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Vergil · Georgics

Georgics 4.415–452

Aristaeus captures Proteus

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Georg. 4.415Haec ait et liquidum ambrosiae dēfundit odōrem,
quō tōtum nātī corpus perdūxit;
So she speaks, and pours out the liquid fragrance of ambrosia, with which she anointed the whole body of her son;
Georg. 4.416at illī
dulcis compositīs spīrāvit crīnibus aura
atque habilis membrīs vēnit vigor.
and a sweet scent breathed from his ordered hair, and a supple vigour came into his limbs.
Georg. 4.418Est specus ingēns
exēsī latere in montis, quō plūrima ventō
420cōgitur inque sinūs scindit sēsē unda reductōs,
dēprēnsīs ōlim statiō tūtissima nautīs;
There is a huge cave in the side of a hollowed mountain, into which many a wave is driven by the wind and splits itself into receding inlets, at times a very safe anchorage for sailors caught by storms;
Georg. 4.422intus sē vāstī Prōteus tegit obice saxī.inside, Proteus shelters behind the barrier of a vast rock. Georg. 4.423Hīc iuvenem in latebrīs āversum ā lūmine Nympha
collocat;
Here the Nymph places the young man in hiding, turned away from the light;
Georg. 4.424ipsa procul nebulīs obscūra resistit.she herself stands at a distance, veiled in mist.

Georg. 4.425Iam rapidus torrēns sitientēs Sīrius Indōs
ārdēbat, caelō et medium sōl igneus orbem
hauserat;
Now the scorching Dog Star, parching the thirsty Indians, was blazing, and the fiery sun had consumed half his circuit of the sky;
Georg. 4.427ārēbant herbae et cava flūmina siccīs
faucibus ad līmum radiī tepefacta coquēbant:
cum Prōteus cōnsuēta petēns ē flūctibus antra
430ībat;
the grass was withering, and the rays were baking the hollow rivers, their channels dry, heated down to the mud: when Proteus came from the waves, making for his accustomed cave;
Georg. 4.430eum vāstī circum gēns ūmida pontī
exsultāns rōrem lātē dispergit amārum.
around him the watery race of the vast sea, leaping, scatters the bitter spray far and wide.
Georg. 4.432Sternunt sē somnō dīversae in lītore phōcae.The seals stretch out to sleep here and there on the shore. Georg. 4.433Ipse, velut stabulī custōs in montibus ōlim,
vesper ubi ē pāstū vitulōs ad tēcta redūcit,
435audītīsque lupōs acuunt bālātibus agnī,
cōnsīdit scopulō medius numerumque recēnset.
He himself, like the keeper of a fold on the mountains at times, when evening brings the calves home from pasture, and the lambs whet the wolves with the sound of their bleating, sits on a rock in their midst and counts them over.

Georg. 4.437Cuius Aristaeō quoniam est oblāta facultās,
vix dēfessa senem passus compōnere membra
cum clamōre ruit magnō manicīsque iacentem
440occupat.
Since the chance of seizing him was offered to Aristaeus, barely letting the old man settle his weary limbs, he rushes on him with a great shout and pins him with manacles as he lies.
Georg. 4.440Ille suae contrā nōn immemor artis
omnia trānsfōrmat sēsē in mīrācula rērum,
ignemque horribilemque feram fluviumque liquentem.
He in turn, not forgetful of his art, transforms himself into all wondrous things, into fire and a fearsome beast and a flowing river.
Georg. 4.443Vērum ubi nūlla fugam reperit fallācia, victus
in sēsē redit atque hominis tandem ōre locūtus:
445"Nam quis tē, iuvenum cōnfīdentissime, nostrās
iussit adīre domōs?
But when no trick finds an escape, he is beaten and returns to himself, and at last speaks with a man's voice: 'Who, then, most presumptuous of young men, bade you approach our home?
Georg. 4.446Quidve hinc petis?"Or what do you seek here?' Georg. 4.446inquit.he said. Georg. 4.446At ille:
"Scīs, Prōteu, scīs ipse;
And he replied: 'You know, Proteus, you know yourself;
Georg. 4.447neque est tē fallere quicquam
sed tū dēsine velle.
nor is it possible to deceive you in anything; but cease to wish it.

Georg. 4.448Deum praecepta secūtī
vēnimus hinc lapsīs quaesītum ōrācula rēbus."
Following the gods' instructions, we have come here to seek an oracle for my failing fortunes.'
Georg. 4.450Tantum effātus.So much he said. Georg. 4.450Ad haec vātēs vī dēnique multā
ārdentēs oculōs intorsit lūmine glaucō
et graviter frendēns sīc fātīs ōra resolvit.
At this the seer, with great force at last, rolled his eyes blazing with grey-green light, and, gnashing his teeth heavily, thus opened his lips to tell the fates.

