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Vergil · Georgics

Georgics 4.333–386

Cyrene receives her son

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Georg. 4.333At māter sonitum thalamō sub flūminis altī
sēnsit.
But his mother heard the sound in her chamber beneath the deep river.
Georg. 4.334Eam circum Mīlēsia vellera Nymphae
335carpēbant hyalī saturō fūcāta colōre,
drȳmōque Xanthōque Ligeaque Phyllodocēque,
caesariem effūsae nitidam per candida colla,
Nēsaeē Spīōque Thalīaque Cȳmodocēque,
Cydippēque et flāva Lycōrias, altera virgō,
340altera tum prīmōs Lūcīnae experta labōrēs,
Clīōque et Beroē soror, Ōceanītidēs ambae,
ambae aurō, pictīs incīnctae pellibus ambae,
atque Ephyrē atque Ōpis et Asia Dēiopēa
et tandem positīs vēlōx Arethūsa sagittīs.
Around her the Nymphs were spinning Milesian fleeces dyed with a deep glassy colour, Drymo and Xantho and Ligea and Phyllodoce, their shining hair streaming over their white necks, Nesaee and Spio and Thalia and Cymodoce, Cydippe and golden Lycorias, one a maiden, the other having just then known the first pangs of Lucina, and Clio and her sister Beroe, both daughters of Ocean, both girt with gold, both with dappled skins, and Ephyre and Opis and Asian Deiopea, and swift Arethusa, her arrows at last laid aside.
Georg. 4.345Inter quās cūram Clymenē narrābat inānem
Vulcānī Mārtisque dolōs et dulcia fūrta,
āque Chaō dēnsōs Dīvum numerābat amōrēs
carmine quō captae dum fūsīs mollia pēnsa
dēvolvunt, iterum māternās impulit aurēs
350lūctus Aristaeī, vitreīsque sedīlibus omnēs
obstipuēre;
Among them Clymene was telling of the vain watchfulness of Vulcan, and the tricks and sweet thefts of Mars, and was counting the crowded loves of the gods from Chaos onwards; and while, charmed by the song, they unwound the soft wool from their spindles, once again the lament of Aristaeus struck his mother's ears, and all were astonished on their glassy seats;
Georg. 4.351sed ante aliās Arethūsa sorōrēs
prōspiciēns summā flāvum caput extulit undā
et procul: "Ō gemitū nōn frūstrā exterrita tantō,
Cȳrēnē soror, ipse tibi, tua maxima cūra,
355trīstis Aristaeus Pēnēī genitōris ad undam
stat lacrimāns et tē crūdēlem nōmine dīcit."
but before her other sisters Arethusa, looking out, raised her golden head above the surface of the water, and from afar called: 'O Cyrene, my sister, not in vain alarmed by so loud a groaning, it is your Aristaeus himself, your greatest care, who stands in sorrow by the water of father Peneus, weeping, and calls you cruel by name.'
Georg. 4.357Huic percussa novā mentem formīdine māter,
"dūc, age, dūc ad nōs;
To her the mother, her mind struck with a strange dread, said, 'Bring him, come, bring him to us;
Georg. 4.358fās illī līmina Dīvum
tangere," ait.
it is right for him to touch the thresholds of the gods.'
Georg. 4.359Simul alta iubet discēdere lātē
360flūmina, quā iuvenis gressūs īnferret.
At once she bids the deep river part far and wide, to let the young man enter.

