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Vergil · Aeneid VIII

Aeneid 8.470–519

Evander offers an Etruscan alliance

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Aen. 8.470Māxumē Teucrōrum ductor, quō sōspite numquam
rēs equidem Troiae victās aut regna fatēbor,
nōbīs ad bellī auxilium prō nōmine tantō
exiguae vīrēs: hinc Tuscō claudimur amnī,
hinc Rutulus premit et mūrum circumsonat armīs.
'Greatest leader of the Teucrians, while you are safe I shall never admit that the fortunes or the realm of Troy are conquered; we have but small strength to help in war for so great a name: on this side we are shut in by the Tuscan river, on that the Rutulian presses us and makes our wall ring with arms.
Aen. 8.475Sed tibi ego ingentīs populōs opulentaque regnīs
iungere castra parō, quam fors inopīna salūtem
ostentat: fātīs hūc tē poscentibus adfers.
But I am preparing to join to you mighty peoples and a camp rich in kingdoms, a deliverance which unforeseen chance reveals: you come here at the call of the fates.
Aen. 8.478Haud procul hinc saxō incolitur fundāta vetustō
urbis Agyllīnae sēdēs, ubi Lȳdia quondam
480gēns, bellō praeclāra, iugīs īnsēdit Etrūscīs.
Not far from here, founded on ancient rock, lies the inhabited site of the city of Agylla, where once the Lydian race, famous in war, settled on the Etruscan hills.

Aen. 8.481Hanc multōs flōrentem annōs rēx deinde superbō
imperiō et saevīs tenuit Mezentius armīs.
This city, flourishing for many years, King Mezentius then held with arrogant rule and savage arms.
Aen. 8.483Quid memorem īnfandās caedēs, quid facta tyrannī
effera?
Why should I tell of the tyrant's unspeakable murders, why his savage deeds?
Aen. 8.484Dī capitī ipsīus generīque reservent!May the gods keep them in store for his own head and his race! Aen. 8.485Mortua quīn etiam iungēbat corpora vīvīs
compōnēns manibusque manūs atque ōribus ōra,
tormentī genus, et saniē tābōque fluentīs
complexū in miserō longā sīc morte necābat.
He would even bind dead bodies to the living, fitting hands to hands and mouths to mouths, a kind of torture, and so, as they streamed with gore and corruption in that wretched embrace, he would kill them by a slow death.
Aen. 8.489at fessī tandem cīvēs īnfanda furentem
490armātī circumsistunt ipsumque domumque,
obtruncant sociōs, ignem ad fastīgia iactant.
But at last the citizens, worn out, take up arms and surround him in his unspeakable frenzy, him and his house, cut down his followers, and hurl fire onto his roof.

Aen. 8.492Ille inter caedem Rutulōrum ēlāpsus in agrōs
cōnfugere et Turnī dēfendier hospitis armīs.
He, slipping away amid the slaughter, takes refuge in the fields of the Rutulians and is defended by the arms of his host Turnus.
Aen. 8.494Ergō omnis furiīs surrēxit Etrūria iūstīs:
495rēgem ad supplicium praesentī Mārte reposcunt.
So all Etruria has risen in righteous fury: they demand the king for punishment with immediate war.
Aen. 8.496hīs ego tē, Aenēa, ductōrem mīlibus addam.To these thousands I shall add you, Aeneas, as leader. Aen. 8.497Tōtō namque fremunt condēnsae lītore puppēs
Signaque ferre iubent;
For their ships, packed close along the whole shore, are clamouring and calling for the standards to advance;
Aen. 8.498retinet longaevus haruspex
fāta canēns, Ō Maeoniae dēlēcta iuventūs,
500flōs veterum virtūsque virum, quōs iūstus in hostem
fert dolor et meritā accendit Mezentius īrā,
nūllī fās Ītalō tantam subiungere gentem:
externōs optāte ducēs;
an aged soothsayer holds them back, chanting the fates: "O chosen youth of Maeonia, flower and valour of men of old, whom just grief drives against the enemy and whom Mezentius kindles with deserved anger, it is not lawful for any Italian to subdue so great a people: choose foreign leaders."

