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Esther 4

Mordecai urges Esther to act

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Est 4:1Quae cum audīsset Mardochaeus, scidit vestīmenta sua, et indūtus est saccō, spargēns cinerem capitī: et in platēā mediae cīvitātis vōce magnā clāmābat, ostendēns amāritūdinem animī suī, et hōc ējulātū ūsque ad forēs palātiī gradiēns.When Mordecai had heard these things, he tore his garments, and was clothed in sackcloth, sprinkling ash on his head: and in the street in the middle of the city he was crying out with a loud voice, showing the bitterness of his soul, and going with this wailing as far as the doors of the palace. Est 4:2Nōn enim erat licitum indūtum saccō aulam rēgis intrāre.For it was not lawful for one clothed in sackcloth to enter the king's hall. Est 4:3In omnibus quoque prōvinciīs, oppidīs, ac locīs, ad quae crūdēle rēgis dogma pervēnerat, plānctus ingēns erat apud Jūdaeōs, jējūnium, ululātus, et flētus, saccō et cinere multīs prō strātō ūtentibus.In all the provinces too, towns, and places, to which the king's cruel decree had come, there was huge lamentation among the Jews, fasting, howling, and weeping, many using sackcloth and ash for a bed. Est 4:4Ingressae autem sunt puellae Esther et eunūchī, nūntiāvēruntque eī.Now Esther's girls and eunuchs went in, and reported it to her.

Est 4:4Quod audiēns cōnsternāta est, et vestem mīsit, ut ablātō saccō induerent eum: quam accipere nōluit.Hearing this she was dismayed, and sent a garment, so that, the sackcloth having been taken off, they might clothe him: which he would not accept. Est 4:5Accītōque Athach eunūchō, quem rēx ministrum eī dederat, praecēpit eī ut īret ad Mardochaeum, et disceret ab eō cūr hoc faceret.And Hathach the eunuch having been summoned, whom the king had given her as a servant, she instructed him to go to Mordecai, and learn from him why he was doing this. Est 4:6Ēgressusque Athach, īvit ad Mardochaeum stantem in platēā cīvitātis, ante ōstium palātiī: quī indicāvit eī omnia quae acciderant: quōmodo Aman prōmīsisset ut in thēsaurōs rēgis prō Jūdaeōrum nece īnferret argentum.And Hathach, having gone out, went to Mordecai standing in the street of the city, before the door of the palace: who told him all the things that had happened: how Haman had promised that he would bring silver into the king's treasuries for the slaughter of the Jews. Est 4:8Exemplar quoque ēdictī, quod pendēbat in Susan, dedit eī, ut rēgīnae ostenderet, et monēret eam ut intrāret ad rēgem et dēprecārētur eum prō populō suō.A copy also of the edict which was hanging in Susa he gave him, so that he might show it to the queen, and warn her to go in to the king and plead with him for her people.

Est 4:9Regressus Athach, nūntiāvit Esther omnia quae Mardochaeus dīxerat.Hathach, having returned, reported to Esther all the things which Mordecai had said. Est 4:10Quae respondit eī, et jussit ut dīceret Mardochaeō: Omnēs servī rēgis, et cūnctae, quae sub ditiōne ejus sunt, nōrunt prōvinciae, quod sīve vir, sīve mulier nōn vocātus, interius ātrium rēgis intrāverit, absque ūllā cūnctātiōne statim interficiātur: nisi forte rēx auream virgam ad eum tetenderit prō signō clēmentiae, atque ita possit vīvere.She answered him, and ordered him to say to Mordecai: "All the king's servants, and all the provinces which are under his rule, know that whether man or woman, uncalled, enters the inner court of the king, without any delay he is immediately put to death: unless perhaps the king has stretched out the golden rod to him as a sign of clemency, and so he may live. Est 4:11Ego igitur quōmodo ad rēgem intrāre poterō, quae trīgintā jam diēbus nōn sum vocāta ad eum?How then shall I be able to go in to the king, I who for thirty days now have not been called to him?" Est 4:12Quod cum audīsset Mardochaeus, rūrsum mandāvit Esther, dīcēns: Nē putēs quod animam tuam tantum līberēs, quia in domō rēgis es prae cūnctīs Jūdaeīs: sī enim nunc silueris, per aliam occāsiōnem līberābuntur Jūdaeī: et tū, et domus patris tuī, perībitis.When Mordecai had heard this, he sent word again to Esther, saying: "Do not think that you will free only your own life, because you are in the king's house above all the Jews: for if you are silent now, the Jews will be freed by another occasion: and you, and your father's house, will perish.

