, ea quae saepissimē inter mē et Scīpiōnem dē amīcitiā disserēbantur.Listen, then, my excellent friends, to the things that were very often discussed between Scipio and me about friendship. Amic. 10.1Quamquam ille quidem nihil difficilius esse dīcēbat quam amīcitiam ūsque ad extrēmum vītae diem permanēre: nam vel ut nōn idem expedīret incidere saepe, vel ut dē rē pūblicā nōn idem sentīrētur;And yet he used to say that nothing was more difficult than for a friendship to last right up to the last day of life: for it often happened either that the same thing was not advantageous to both, or that they did not hold the same views about the state; Amic. 10.1mūtārī etiam mōrēs hominum saepe dīcēbat, aliās adversīs rēbus, aliās aetāte ingravēscente.he said too that men's characters often changed, sometimes through adversity, sometimes as age grew heavier. Amic. 10.1Atque eārum rērum exemplum ex similitūdine capiēbat ineuntis aetātis, quod summī puerōrum amōrēs saepe ūnā cum praetextā togā dēpōnerentur;And he took an illustration of these things from the analogy of early life, in that the warmest loves of boys were often laid aside together with the bordered toga; Amic. 10.34sīn autem ad adulēscentiam perdūxissent, dirimī tamen interdum contentiōne vel uxōriae condiciōnis vel commodī alicuius, quod idem adipīscī uterque nōn posset.but if they had carried them through to youth, they were nevertheless sometimes broken off by rivalry, either over a marriage or over some advantage which both could not obtain at once.

Amic. 10.34Quod sī quī longius in amīcitiā prōvectī essent, tamen saepe labefactārī, sī in honōris contentiōnem incidissent;And if any had advanced further in friendship, still it was often shaken if they fell into competition for office; Amic. 10.34pestem enim nūllam maiōrem esse amīcitiīs quam in plērīsque pecūniae cupiditātem, in optimīs quibusque honōris certāmen et glōriae, ex quō inimīcitiās maximās saepe inter amīcissimōs exstitisse.for there was no greater bane to friendships than, in most men, the desire for money, and in all the best men the contest for office and glory, from which the bitterest enmities had often arisen between the closest friends. Amic. 10.35Magna etiam discidia et plērumque iūsta nāscī, cum aliquid ab amīcīs quod rēctum nōn esset postulārētur, ut aut libīdinis ministrī aut adiūtōrēs essent ad iniūriam, quod quī recūsārent, quamvīs honestē id facerent, iūs tamen amīcitiae dēserere arguerentur ab eīs, quibus obsequī nōllent;Great breaches too, and for the most part justified ones, arose when something that was not right was asked of friends, that they should be either the servants of lust or accomplices in wrongdoing; and those who refused, however honourably they did so, were nevertheless accused of abandoning the law of friendship by those whom they would not oblige; Amic. 10.35illōs autem, quī quidvīs ab amīcō audērent postulāre, postulātiōne ipsā profitērī omnia sē amīcī causā esse factūrōs.while those who dared to ask anything whatever of a friend declared by the very request that they would do anything whatever for a friend's sake.

Amic. 10.35Eōrum querella inveterāta nōn modo familiāritātēs exstinguī solēre, sed odia etiam gignī sempiterna.By their long-standing complaints, he said, not only were intimacies usually extinguished, but everlasting hatreds were even engendered. Amic. 10.35Haec ita multa quasi fāta impendēre amīcitiīs, ut omnia subterfugere nōn modo sapientiae, sed etiam fēlīcitātis dīceret sibi vidērī.So many dangers of this kind, like fates, hung over friendships, that to escape them all seemed to him, he said, to require not only wisdom but also good fortune.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×5, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (145 words)
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
bonus, -a, -umgood
vir, virī, m.man
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
saepe, adv.often, frequently
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
disserō, -ere, -sēvī, -situssow here and there, plant at intervals
quamquam, conj.however much, although
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
difficilis, -enot easy, difficult
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
vīta, -ae, f.life
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
permaneō, -manēre, -mānsi, -mānsusremain
nam, conj.for
velor; vel … vel: either … or
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nōn, adv.not
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
incidō, -cidere, -cidīfall into or upon
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
homō, hominis, m.man
aliās (adv.)at another time (aliās … aliās: sometimes … sometimes)
adversus, -a, -umfacing; unfavourable, unsuccessful
aetās, -tātis, f.age
ingravēscō, -eregrow heavier; grow worse
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
exemplum, -ī n.example, precedent
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
similitūdō, -inis f.likeness, resemblance
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
ineō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo into, enter; adopt
quod, conj.that, in that, because
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
puer, puerī, m.boy
amor, -ōris, m.love
ūnātogether, along
cum, prep, with abl.with
praetexta, -ae f.the purple-bordered toga worn by boys (and magistrates); in praetextā: as a boy
toga, -ae f.toga, the Roman citizen's garment of peace
dēpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput down, deposit; lay aside, give up; ē memoriā dēpōnere, to forget
sīn (conj.)but if
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
adulēscentia, -ae, f.youth
perdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring through, lead, bring
dirimō, -ere, dirēmī, dirēmptumbreak off, interrupt
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
interdum (adv.)sometimes
contentiō, -ōnis f.struggle, dispute
uxōrius, -a, -umof a wife; too fond of a wife, ruled by a wife
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
commodum, -ī n.advantage, interest
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
adipīscor, -ī, adeptus sumobtain, win, gain
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
longē, adv.far
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
prōvehō, -vehere, -vexī, -vectuscarry forward
labefactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshake, weaken, undermine
honor, -ōris, m.honor
pestis, -is f.plague, pest; ruin, destruction
enim, conj.for
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
cupiditās, -tātis, f.desire, longing, eagerness
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
glōria, -ae, f.glory
inimīcitia, -ae f.enmity (usu. pl.)
amīcus, -ī, m.friend
exsistō, -ere, -stitīcome forth, arise; appear
discidium, -ī n.separation, breach, quarrel; divorce
plērumque (adv.)generally, mostly
iūstus, -a, -umjust
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
rēctus, -a, -umdirect, straight
postulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, request, demand
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
libīdō, -inis f.desire, lust; caprice
minister, -trī m.servant, attendant, helper
adiūtor, -ōris m.helper, assistant
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
honestē, adv.honorably, decently
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
arguō, -ere, -uī, -ūtusshow up, expose; accuse, convict
obsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumcomply, give way (to: dat.)
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
quīvīs, quaevīs, quodvīsany you like, any whatever
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
postulātiō, -ōnis f.request, demand
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
profiteor, -ērī, -fessus sumdeclare openly; offer oneself as
omnis, -eall, every
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
querella (querēla), -ae f.complaint, lament
inveterō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake old; (intrans.) grow old, become seasoned
modo, adv.only
familiāritās, -ātis f.close friendship
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
sed, conj.but
odium, -ī, n.hatred
gignō, gignere, genuī, genitusproduce, bring forth
sempiternus, -a, -umeverlasting, eternal
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
quasi, conj.as if
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
impendeō, -ērehang over, overhang
subterfugiō, -ere, -fūgīevade, shirk, shrink from
sapientia, -ae f.wisdom, good sense
fēlīcitās, -ātis f.good fortune, luck
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
Cicero, De Amicitia. Latin text: W. A. Falconer, Cicero: De Senectute, De Amicitia, De Divinatione (Loeb, 1923), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.