Aen. 8.503tum Etrūsca resēdit
hōc aciēs campō, monitīs exterrita dīvom.
Then the Etruscan army settled down on this plain, terrified by the warnings of the gods.
Aen. 8.505Ipse ōrātōrēs ad mē regnīque corōnam
cum scēptrō mīsit mandatque īnsignia Tarchōn,
succēdam castrīs Tyrrhēnaque regna capessam.
Tarchon himself has sent envoys to me with the crown of the kingdom and the sceptre, and entrusts me with the insignia, bidding me come to the camp and take up the Tyrrhenian realm.
Aen. 8.508Sed mihi tarda gelū saeclīsque effēta senectūs
invidet imperium sēraeque ad fortia vīrēs.
But old age, slow with frost and worn out by the years, and strength too late for brave deeds, begrudge me command.
Aen. 8.510nātum exhortārer, nī mīxtus mātre Sabellā
hinc partem patriae traheret.
I would urge my son, were it not that, being of mixed blood through a Sabine mother, he draws part of his homeland from here.
Aen. 8.511Tū, cuius et annīs
et generī fātum indulgent, quem nūmina poscunt,
ingredere, ō Teucrum atque Italum fortissimē ductor.
You, to whose years and race fate is kind, whom the gods call, go forward, bravest leader of the Teucrians and Italians.

Aen. 8.514hunc tibi praetereā, spēs et sōlācia nostrī,
515Pallanta adiungam;
Besides, I shall join to you this Pallas, our hope and comfort;
Aen. 8.515sub tē tolerāre magistrō
mīlitiam et grave Mārtis opus, tua cernere facta
adsuēscat prīmīs et tē mīrētur ab annīs.
under you as his teacher let him grow used to enduring warfare and the heavy work of Mars, to watching your deeds, and let him admire you from his earliest years.
Aen. 8.518Arcadas huic equitēs bis centum, rōbora pūbis
lēcta dabō totidemque suō tibi nōmine Pallās.
To him I shall give two hundred Arcadian horsemen, the chosen strength of our youth, and Pallas in his own name will give you as many.'

