| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| animadvertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versus | turn the mind to, observe |
| īnstō, -āre, -stitī | press on; be at hand |
| sub, prep. with acc. and abl. | under; sub vesperum, towards evening |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| impendō, -ere, -pendī, -pēnsus | spend, devote (time, money, effort) |
| cūra, -ae f. | care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern) |
| dēnsus, -a, -um | thick |
| distendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch out, stretch apart |
| pinguis, -e | fat |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| legō, legere, lēgī, lēctus | choose, pick out; read |
| dux, ducis, m. and f. | leader, commander |
| pecus, pecoris, n. | herd, flock, cattle |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| marītus, -ī, m. | husband |
| flōreō, -ēre, -uī | flourish, be prosperous |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| secō, -āre, secuī, sectus | cut; (of fodder) mow |
| herba, -ae, f. | herb, plant |
| fluvius, -ī m. | river, stream |
| ministrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | serve, wait on (+ dat.) |
| fār, farris, n. | grain; meal |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| blandus, -a, -um | coaxing, caressing, charming |
| nequeō, -īre, -īvī | be unable, cannot |
| supersum, -esse, -fuī | be over or left, remain |
| labor, -ōris, m. | labor, toil |
| invalidus, -a, -um | weak, infirm |
| pater, patris, m. | father |
| referō, referre, rettulī, relātus | bring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia |
| iēiūnium, -ī n. | fasting, a fast |
| nātus, -ī m. | son; (pl.) children |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| autem, conj. | moreover; but, however; now |
| maciēs, -ēī f. | leanness, thinness, wasting |
| tenuō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | make thin; thin out |
| armentum, -ī n. | herd (of cattle) |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| ubi, adv. | where; conj., when |
| concubitus, -ūs m. | lying together, sexual union, mating |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| iam, adv. | now, already |
| nōtus, -a, -um | known, well-known, famous |
| voluptās, -tātis, f. | pleasure |
| sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | stir up, tempt |
| frōns, frondis f. | leafy branch, foliage |
| negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | say no or not, deny, refuse |
| fōns, fontis, m. | fountain, spring |
| arceō, -ēre, -uī | keep off, keep away, shut out |
| saepe, adv. | often, frequently |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| cursus, -ūs, m. | running, speed; course, route, voyage; race |
| quatiō, -ere, —, quassus | shake, beat |
| sōl, sōlis, m. | sun |
| fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | tire, wear out |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| graviter, adv. | severely, seriously |
| tundō, -ere, tutudī, tūnsum | beat, strike |
| gemō, -ere, -uī, -itus | groan; lament |
| ārea, -ae f. | open space, site, building plot |
| frūx, frūgis f. (usu. pl.) | crops, produce |
| surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctus | rise, get up, stand up |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| palea, -ae f. | chaff, straw |
| iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | toss about; discuss |
| inānis, -e | empty |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| nimius, -a, -um | excessive, too great |
| luxus, -ūs m. | extravagance, luxury |
| obtūnsior, -ius (compar. of obtūnsus) | blunter, duller |
| ūsus, -ūs, m. | use; experience |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| genitālis, -e | of birth, generative, fruitful |
| arvum, -ī n. | ploughed field, field |
| sulcus, -ī m. | furrow; trench |
| oblīmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | cover or choke with mud; squander |
| iners, -ertis | sluggish, idle, unmanly |
| sed, conj. | but |
| rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tus | seize, snatch |
| sitiō, -īre, -īvī | be thirsty, thirst |
| interius (adv.) | further in, more inwardly, deep within |
| recondō, -ere, -didī, -ditus | put away, hide, store |