Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 7
De Bello Gallico 7.86
Labienus sent to help
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō7.86.1Hīs rēbus cognitīs Caesar Labiēnum cum cohortibus sex subsidiō labōrantibus mittit: imperat, sī sustinēre nōn posset, dēductīs cohortibus ēruptiōne pugnāret;
When he learns this, Caesar sends Labienus with six cohorts to help those in difficulty; he orders him, if he cannot hold out, to draw off the cohorts and fight his way out by a sally;
Note. imperat, sī … nōn posset, … pugnāret: an indirect command with ut left out.
7.86.2id nisi necessāriō nē faciat.
but not to do this unless he must.
Note. nē faciat: indirect command depending on imperat, 'not to do it'. nisi necessāriō: 'unless of necessity'.
7.86.3Ipse adit reliquōs, cohortātur nē labōrī succumbant;
He himself goes to the rest and urges them not to give way under the strain;
7.86.3omnium superiōrum dīmicātiōnum frūctum in eō diē atque hōrā docet cōnsistere.
he tells them that the fruit of all their earlier battles depends on that day and hour.
7.86.4Interiōrēs dēspērātīs campestribus locīs propter magnitūdinem mūnītiōnum loca praerupta ex ascēnsū temptant: hūc ea quae parāverant cōnferunt.
The men inside, despairing of the ground on the plain because of the size of the fortifications, try the steep places from below; there they bring what they had prepared.
7.86.5Multitūdine tēlōrum ex turribus prōpugnantēs dēturbant, aggere et crātibus fossās explent, falcibus vallum ac lōrīcam rescindunt.
With a mass of missiles they drive the defenders from the towers, fill in the trenches with earth and hurdles, and tear down the rampart and the breastwork with hooks.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| cohors, cohortis f. | cohort (a tenth of a legion); company |
| sex (indecl.) | six |
| subsidium, -ī, n. | reserve, reinforcement, support, help |
| labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | labor, toil |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| sī, conj. | if |
| sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or bear up, sustain, withstand |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| ēruptiō, -ōnis f. | sally, sortie |
| pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | fight |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| nisi, conj. | if not, unless |
| necessāriō (adv.) | of necessity, unavoidably |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| adeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go to, approach |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| cohortor, -hortārī, -hortātus | encourage, exhort |
| labor, -ōris, m. | labor, toil |
| succumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitum | sink under, give way, yield |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| superior, -ius, adj. | higher; former, previous, preceding |
| dīmicātiō, -ōnis f. | fight, struggle, combat |
| frūctus, -ūs, m. | enjoyment; fruit |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| hōra, -ae, f. | hour |
| doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tus | teach, explain |
| cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitus | station oneself, take one's stand; consist |
| interior, -ius, adj. | interior, inner |
| dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātus | despair |
| campester, -tris, -tre | of the plain, flat, level |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| propter, prep. with acc. | on account of, because of |
| magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | greatness, size |
| mūnītiō, -ōnis f. | fortification, defence works |
| praeruptus, -a, -um | steep, precipitous |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| ascēnsus, -ūs m. | way up, climb |
| temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | try, attempt |
| hūc, adv. | to this place, hither |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | make ready, prepare |
| cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātus | bring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way |
| multitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | multitude |
| tēlum, -ī, n. | missile, spear, weapon |
| turris, -is f. | tower; siege tower |
| prōpugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | fight in defence |
| dēturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | drive off, dislodge, knock down |
| agger, aggeris m. | mound, siege ramp |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| crātis, -is f. | wickerwork, hurdle |
| fossa, -ae, f. | ditch, trench |
| expleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētus | fill up, complete; make good |
| falx, falcis, f. | sickle; curved sword, falchion |
| vallum, -ī n. | rampart, palisade |
| lōrīca, -ae f. | breastplate; breastwork, parapet |
| rescindō, -ere, -scidī, -scissum | cut down, break down |