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×3, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (232 words)
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
ductor, -ōris m.leader, guide
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
sōspes, -itissafe and sound, unharmed
numquam, adv.never
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
equidem (adv.)indeed, truly; for my part
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
nōsplur. of ego
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
bellum, -ī, n.war
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
exiguus, -a, -umsmall, scanty, short
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
Tuscus, -a, -umEtruscan, Tuscan; Tuscus amnis: the Tiber
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
amnis, -is m.river
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
circumsonō, -āreresound around, fill with noise; surround with noise
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
sed, conj.but
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
populus, -ī m.people, nation
opulentus, -a, -umrich, wealthy, powerful
que, enclitic conj.and
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
fors, fortis f.chance, luck
inopīnus, -a, -umunexpected
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
ostentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshow, display; show off
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
adferō, adferre, attulī, adlātusbear to, bring
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
incolō, -colere, -coluīinhabit
fundō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslay the foundations of, found, establish
vetustus, -a, -umold, ancient, long-established
urbs, urbis, f.city
Agyllīnus, -a, -umof Agylla (Caere), a town of Etruria
sēdēs, -is, f.seat, abode
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
Lȳdius, -a, -umLydian; here Etruscan, since the Etruscans were thought to come from Lydia
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
praeclārus, -clāra, -clārumvery bright; splendid, remarkable, famous
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
īnsīdō, -ere, -sēdī, -sessussettle on; become fixed in
Etrūscus, -a, -umEtruscan
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
flōreō, -ēre, -uīflourish, be prosperous
annus, -ī, m.year
rēx, rēgis, m.king
deinde, adv.then, next
superbus, -a, -umproud, arrogant, haughty
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusremind of, mention
īnfandus, -a, -umunspeakable, monstrous
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
factum, -ī n.deed, act
tyrannus, -ī m.tyrant, despot
efferus, -a, -umwild, savage, frantic
deus, -ī, m.god
caput, capitis, n.head
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
reservō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumkeep back, save
mortuus, -a, -umdead
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
corpus, corporis, n.body
vīvus, -a, -umalive, living
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
manus, -ūs, f.hand
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
tormentum, -ī n.artillery, siege engine
saniēs, -ēī f.blood and gore, venom
tābum, -ī n.gore, putrid blood; plague
fluō, -ere, flūxīflow
complexus, -ūs m.embrace
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
sīc, adv.so, thus
mors, mortīs, f.death
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
at, conj.but
fessus, -a, -umexhausted, worn out, weary
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
armātus, -a, -umarmed
circumsistō, -ere, circumstetīstand around, surround
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
obtruncō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscut down, kill
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
ignis, -is, m.fire
fastīgium, -ī n.top, summit; slope; height
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtoss about; discuss
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
ēlābor, -lābī, -lāpsus sumslip away, escape
ager, agri, m.field, land
cōnfugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee for refuge
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
omnis, -eall, every
furiae, -ārum f. pl.frenzy, rage; the Furies
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
iūstus, -a, -umjust
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
praesēns, -sentis, adj.present, immediate, imminent
reposcō, -eredemand back, claim
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
namque, conj.for
fremō, -ere, -uī, -itumroar, growl; grumble (in + acc.: at)
condēnsus, -a, -umcrowded closely together
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
puppis, -is f.stern of a ship
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
longaevus, -a, -umaged, of great age
haruspex, -icis m.soothsayer who read the will of the gods from the entrails of sacrifices
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
ō (interj.)O! oh!
Maeonius, -a, -umMaeonian, Lydian; (loosely) Phrygian, Asiatic
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
iuventūs, -ūtis f.youth; the young men
flōs, flōris m.flower
vetus, veterisold, former
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
vir, virī, m.man
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
meritus, -a, -umdeserved, due, just
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
īra, -ae, f.anger, wrath
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
fās (indecl.) n.what is right by divine law (fās est: it is allowed)
Ītalus, -a, -umItalian
subiungō, -ere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusharness, yoke beneath; subject, subdue
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswish for, desire; pray for
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
tum, adv.then, at that time
resīdō, -sīdere, -sēdīsettle down, subside
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
monitum, -ī n.warning, advice, command
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
ōrātor, -ōris m.speaker; envoy
corōna, -ae f.crown, wreath (sub corōnā vēndere: sell as slaves)
cum, prep, with abl.with
scēptrum, -ī n.sceptre; royal power
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
mandō, -dāre, -dāvī, -dātusput in hand, intrust, commit; charge, command
īnsigne, -is n.badge, mark, decoration
succēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo or come under, follow after, succeed
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
capessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītustake hold of; rem pūblicam capessere: go into public life
tardus, -a, -umslow
gelū, -ūs n.frost, cold, ice
saeculum, -ī n.generation, age; century
effētus, -a, -umworn out, exhausted (as by bearing young)
senectūs, -tūtis f.old age
invideō, -ēre, invīdī, invīsum (+ dat.)envy, be jealous of
sērus, -a, -umlate
fortis, -ebrave
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
exhortor, -ārī, -ātus sumencourage, urge on
nī (conj.)if not, unless (= nisi)
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
māter, mātris, f.mother
Sabellus, -a, -umSabellian, Sabine
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
indulgeō, -ēre, indulsī (+ dat.)be kind to, favour
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
fortiter, adv.bravely
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
spēs, speī, f.hope
sōlācium, -ī n.comfort, consolation
adiungo, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin to, join
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
tolerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbear, endure; keep off (hunger)
magister, -trī, m.master
mīlitia, -ae f.military service
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
opus, operis, n.work, task
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
assuēscō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed, get used to
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
bis (adv.)twice
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
pūbēs, -is f.youth, young men; adult population
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
totidem (indecl.)just as many
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
Vergil, Aeneid VIII. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.