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Vulgate · Esther

Esther 3

Haman plots against the Jews

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Est 3:1Post haec rēx Assuērus exaltāvit Aman fīlium Amadathī, quī erat dē stirpe Agag: et posuit solium ejus super omnēs prīncipēs quōs habēbat.After these things King Ahasuerus exalted Haman son of Hammedatha, who was of the stock of Agag: and he placed his throne above all the princes whom he had. Est 3:2Cūnctīque servī rēgis, quī in foribus palātiī versābantur, flectēbant genua, et adōrābant Aman: sīc enim praecēperat eīs imperātor: sōlus Mardochaeus nōn flectēbat genū, neque adōrābat eum.And all the king's servants, who were busy at the doors of the palace, were bending their knees and worshipping Haman: for so the emperor had instructed them: Mordecai alone did not bend the knee, nor worship him. Est 3:3Cui dīxērunt puerī rēgis, quī ad forēs palātiī praesidēbant: Cūr praeter cēterōs nōn observās mandātum rēgis?To him the king's servants, who presided at the doors of the palace, said: "Why, unlike the others, do you not observe the king's command?" Est 3:4Cumque hoc crēbrius dīcerent, et ille nōllet audīre, nūntiāvērunt Aman, scīre cupientēs utrum persevērāret in sententiā: dīxerat enim eīs sē esse Jūdaeum.And when they were saying this rather often, and he would not listen, they reported it to Haman, wishing to know whether he would persist in his resolve: for he had told them that he was a Jew.

Est 3:5Quod cum audīsset Aman, et experīmentō probāsset quod Mardochaeus nōn flecteret sibi genū, nec sē adōrāret, īrātus est valdē, et prō nihilō dūxit in ūnum Mardochaeum mittere manūs suās: audierat enim quod esset gentis Jūdaeae;And when Haman had heard this, and had proved by trial that Mordecai did not bend the knee to him, nor worship him, he was very angry, and counted it as nothing to lay his hands on Mordecai alone: for he had heard that he was of the Jewish race; Est 3:6Magisque voluit omnem Jūdaeōrum, quī erant in regnō Assuērī, perdere nātiōnem.and he wished rather to destroy the whole nation of the Jews who were in the kingdom of Ahasuerus. Est 3:7Mēnse prīmō (cujus vocābulum est Nisan), annō duodecimō regnī Assuērī, missa est sors in urnam, quae hebraicē dīcitur phur, cōram Aman, quō diē et quō mēnse gēns Jūdaeōrum dēbēret interficī: et exīvit mēnsis duodecimus, quī vocātur Adar.In the first month (whose name is Nisan), in the twelfth year of the reign of Ahasuerus, the lot was cast into an urn, which in Hebrew is called pur, before Haman, on what day and in what month the race of the Jews should be killed: and the twelfth month came out, which is called Adar.

Est 3:8Dīxitque Aman rēgī Assuērō: Est populus per omnēs prōvinciās regnī tuī dispersus, et ā sē mūtuō sēparātus, novīs ūtēns lēgibus et caeremōniīs, īnsuper et rēgis scīta contemnēns: et optimē nōstī quod nōn expediat regnō tuō ut īnsolēscat per licentiam.And Haman said to King Ahasuerus: "There is a people scattered through all the provinces of your kingdom, and separated from one another, using new laws and ceremonies, and moreover despising the decrees of the king: and you know very well that it is not expedient for your kingdom that it should grow insolent through licence. Est 3:9Sī tibi placet, dēcerne, ut pereat, et decem mīllia talentōrum appendam arcāriīs gazae tuae.If it pleases you, decree that it perish, and I will weigh out ten thousand talents to the treasurers of your treasury." Est 3:10Tulit ergō rēx annulum, quō ūtēbātur, dē manū suā, et dedit eum Aman fīliō Amadathī dē prōgeniē Agag, hostī Jūdaeōrum, dīxitque ad eum: Argentum, quod tū pollicēris, tuum sit;So the king took the ring which he used from his hand, and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, of the line of Agag, the enemy of the Jews, and said to him: "The silver which you promise, let it be yours; Est 3:11Dē populō age quod tibi placet.concerning the people, do what pleases you."

Est 3:12Vocātīque sunt scrībae rēgis mēnse prīmō Nisan, tertiādecimā diē ejusdem mēnsis: et scrīptum est, ut jusserat Aman, ad omnēs satrapās rēgis, et jūdicēs prōvinciārum, dīversārumque gentium, ut quaeque gēns legere poterat et audīre prō varietāte linguārum ex nōmine rēgis Assuērī: et litterae signātae ipsīus annulō missae sunt per cursōrēs rēgis ad ūniversās prōvinciās, ut occīderent atque dēlērent omnēs Jūdaeōs, ā puerō ūsque ad senem, parvulōs et mulierēs, ūnō diē, hoc est tertiōdecimō mēnsis duodecimī, quī vocātur Adar;And the king's scribes were called in the first month, Nisan, on the thirteenth day of the same month: and it was written, as Haman had ordered, to all the king's satraps, and the judges of the provinces, and of the different nations, as each nation could read and hear according to the variety of tongues, in the name of King Ahasuerus: and the letters, sealed with his ring, were sent by the king's couriers to all the provinces, that they should kill and destroy all the Jews, from boy to old man, little ones and women, on one day, that is, the thirteenth of the twelfth month, which is called Adar; Est 3:13Et bona eōrum dīriperent.and that they should plunder their goods.