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Latin vocabulary for this passage (198 words)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
ambrosia, -ae f.ambrosia, the food or ointment of the gods
dēfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out, pour down
odor, -ōris, m.smell, odor
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
corpus, corporis, n.body
perdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring through, lead, bring
at, conj.but
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dulcis, -esweet
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
spīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbreathe; (of wind) blow
crīnis, -is m.hair, a lock of hair
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
habilis, -ehandy, easy to manage
membrum, -ī, n.limb, member
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
vigor, -ōris m.vigour, energy, liveliness
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
specus, -ūs m.cave, grotto
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
exedō, -ēsse, -ēdī, -ēsuseat away, consume; exēsus: hollowed out, porous
latus, lateris n.side, flank
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
mōns, montis, m.mountain
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
ventus, -ī, m.wind
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
que, enclitic conj.and
sinus, -ūs, m.bosom, lap
scindō, -ere, scidī, scissumtear down, cut
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
unda, -ae, f.wave
redūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring back; restore
dēprendō, -prendere, -prendī, -prēnsusseize, catch; take by surprise
ōlim, adv.once upon a time, once, formerly, of old
statiō, -ōnis f.outpost, picket
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
nauta, -ae, m.sailor
intus (adv.)inside, within
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
obex, -icis m./f.bar, bolt, barrier; obstacle
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
lūmen, -minis, n.light
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
collocō (conlocō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumplace, station; give in marriage
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
nebula, -ae f.mist, cloud
obscūrus, -a, -umdark
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
iam, adv.now, already
rapidus, -a, -umswift; consuming, fierce
torreō, -ēre, torruī, tostusparch, scorch, roast
sitiō, -īre, -īvībe thirsty, thirst
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
igneus, -a, -umof fire, fiery, burning
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustusdraw
āreō, -ēre, āruībe dry; wither
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
cavus, -a, -umhollow
flūmen, -minis, n.river
siccus, -a, -umdry; (n. as noun) dry land
faucēs, -ium f. pl.throat; narrow pass, gorge
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
līmus, -ī, m.mud
radius, -ī m.rod, spoke; ray, beam (of light)
tepefaciō, -ere, -fēcī, -factusmake warm, warm
coquō, -ere, coxī, coctuscook; bake, fire (bricks)
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
flūctus, -ūs m.wave
antrum, -ī, n.cave
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
circum, prep. with acc.around
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
ūmidus, -a, -umwet, damp, moist
exsultō, -āre, -āvīleap up; exult, revel, run riot
rōs, rōris m.dew; sprinkled water
lātēwidely
dispergō, -ere, -spersī, -spersumscatter
amārus, -a, -umbitter
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
phōca, -ae f.seal (the sea animal)
veluteven or just as, as
stabulum, -ī, n.standing-place, stall, stable, inclosure
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
vesper, vesperī, m.evening
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
pāstus, -ūs m.feeding, grazing; pasture, food
vitulus, -ī m.bull calf, young bullock; (Vulgate) the golden calf
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
lupus, -ī m.wolf
acuō, -ere, acuī, acūtussharpen; stimulate
bālātus, -ūs m.bleating
agnus, -ī m.lamb
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
scopulus, -ī m.rock, crag, reef
numerus, -ī, m.number
recēnseō, -ēre, -uī, -suscount, review, muster
quoniam, conj.since now, since
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
facultās, -tātis, f.possibility, opportunity, chance, means
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
dēfessus, -a, -umworn out, exhausted
senex, senis, m.old man
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
cum, prep, with abl.with
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
manica, -ae f.long sleeve; (pl.) handcuffs, manacles
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
nōn, adv.not
immemor (inm-), -orisforgetful, unmindful
ars, artis, f.art
omnis, -eall, every
trānsfōrmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange in shape, transform
mīrāculum, -ī, n.wonder, marvel, miracle
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
ignis, -is, m.fire
horribilis, -edreadful, terrible, horrible
fera, -ae, f.wild animal, beast
fluvius, -ī m.river, stream
liqueō, -ēre, licuībe clear; parum liquet, it is not clear
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
fuga, -ae, f.flight
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
fallācia, -ae f.deceit, trickery
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
homō, hominis, m.man
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
nam, conj.for
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
cōnfīdēns, -entisconfident, self-assured; bold, impudent
noster, -tra, -trumour
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
sed, conj.but
dēsinō, -sinere, -siī, -situsstop, cease (+ inf.)
volō, velle, voluīwish
deus, -ī, m.god
praeceptum, -ī n.instruction, order
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
lābor, lābī, lapsusslip, glide, fall
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
ōrāculum, -ī, n.oracle
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
effor, -fārī, -fātus sumspeak out, pronounce (a solemn formula)
vātēs, -is m. and f.prophet, seer, soothsayer
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
oculus, -ī, m.eye
intorqueō, -ēre, -torsī, -tortushurl, twist into
graviter, adv.severely, seriously
frendō, -ere, —, frēsusgnash the teeth
sīc, adv.so, thus
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
resolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtusuntie, loosen; release; break (bonds, oaths)
Vergil, Georgics. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.