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Vergil · Aeneid VII

Aeneid 7.37–80

King Latinus and the omens

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Aen. 7.37Nunc age, quī rēgēs, Eratō, quae tempora rērum,
Quis Latiō antīquō fuerit status, advena classem
cum prīmum Ausoniīs exercitus appulit ōrīs,
40expediam et prīmae revocābō exōrdia pugnae.
Now come, Erato: who were the kings, what was the state of affairs, what the condition of ancient Latium when first the foreign army brought its fleet to the Ausonian shores, I will unfold, and I will recall the beginnings of the first battle.
Aen. 7.41tū vātem, tū, dīva, monē.You, goddess, you must prompt your poet. Aen. 7.41Dīcam horrida bella,
dīcam aciēs āctōsque animīs in fūnera rēgēs
Tyrrhēnamque manum tōtamque sub arma coāctam
Hesperiam.
I will tell of dreadful wars, I will tell of battle lines and of kings driven by their passions to death, of the Tyrrhenian band and all Hesperia forced under arms.
Aen. 7.44Maior rērum mihi nāscitur ōrdō,
45maius opus moveō.Rēx arva Latīnus et urbēs
iam senior longā placidās in pāce regēbat.
A greater order of events is born for me; I set in motion a greater work. King Latinus, now growing old, was ruling over fields and towns calm in a long peace.

Aen. 7.47Hunc Faunō et nymphā genitum Laurente Marīcā
accipimus, Faunō Pīcus pater isque parentem
tē, Sāturne, refert, tū sanguinis ultimus auctor.
He, we are told, was born of Faunus and the Laurentine nymph Marica; Faunus' father was Picus, and he names you, Saturn, as his parent; you are the first founder of the line.
Aen. 7.50fīlius huic fātō dīvom prōlēsque virīlis
nūlla fuit prīmāque oriēns ērepta iuventa est.
By the fate of the gods he had no son, no male offspring; the one he had was snatched away in the first bloom of youth.
Aen. 7.52Sōla domum et tantās servābat fīlia sēdēs,
iam mātūra virō, iam plēnīs nūbilis annīs.
A daughter alone was keeping the house and its great estate, now ripe for a husband, now of full marriageable age.
Aen. 7.54Multī illam magnō ē Latiō tōtāque petēbant
55Ausoniā.
Many from great Latium and all Ausonia sought her hand.
Aen. 7.55Petit ante aliōs pulcherrimus omnīs
Turnus, avīs atavīsque potēns, quem rēgia coniūnx
adiungī generum mīrō properābat amōre;
Before all others sought her Turnus, most handsome of all, mighty in his grandfathers and forefathers, whom the royal wife was eager, with wondrous love, to see joined to her as son-in-law;
Aen. 7.58sed variīs portenta deum terrōribus obstant.but portents from the gods stand in the way, with various terrors.

Aen. 7.59Laurus erat tēctī mediō in penetrālibus altīs,
60sacra comam multōsque metū servāta per annōs,
quam pater inventam, prīmās cum conderet arcēs,
ipse ferēbātur Phoebō sacrāsse Latīnus
Laurentīsque ab eā nōmen posuisse colōnīs.
In the middle of the palace, in the high inner courts, there was a laurel, sacred in its foliage and preserved with awe for many years, which father Latinus himself, it was said, had found when he was founding his first citadel and had consecrated to Phoebus, and from it had given its name to his settlers, the Laurentines.
Aen. 7.64Huius apēs summum dēnsae (mīrābile dictū),
65strīdōre ingentī liquidum trāns aethera vectae,
obsēdēre apicem, ex pedibus per mūtua nexīs
exāmen subitum rāmō frondente pependit.
On its very top a dense swarm of bees (wonderful to tell), borne with a loud humming through the clear air, settled on the crown, and, their feet linked together, the sudden swarm hung from the leafy branch.
Aen. 7.68Continuō vātēs: Externum cernimus, inquit,
adventāre virum et partīs petere agmen eāsdem
70partibus ex īsdem et summā dominārier arce.
At once the seer said: 'We see a foreign man approaching, and a host seeking the same parts from the same parts, and lording it on the topmost citadel.'
Aen. 7.71Praetereā, castīs adolet dum altāria taedīs
et iūxtā genitōrem adstat Lāvīnia virgō,
vīsa (nefās) longīs comprendere crīnibus ignem,
75rēgālīsque accēnsa comās, accēnsa corōnam
īnsignem gemmīs, tum fūmida lūmine fulvō
involvī ac tōtīs Volcānum spargere tēctīs.
Moreover, while she was kindling the altars with pure torches, standing beside her father, the maiden Lavinia seemed (horror!) to catch fire in her long hair, her royal tresses alight, alight her crown shining with jewels; then, wrapped in smoke and yellow light, to scatter fire throughout the whole palace.

Aen. 7.78Id vērō horrendum ac vīsū mīrābile ferrī:
namque fore inlūstrem fāmā fātīsque canēbant
80ipsam, sed populō magnum portendere bellum.
That indeed was reported as a dreadful and wondrous sight: for they prophesied that she herself would be glorious in fame and fortune, but that she foretold a great war for her people.