Est 3:14Summa autem epistolārum haec fuit, ut omnēs prōvinciae scīrent, et parārent sē ad praedictam diem.Now the sum of the letters was this, that all the provinces should know, and prepare themselves for the aforesaid day. Est 3:15Festīnābant cursōrēs, quī missī erant, rēgis imperium explēre.The couriers who had been sent hurried to fulfil the king's command. Est 3:15Statimque in Susan pependit ēdictum, rēge et Aman celebrante convīvium, et cūnctīs Jūdaeīs, quī in urbe erant, flentibus.And at once in Susa the edict was hung up, the king and Haman celebrating a banquet, and all the Jews who were in the city weeping.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×2, purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (174 words)
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
rēx, rēgis, m.king
exaltō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusraise up, lift high; exalt
fīlius, -ī, m.son
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
stirps, stirpis f.stock, root; family, race
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
solium, -ī, n.seat, throne
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
omnis, -eall, every
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
que, enclitic conj.and
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
forēs, -ium f. pl.door, double door; entrance
versor, -ārī, -ātuskeep turning, be busy or employed, be
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
genū, -ūs n.knee
adōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusworship, bow down to; entreat
sīc, adv.so, thus
enim, conj.for
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
sōlus, -a, -umalone
nōn, adv.not
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
puer, puerī, m.boy
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
praesideō, -sidēre, -sēdīsit in front of; guard, protect, preside over (+ dat.)
cūr, adv.why
praeter, prep. with acc.before, past, by; besides, except
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
observō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumwatch; keep, respect
mandātum, -ī n.order, instruction, message
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
crēbrō (adv.)often, again and again
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
utrum (conj.)whether (utrum … an: whether … or)
persevērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpersist
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
experīmentum, -ī n.trial, experience, proof
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
quod, conj.that, in that, because
īrātus, -a, -umangered, enraged, angry, furious
valdē, adv.very, greatly
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
nihilum, -ī n.nothing; nihilō sētius: none the less
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
manus, -ūs, f.hand
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
Iūdaeus, -a, -umJewish; (as noun) a Jew
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
volō, velle, voluīwish
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
perdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusdestroy, ruin; lose, waste
nātiō, -ōnis f.people, nation; birth
mēnsis, -is m.month
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
vocābulum, -ī n.name, word, term
annus, -ī, m.year
duodecimus, -a, -umtwelfth
sors, sortis, f.lot
urna, -ae f.jar, urn
hebraicē (adv.)in Hebrew
phur (indecl.)Pur, a lot (Persian word); see phurim
cōram (adv.)face to face, in person
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
populus, -ī m.people, nation
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
dispergō, -ere, -spersī, -spersumscatter
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
mūtuō, adv.in turn, mutually, reciprocally
sēparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusseparate, divide
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
lēx, lēgis f.law
caerimōnia, -ae f.sacred rite, ceremony
īnsuper (adv.)above, on top; besides
scītum, -ī n.decree; populī scītum, a decree of the people
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
bene, adv.well; successfully
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
īnsolēscō, -erebecome haughty, grow insolent
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
sī, conj.if
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētumdecide, decree
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
decem, indecl. adj.ten
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
talentum, -ī n.talent, a large Greek weight and sum of money
appendō, -ere, -pendī, -pēnsusweigh out, weigh; hang (up)
arcārius, -ī m.treasurer, keeper of the treasury
gaza, -ae f.royal treasure, treasury; riches
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
ānulus, -ī m.ring, finger-ring
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
prōgeniēs, -ēī f.offspring, descendants
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
argentum, -ī, n.silver
polliceor, -licērī, -licituspromise
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
scrība, -ae m.clerk, secretary (public clerks of the treasury)
tertius decimus, tertia decima, tertium decimumthirteenth
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
satrapa (satrapēs), -ae m.satrap, provincial governor (in Persia, Babylon)
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
varietās, -ātis f.variety; mottled color
lingua, -ae f.tongue; language
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
signō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmark, seal; certify
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cursor, -ōris m.runner, courier
ūniversus, -a, -umall together, whole, entire, all
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dēleō, -ēre, dēlēvī, dēlētumdestroy, wipe out
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
senex, senis, m.old man
parvulus, -a, -umvery small, petty
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
dīripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptumplunder
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
epistola, -ae f.letter
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
praedīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictussay beforehand, foretell, predict
festīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhurry, make haste
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
expleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētusfill up, complete; make good
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
celebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthrong; keep (a festival), celebrate
convīvium, -ī n.banquet, dinner party
urbs, urbis, f.city
fleō, -ēre, flēvī, flētumweep
Vulgate, Esther. Latin text: the Clementine Vulgate (1592), as transcribed by the Clementine Vulgate Project, public domain. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English (a literal learner's translation) and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.