Georg. 4.360At illum
curvāta in montis faciem circumstetit unda
accēpitque sinū vāstō mīsitque sub amnem.
And the water, arched into the shape of a mountain, stood around him, and received him in its vast embrace and sent him beneath the river.
Georg. 4.363Iamque domum mīrāns genetrīcis et ūmida regna
spēluncīsque lacūs clausōs lūcōsque sonantēs
365ībat et ingentī mōtū stupefactus aquārum
omnia sub magnā lābentia flūmina terrā
spectābat dīversa locīs, Phāsimque Lycumque
et caput, unde altus prīmum sē ērumpit Enīpeus
unde pater Tiberīnus et unde Aniēna fluenta
370saxōsusque sonāns Hypanis Mȳsusque Caīcus,
et gemina aurātus taurīnō cornua vultū
Ēridanus, quō nōn alius per pinguia culta
in mare purpureum violentior effluit amnis.
And now, marvelling at his mother's home and watery kingdom, and the lakes shut in caves and the echoing groves, he went on, and stunned by the vast movement of the waters he gazed at all the rivers gliding beneath the great earth in their different places, Phasis and Lycus, and the source from which deep Enipeus first bursts forth, from which father Tiber and from which the streams of Anio flow, and rocky, roaring Hypanis and Mysian Caicus, and Eridanus, with gilded horns on his bull-like face, than whom no river flows more violently through rich farmland into the purple sea.

Georg. 4.374Postquam est in thalamī pendentia pūmice tēcta
375perventum et nātī flētūs cognōvit inānēs
Cȳrēnē, manibus liquidōs dant ōrdine fontēs
germānae tōnsīsque ferunt mantēlia villīs;
When he had reached the chamber's roof hung with pumice and Cyrene had learned of her son's vain weeping, her sisters in turn pour clear spring water on his hands, and bring towels of close-shorn nap;
Georg. 4.378pars epulīs onerant mēnsās et plēna repōnunt
pōcula, Panchaeīs adolēscunt ignibus ārae;
some load the tables with a feast and set out full cups again, and the altars blaze with Panchaean fires;
Georg. 4.380et māter, "Cape Maeoniī carchēsia Bacchī:
Oceanō lībēmus," ait.
and his mother said, 'Take the goblets of Maeonian wine: let us pour a libation to Ocean.'
Georg. 4.381Simul ipsa precātur
Oceanumque patrem rērum Nymphāsque sorōrēs
centum quae silvās, centum quae flūmina servant.
At the same time she prays herself to Ocean, father of all things, and to the sister Nymphs who guard a hundred woods, a hundred rivers.
Georg. 4.384Ter liquidō ārdentem perfundit nectare Vestam,
385ter flamma ad summum tēctī subiecta relūxit.
Three times she sprinkles the blazing hearth with clear nectar; three times the flame shot up to the roof and shone again.

Georg. 4.386Ōmine quō firmāns animum sīc incipit ipsa:Strengthening his spirit with this omen, she herself begins thus:

