| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| pecus, pecoris, n. | herd, flock, cattle |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| dīlēctus, -ūs m. | levy, recruitment of soldiers; dīlēctum habēre: hold a levy |
| equīnus, -a, -um | of a horse, horse's |
| tū, tuī, pers. pron. | thou, you |
| modo, adv. | only |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| spēs, speī, f. | hope |
| statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtus | cause to stand; decide, resolve |
| submittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum | send (as help) |
| gēns, gentis, f. | race, nation |
| praecipuus, -a, -um | special, particular, outstanding |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| inde (adv.) | from there; then |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| tener, -era, -erum | young, tender |
| impendō, -ere, -pendī, -pēnsus | spend, devote (time, money, effort) |
| labor, -ōris, m. | labor, toil |
| continuō (adv.) | at once, immediately |
| generōsus, -a, -um | of good family, well-born |
| pullus, -ī m. | young animal; colt (of a donkey) |
| arvum, -ī n. | ploughed field, field |
| altē (adv.) | high; deep |
| ingredior, -ī, ingressus sum | go into, enter |
| mollis, -e | soft, weak |
| crūs, crūris, n. | leg |
| repōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positus | put or set back; store up or away |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| eō, īre, iī, itus | go |
| via, -ae, f. | road, way |
| fluvius, -ī m. | river, stream |
| temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | try, attempt |
| mināx, -ācis | threatening |
| audeō, audēre, ausus sum | dare |
| ignōtus, -a, -um | unknown |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle |
| pōns, pontis, m. | bridge |
| vānus, -a, -um | empty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain |
| horreō, -ēre, horruī | shudder at, dread |
| strepitus, -ūs m. | noise, din |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| arduus, -a, -um | steep, difficult |
| cervīx, -īcis f. | neck (often pl.) |
| argūtus, -a, -um | clear-sounding, shrill, rustling; sharp, clever |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| caput, capitis, n. | head |
| brevis, -e | short |
| alvus, -ī f. | belly, womb; hollow |
| obēsus, -a, -um | fat, plump; swollen |
| tergum, -ī, n. | back |
| luxuriō, -āre, -āvī | grow rank; run riot, grow soft through ease |
| torus, -ī m. | cushion, mattress; couch |
| animōsus, -a, -um | high-spirited, bold, proud |
| pectus, pectoris, n. | breast |
| honestus, -a, -um | respected, honourable |
| spādīx, -īcis m. | chestnut-brown horse, bay |
| color, -ōris, m. | color |
| dēterior, -ius | worse, poorer |
| albus, -a, -um | white |
| gilvus, -a, -um | pale yellow, dun |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| sī, conj. | if |
| quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. | any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something |
| sonus, -ī m. | sound |
| procul, adv. | at or from a distance, far |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| stō, stāre, stetī, status | stand |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| nesciō, -scīre, -scīvī | not know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also) |
| micō, -āre, -uī | flash, glitter |
| auris, -is, f. | ear |
| tremō, -ere, -uī | tremble, shake |
| artūs, -uum m. pl. | joints; limbs, body |
| colligō, -ere, -lēgī, -lēctum | gather, collect (sē colligere: recover oneself) |
| premō, premere, pressī, pressus | press, check, restrain |
| volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtus | roll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere) |
| sub, prep. with acc. and abl. | under; sub vesperum, towards evening |
| nāris, -is f. | nostril; (pl.) nose |
| ignis, -is, m. | fire |
| dēnsus, -a, -um | thick |
| iuba, -ae f. | mane |
| dexter, -tra, -trum | right |
| iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | toss about; discuss |
| recumbō, -cumbere, -cubuī | lie back or down |
| armus, -ī m. | shoulder; (of a horse) flank, side |
| at, conj. | but |
| duplex, -icis | double |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | drive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| lumbus, -ī m. | loin, waist |
| spīna, -ae f. | thorn, thornbush |
| cavō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hollow out |
| tellūs, -ūris f. | earth, land (poetic) |
| solidus, -a, -um | whole, complete, solid |
| graviter, adv. | severely, seriously |
| sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitus | make a sound, sound |
| ungula, -ae f. | hoof |
| cornū, -ūs, n. | horn |
| tālis, -e | such |
| Amyclaeus, -a, -um | of Amyclae near Sparta; Spartan |
| domō, -āre, -uī, -itus | tame, subdue, master |
| habēna, -ae f. | rein |
| meminī, meminisse | remember |
| poēta, -ae, m. | poet |
| equus, -ī, m. | horse |
| biiugis, -e | yoked two together; (of horses) drawing a two-horse chariot |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| currus, -ūs, m. | chariot, car |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| effundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsus | pour out |
| coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f. | spouse, husband, wife |
| adventus, -ūs, m. | approach, arrival |
| pernīx, -īcis | swift, nimble |
| altus, -a, -um | high, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep |
| hinnītus, -ūs m. | neighing |
| fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrus | flee, run away |
| impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum | fill; fulfil, complete |
| acūtus, -a, -um | sharp, pointed |