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Grammar in this passage: indirect statement ×7, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (195 words)
nunc, adv.now
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
rēx, rēgis, m.king
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
antīquus, -a, -umancient
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
status, -ūs m.condition, state
advena, -ae m.newcomer, stranger, foreigner
classis, -is f.fleet
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
Ausonius, -a, -umAusonian, Italian (Ausonia: a poetic name for Italy)
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
appellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive to, bring to; with or without nāvem, put in
ōra, -ae f.coast, shore
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcall back, recall
exōrdium, -ī n.beginning, start
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
vātēs, -is m. and f.prophet, seer, soothsayer
dīva, -ae f.goddess
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
horridus, -a, -umrough, wild, frightening
bellum, -ī, n.war
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
que, enclitic conj.and
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
fūnus, -eris n.funeral
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
manus, -ūs, f.hand
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
opus, operis, n.work, task
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
urbs, urbis, f.city
iam, adv.now, already
senior, -ōris m.elder; seniores: the elders (of the people)
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
placidus, -a, -umcalm, gentle
pāx, pācis f.peace
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
nympha, -ae, f.nymph
gignō, gignere, genuī, genitusproduce, bring forth
Laurēns, -entisof Laurentum, Laurentine (ager Laurēns: the land around Laurentum, on the coast of Latium)
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
pater, patris, m.father
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
fīlius, -ī, m.son
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
dīvus, -ī m. (gen. pl. also dīvum, dīvom)god
prōlēs, -is f.offspring, children
virīlis, -eof a man, male; n. pl. as noun: a man's private parts
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
iuventa, -ae f.youth, the time of youth
sōlus, -a, -umalone
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
fīlia, -ae, f.daughter
sēdēs, -is, f.seat, abode
mātūrus, -a, -umripe
vir, virī, m.man
plēnus, -a, -umfull
nūbilis, -eof an age to marry, marriageable
annus, -ī, m.year
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
omnis, -eall, every
avus, -ī, m.grandfather
atavus, -ī m.ancestor; great-great-great-grandfather
potēns, -entispowerful
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
adiungo, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin to, join
gener, -erī m.son-in-law
mīrus, -a, -umwonderful, strange
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushasten
amor, -ōris, m.love
sed, conj.but
varius, -a, -umvarious
portentum, -ī n.omen, portent, marvel
deus, -ī, m.god
terror, -ōris, m.terror, fright
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
laurus, -ī f.laurel, bay tree
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
penetrāle, -is n.inner part (of a house); (pl.) the innermost rooms
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
coma, -ae f.hair, a head of hair; foliage
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
arx, arcis f.citadel, stronghold
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sacrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsecrate, dedicate
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
colōnus, -ī m.settler, colonist; farmer
apis, -is f.bee
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
dēnsus, -a, -umthick
mīrābilis, -ewonderful, marvellous
strīdor, -ōris m.creaking, shrieking
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
trāns, prep. with acc.across, over
aethēr, -eris m. (acc. aethera)the upper air, the sky
vehō, vehere, vexī, vectuscarry
obsideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessusbeset, besiege
apex, -icis m.point, tip, peak
pēs, pedis, m.foot
mūtuus, -a, -umborrowed, lent; mutual (pecūnia mūtua: a loan)
nectō, -ere, nexuī, nexustie, bind; contrive (a plot)
exāmen, -inis n.swarm; tongue of a balance, hence the balance itself
subitus, -a, -umsudden
rāmus, -ī, m.branch, bough
frondeō, -ērebe in leaf, put out leaves
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
continuō (adv.)at once, immediately
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
adventō, -āre, -āvīcome nearer and nearer, approach
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
dominor, -ārī, -ātus sumbe master, rule
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
castus, -a, -umpure, chaste, spotless
adoleō, -ēre, -uī, -ultumburn, set on fire
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
altāria, -ium n. pl.altar
taeda, -ae f.pine torch; (often) the wedding torch, marriage
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
genitor, -ōris m.father
adstō, -stāre, -stitīstand at or near
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
comprehendō, -prehendere, -prehendī, -prehēnsusseize, catch
crīnis, -is m.hair, a lock of hair
ignis, -is, m.fire
rēgālis, -eroyal
accendō, -cendere, -cendī, -cēnsuskindle, light
corōna, -ae f.crown, wreath (sub corōnā vēndere: sell as slaves)
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
gemma, -ae f.jewel, precious stone; bud
tum, adv.then, at that time
fūmidus, -a, -umsmoky, steaming
lūmen, -minis, n.light
fulvus, -a, -umtawny, yellow-brown
involvō, -ere, -volvī, -volūtusroll up, wrap, envelop
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
horrendus, -a, -umdreadful, terrible
namque, conj.for
illūstris, -edistinguished, noble
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
populus, -ī m.people, nation
portendō, -ere, -tendī, -tentuspoint out beforehand, foretell, portend
Vergil, Aeneid VII. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.