Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 7
De Bello Gallico 7.87
Caesar comes himself
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō7.87.1Mittit prīmō Brūtum adulēscentem cum cohortibus Caesar, post cum aliīs Gāium Fabium lēgātum;
Caesar first sends young Brutus with some cohorts, then Gaius Fabius the legate with others;
Note. Brūtum adulēscentem: Decimus Brutus, later one of Caesar's assassins; adulēscēns distinguishes him from older men of the name.
7.87.1postrēmō ipse, cum vehementius pugnārētur, integrōs subsidiō addūcit.
at last, as the fighting grew fiercer, he himself brings up fresh troops to help.
7.87.2Restitūtō proeliō ac repulsīs hostibus eō quō Labiēnum mīserat contendit;
When the battle had been restored and the enemy driven back, he hurries to the place where he had sent Labienus;
7.87.2cohortēs quattuor ex proximō castellō dēdūcit, equitum partem sequī, partem circumīre exteriōrēs mūnītiōnēs et ab tergō hostēs adorīrī iubet.
he draws four cohorts from the nearest fort, and orders part of the cavalry to follow him and part to go round the outer fortifications and attack the enemy from behind.
7.87.3Labiēnus, postquam neque aggerēs neque fossae vim hostium sustinēre poterant, coāctīs ūnā XL cohortibus, quās ex proximīs praesidiīs dēductās fors obtulit, Caesarem per nūntiōs facit certiōrem quid faciendum exīstimet.
Labienus, since neither the ramparts nor the trenches could hold back the force of the enemy, gathered together forty cohorts, which chance brought to him drawn from the nearest posts, and informed Caesar by messengers what he thought should be done.
Note. faciendum: supply esse, 'what he thought should be done'.
7.87.3Accelerat Caesar, ut proeliō intersit.
Caesar hurries on to take part in the battle.
Vocabulary
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| prīmō, adv. | at first |
| adulēscēns, -entis, m. | youth, young man |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| cohors, cohortis f. | cohort (a tenth of a legion); company |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| alius, -a, -ud | another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others |
| lēgātus, -ī, m. | ambassador |
| postrēmō (adv.) | finally, at last |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| vehementer, adv. | violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly |
| pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | fight |
| integer, -gra, -grum | untouched, fresh, whole |
| subsidium, -ī, n. | reserve, reinforcement, support, help |
| addūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead to, bring, take; induce, influence |
| restituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtus | set up again, put back, restore |
| proelium, -ī, n. | battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsus | drive back or away, repulse, repel |
| hostis, -is, m. and f. | enemy, foe |
| eō (adv.) | to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more) |
| quō, adv. | to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long? |
| contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch, hasten |
| quattuor, indecl. adj. | four |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| proximus, -a, -um | nearest, next |
| castellum, -ī n. | fort, redoubt |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| pars, partis, f. | part, side, direction |
| sequor, sequī, secūtus | follow |
| circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itum | go around |
| exterior, -ius | outer, outside, exterior |
| mūnītiō, -ōnis f. | fortification, defence works |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| tergum, -ī, n. | back |
| adorior, -īrī, adortus sum | attack |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| postquam, conj. | later than, after, when |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| agger, aggeris m. | mound, siege ramp |
| fossa, -ae, f. | ditch, trench |
| vīs, vīs, f. | violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main |
| sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or bear up, sustain, withstand |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctus | drive together, collect; compel |
| ūnā | together, along |
| Roman numeral | a number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000 |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| praesidium, -ī, n. | protection; guard, escort |
| fors, fortis f. | chance, luck |
| offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātus | bear to, proffer, offer |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| nūntius, -ī, m. | messenger; message |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| certus, -a, -um | determined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform |
| quis, quid, interrog. pron. | who? which? what? |
| exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | consider, believe, think |
| accelerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hurry, hasten |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrus | be or lie between |