| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| frūstrā, adv. | in vain |
| signum, -ī, n. | sign, signal |
| obitus, -ūs m. | death |
| speculor, -ārī, -ātus sum | spy, watch |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| ortus, -ūs m. | rising (ortus sōlis: sunrise) |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| pār, paris | equal |
| dīversus, -a, -um | turned different ways, opposite, contrary, different |
| quattuor, indecl. adj. | four |
| annus, -ī, m. | year |
| frīgidus, -a, -um | cold |
| agricola, -ae m. | farmer, tiller of the soil |
| sī, conj. | if |
| quandō (adv.) | when; (after sī) ever |
| contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold together, keep within, shut up in; bound |
| imber, imbris, m. | rain, shower |
| multus, -a, -um | much, great; plur., many |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| mox, adv. | soon |
| caelum, -ī, n. | heaven, sky |
| properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hasten |
| serēnus, -a, -um | clear, calm, fair |
| mātūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | ripen; hasten |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| dūrus, -a, -um | hard; harsh; difficult |
| prōcūdō, -ere, -cūdī, -cūsus | hammer out, forge |
| arātor, -ōris m. | ploughman |
| vōmer, -eris m. | ploughshare |
| obtundō, -ere, -tudī, -tūsum | blunt; obtūsus: blunt |
| dēns, dentis, m. | tooth |
| cavō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hollow out |
| arbor, -oris, f. | tree |
| linter, lintris, f. | boat, skiff |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| pecus, pecoris, n. | herd, flock, cattle |
| numerus, -ī, m. | number |
| imprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressus | press upon, press into |
| acervus, -ī m. | heap, pile |
| exacuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtus | sharpen; spur on, rouse |
| alius, -a, -ud | another, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others |
| vallus, -ī m. | stake, palisade post |
| furca, -ae f. | a fork; a forked frame put on the neck of a criminal for flogging |
| bicornis, -e | two-pronged, two-horned |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| Amerīnus, -a, -um | of Ameria in Umbria |
| parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | make ready, prepare |
| lentus, -a, -um | slow, sluggish |
| retināculum, -ī n. | rope, cable, mooring-line |
| vītis, -is f. | vine |
| nunc, adv. | now |
| facilis, -e (comp. facilior) | easy |
| rubeus, -a, -um | of bramble |
| texō, -ere, -uī, -tus | weave |
| fiscina, -ae f. | a small wicker basket |
| virga, -ae f. | rod, stick, staff |
| torreō, -ēre, torruī, tostus | parch, scorch, roast |
| ignis, -is, m. | fire |
| frūx, frūgis f. (usu. pl.) | crops, produce |
| frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctus | break; dash to pieces, wreck |
| saxum, -ī, n. | rock, stone |
| quippe (adv.) | of course, indeed, for |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| fēstus, -a, -um | of a holiday, festive; diēs fēstus, feast day |
| quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron. | a certain, certain |
| exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitus | exercise |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| fās (indecl.) n. | what is right by divine law (fās est: it is allowed) |
| iūs, iūris, n. | right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath |
| sinō, -ere, sīvī, situs | allow, permit, let |
| rīvus, -ī m. | stream, brook |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| nūllus, -a, -um | not any, none, no |
| religiō, -ōnis f. | religious scruple, religious duty |
| vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitum | forbid |
| seges, -etis f. | field of grain, standing crop |
| praetendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentus | hold out in front; put forward, make a pretext of |
| saepēs, -is f. | hedge |
| īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur. | ambush; plot, stratagem |
| avis, -is, f. | bird |
| mōlior, -īrī, -ītus sum | work at, contrive, plot |
| incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsum | set on fire, burn |
| veprēs, -is m. (mostly pl.) | thorn bush, brambles |
| bālō, -āre | bleat; balantes: sheep |
| grex, gregis m. | flock, herd; band, gang |
| fluvius, -ī m. | river, stream |
| mersō, -āre | dip, plunge, immerse |
| salūbris, -e | healthy, wholesome |
| saepe, adv. | often, frequently |
| oleum, -ī n. | olive oil, oil |
| tardus, -a, -um | slow |
| costa, -ae f. | rib; side |
| agitātor, -ōris m. | driver, charioteer |
| asellus, -ī m. | young donkey, little ass |
| vīlis, -e | cheap, worthless |
| onerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | load, burden |
| pōmum, -ī, n. | fruit, apple |
| lapis, -idis, m. | stone |
| revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertī | turn back, return |
| incūdō, -ere, -cūsī, -cūsus | hammer, forge; lapis incūsus: a dressed millstone |
| āter, ātra, ātrum | black, dark; gloomy |
| massa, -ae f. | lump, mass |
| pix, picis f. | pitch |
| urbs, urbis, f. | city |
| reportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātus | carry or bring back |