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (223 words)
at, conj.but
māter, mātris, f.mother
sonitus, -ūs, m.sound, noise
thalamus, -ī m.bedroom; marriage bed; marriage
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
flūmen, -minis, n.river
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
circum, prep. with acc.around
Mīlēsius, -a, -umof Miletus, Milesian
vellus, velleris, n.fleece
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
carpō, -ere, -sī, -tuspluck
hyalus, -ī m.glass; the colour of glass, sea-green
saturus, -a, -umfull, sated; (of colour) rich, deep
fūcō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdye, colour; paint, disguise; (ppp.) counterfeit, fake
color, -ōris, m.color
que, enclitic conj.and
caesariēs, -ēī f.hair, a head of hair
effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out
nitidus, -a, -umshining, sleek, well-groomed
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
candidus, -a, -umshining white, bright
collum, -ī, n.neck
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
flāvus, -a, -umyellow, golden
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
tum, adv.then, at that time
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
soror, -ōris, f.sister
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
aurum, -ī, n.gold
pingō, -ere, pīnxī, pictuspaint
incingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird, wrap round, encircle
pellis, -is, f.hide, skin, pelt
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
Asius, -ī m.; Āsius, -a, -umAsius, a Trojan warrior; (adj.) Asian, of the Asian marsh by the Cayster
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
vēlōx, vēlōcisswift, fast
sagitta, -ae, f.arrow
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
narrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustell, relate, narrate
inānis, -eempty
dolus, -ī, m.trick, craft
dulcis, -esweet
fūrtum, -ī, n.theft
ā or ab (the former never used before words beginning with a vowel orh), prep. with abl., away from, from; of; by
chaos n. (acc. chaos, abl. chaō)the formless void; the empty dark of the underworld
dēnsus, -a, -umthick
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
numerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, number; reckon, count as
amor, -ōris, m.love
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
fūsus, -ī m.spindle
mollis, -esoft, weak
pēnsum, -ī n.weight of wool for spinning; task; nihil pēnsī habēre: care nothing for
dēvolvō, -ere, -volvī, -volūtusroll down; (pass.) fall back, sink back
iterum, adv.again, a second time
māternus, -a, -umof a mother, maternal
impellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive or urge on, incite, urge
auris, -is, f.ear
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
vitreus, -a, -umof glass; glassy, clear, sparkling
sedīle, -is n.seat, bench
omnis, -eall, every
obstipēscō (obstupēscō), -ere, -stipuībe amazed, be struck dumb
sed, conj.but
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
prōspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumlook ahead, provide for (+ dat.)
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
caput, capitis, n.head
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
unda, -ae, f.wave
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ō (interj.)O! oh!
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
nōn, adv.not
frūstrā, adv.in vain
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
genitor, -ōris m.father
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
lacrimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusweep, shed tears
crūdēlis, -ecruel
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
percutiō, -cutere, -cussī, -cussusstrike through, strike
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
formīdō, -inis f.fear, dread; something to be dreaded
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
nōsplur. of ego
fās (indecl.) n.what is right by divine law (fās est: it is allowed)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
lātēwidely
quā, adv.in which place, where
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
gressus, -ūs m.step, pace; course
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
curvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbend, curve
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
mōns, montis, m.mountain
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
circumstō, -stāre, -stetīstand around
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
sinus, -ūs, m.bosom, lap
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
amnis, -is m.river
iam, adv.now, already
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
genetrīx, -īcis f.mother
ūmidus, -a, -umwet, damp, moist
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
spēlunca, -ae, f.cave, cavern
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
lūcus, -ī m.sacred grove
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
stupefaciō, -ere, -fēcī, -factusstun, astonish
aqua, -ae, f.water
lābor, lābī, lapsusslip, glide, fall
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
unde, adv.whence
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ērumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptumburst out, sally
pater, patris, m.father
Aniēnus, -a, -umof the Anio, the river flowing into the Tiber above Rome
fluentum, -ī n.stream, flow (usually pl.)
saxōsus, -a, -umrocky, stony
Mȳsus, -a, -umMysian, of Mysia in north-west Asia Minor
aurātus, -a, -umgilded, golden
taurīnus, -a, -umof a bull, bull's
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
pinguis, -efat
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
mare, maris, n.sea
purpureus, -a, -umpurple, dyed purple
violentus, -a, -umviolent, forceful
effluō, -fluere, -flūxīflow out; slip away, be lost
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
pūmex, -icis m.pumice stone
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
flētus, -ūs m.weeping
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
manus, -ūs, f.hand
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
germāna, -ae f.sister
tondeō, -ēre, totondī, tōnsumshear, clip
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
mantēle, -is n. (pl. mantēlia)towel, napkin
villus, -ī m.shaggy hair; nap (of cloth)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
epulae, -ārum f. pl.feast, banquet
onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusload, burden
mēnsa, -ae f.table
plēnus, -a, -umfull
repōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set back; store up or away
pōculum, -ī, n.cup
Panchaeus (Panchāius), -a, -umof Panchaia, a fabled spice land in Arabia; incense-bearing
adolēscō, -ere, adolēvī, adultusgrow up
ignis, -is, m.fire
āra, -ae, f.altar
Maeonius, -a, -umMaeonian, Lydian; (loosely) Phrygian, Asiatic
carchēsium, -ī n.drinking cup with handles, used for libations
lībō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspour as an offering; taste, sip; touch lightly
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
ter (adv.)three times
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
perfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour over, drench; fill (with a feeling)
nectar, -aris n.nectar, the drink of the gods; (of bees) honey
flamma, -ae, f.flame
subiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow or place under
relūceō, -ēre, -lūxīshine back, glow
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sīc, adv.so, thus
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
Vergil, Georgics. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.