LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 7

De Bello Gallico 7.86

Labienus sent to help

Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

Tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and track your reading.

Read in Lectitō

7.86.1Hīs rēbus cognitīs Caesar Labiēnum cum cohortibus sex subsidiō labōrantibus mittit: imperat, sī sustinēre nōn posset, dēductīs cohortibus ēruptiōne pugnāret;

When he learns this, Caesar sends Labienus with six cohorts to help those in difficulty; he orders him, if he cannot hold out, to draw off the cohorts and fight his way out by a sally;

Note. imperat, sī … nōn posset, … pugnāret: an indirect command with ut left out.

7.86.2id nisi necessāriō nē faciat.

but not to do this unless he must.

Note. nē faciat: indirect command depending on imperat, 'not to do it'. nisi necessāriō: 'unless of necessity'.

7.86.3Ipse adit reliquōs, cohortātur nē labōrī succumbant;

He himself goes to the rest and urges them not to give way under the strain;

7.86.3omnium superiōrum dīmicātiōnum frūctum in eō diē atque hōrā docet cōnsistere.

he tells them that the fruit of all their earlier battles depends on that day and hour.

7.86.4Interiōrēs dēspērātīs campestribus locīs propter magnitūdinem mūnītiōnum loca praerupta ex ascēnsū temptant: hūc ea quae parāverant cōnferunt.

The men inside, despairing of the ground on the plain because of the size of the fortifications, try the steep places from below; there they bring what they had prepared.

7.86.5Multitūdine tēlōrum ex turribus prōpugnantēs dēturbant, aggere et crātibus fossās explent, falcibus vallum ac lōrīcam rescindunt.

With a mass of missiles they drive the defenders from the towers, fill in the trenches with earth and hurdles, and tear down the rampart and the breastwork with hooks.

Vocabulary

hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
cum, prep, with abl.with
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
sex (indecl.)six
subsidium, -ī, n.reserve, reinforcement, support, help
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
sī, conj.if
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
ēruptiō, -ōnis f.sally, sortie
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nisi, conj.if not, unless
necessāriō (adv.)of necessity, unavoidably
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
cohortor, -hortārī, -hortātusencourage, exhort
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
succumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumsink under, give way, yield
omnis, -eall, every
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
dīmicātiō, -ōnis f.fight, struggle, combat
frūctus, -ūs, m.enjoyment; fruit
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
hōra, -ae, f.hour
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
interior, -ius, adj.interior, inner
dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātusdespair
campester, -tris, -treof the plain, flat, level
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
mūnītiō, -ōnis f.fortification, defence works
praeruptus, -a, -umsteep, precipitous
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
ascēnsus, -ūs m.way up, climb
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
prōpugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfight in defence
dēturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive off, dislodge, knock down
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
crātis, -is f.wickerwork, hurdle
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
expleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill up, complete; make good
falx, falcis, f.sickle; curved sword, falchion
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
lōrīca, -ae f.breastplate; breastwork, parapet
rescindō, -ere, -scidī, -scissumcut down, break down
Advertisement
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.