Est 4:14Et quis nōvit utrum idcircō ad regnum vēnerīs, ut in tālī tempore parārēris?And who knows whether you came to the kingdom for this reason, so that you might be made ready for such a time?" Est 4:15Rūrsumque Esther haec Mardochaeō verba mandāvit: Vāde, et congregā omnēs Jūdaeōs quōs in Susan repereris, et ōrāte prō mē.And again Esther sent these words to Mordecai: "Go, and gather all the Jews whom you find in Susa, and pray for me. Est 4:16Nōn comedātis et nōn bibātis tribus diēbus et tribus noctibus: et ego cum ancillīs meīs similiter jējūnābō, et tunc ingrediar ad rēgem contrā lēgem faciēns, nōn vocāta, trādēnsque mē mortī et perīculō.Do not eat and do not drink for three days and three nights: and I with my handmaids will likewise fast, and then I will go in to the king, acting against the law, uncalled, and handing myself over to death and danger." Est 4:17Īvit itaque Mardochaeus, et fēcit omnia quae eī Esther praecēperat.So Mordecai went, and did all the things which Esther had instructed him.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×3, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (181 words)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
scindō, -ere, scidī, scissumtear down, cut
vestīmentum, -ī n.garment, clothing
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
induō, induere, induī, indūtusput on; clothe
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
saccus, -ī, m.bag, sack
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
cinis, cineris m.ashes
caput, capitis, n.head
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
platēa, -ae f.street, open square
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshout, cry out; proclaim
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
amāritūdō, -inis f.bitterness; grief, anguish
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ēiulātus, -ūs m.wailing, lamentation
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
forēs, -ium f. pl.door, double door; entrance
gradior, gradī, gressus sumstep, walk, go
nōn, adv.not
enim, conj.for
licitus, -a, -umpermitted, lawful
aula, -ae f.courtyard; hall, palace
rēx, rēgis, m.king
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
omnis, -eall, every
quoque, adv.also
prōvincia, -ae f.province; here, the Roman Province in southern Gaul
oppidum, -ī, n.town
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
crūdēlis, -ecruel
dogma, -atis n.decree, ordinance; doctrine
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
plānctus, -ūs m.lamentation, mourning (with beating of the breast)
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
iēiūnium, -ī n.fasting, a fast
ululātus, -ūs m.howling, yelling, war-cry
flētus, -ūs m.weeping
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
strātum, -ī n.bedspread, coverlet; bed
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
puella, -ae, f.girl, maiden
eunūchus, -ī m.eunuch
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
que, enclitic conj.and
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
cōnsternō, -ere, -strāvī, -strātuscover, strew, lay over
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
acciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussummon, send for
minister, -trī m.servant, attendant, helper
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
praecipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake beforehand, anticipate; order, charge
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
discō, discere, didicīlearn
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
cūr, adv.why
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
ēgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo out or forth, go ashore, disembark
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
ōstium, -ī, n.mouth, doorway, door
indicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, reveal, give information; inform against
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
quōmodo (adv.)how; in what way
prōmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or put forth, promise
thēsaurus, -ī m.treasure; storehouse
nex, necis f.death, killing
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
argentum, -ī, n.silver
exemplar, -āris n.model, pattern, example; copy, likeness
ēdictum, -ī n.proclamation, edict (of a magistrate)
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
rēgīna, -ae, f.queen
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
dēprecor, -ārī, -ātus sumbeg to be spared, plead
populus, -ī m.people, nation
regredior, -gredī, -gressusgo back, return
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
servus, -ī, m.slave, servant
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
diciō, -ōnis f.power, rule, control
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
quod, conj.that, in that, because
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
vir, virī, m.man
mulier, mulieris, f.woman
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
interior, -ius, adj.interior, inner
ātrium, -ī, n.hall
absque (prep. + abl.)without, apart from; absque synagōgīs facere: put out of the synagogue
ūllus, -a, -umany
cūnctātiō, -ōnis f.delay, hesitation
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
nisi, conj.if not, unless
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
virga, -ae f.rod, stick, staff
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
clēmentia, -ae, f.mercy, kindness
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
igitur, conj.therefore
trīgintā (indecl.)thirty
iam, adv.now, already
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
rūrsus, adv.again
mandō, -dāre, -dāvī, -dātusput in hand, intrust, commit; charge, command
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
quia (conj.)because
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
prae (prep. + abl.)in comparison with; because of
sī, conj.if
nunc, adv.now
sileō, -ēre, -uībe silent; pass over in silence
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
occāsiō, -ōnis, f.chance, opportunity
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
pater, patris, m.father
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
utrum (conj.)whether (utrum … an: whether … or)
idcircō (adv.)for that reason
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
tālis, -esuch
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
verbum, -ī, n.word
vādō, -erego
congregō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgather together, assemble; pass. flock together
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
comedō, -ere (-esse), -ēdī, -ēsuseat, eat up
bibō, bibere, bibīdrink
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
nox, noctis, f.night
cum, prep, with abl.with
ancilla, -ae f.maidservant, slave girl
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
similiter (adv.)likewise, in the same way
iēiūnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfast, go without food
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
lēx, lēgis f.law
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
mors, mortīs, f.death
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
Vulgate, Esther. Latin text: the Clementine Vulgate (1592), as transcribed by the Clementine Vulgate Project, public domain. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English (a literal learner's translation) and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.