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Vergil · Aeneid III

Aeneid 3.374–440

Helenus' prophecy of the route

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Aen. 3.374Nāte dea,—nam tē maiōribus īre per altum
375auspiciīs manifesta fidēs: sīc fāta deum rēx
sortītur, volvitque vices;
'Goddess-born — for there is clear proof that you sail the deep under greater auspices: so the king of the gods allots the fates and turns the cycle of events;
Aen. 3.376is vertitur ōrdō—
pauca tibi ē multīs, quō tūtior hospita lūstrēs
aequora et Ausoniō possīs cōnsīdere portū,
expediam dictīs;
this is the order that revolves — a few things out of many, so that you may travel more safely over welcoming seas and settle in an Ausonian harbour, I will set out for you in words;
Aen. 3.379prohibent nam cētera Parcae
380scīre Helenum fārīque vetat Sāturnia Iūnō.
for the Fates forbid Helenus to know the rest, and Saturn's daughter Juno forbids him to speak.
Aen. 3.381Prīncipiō Ītaliam, quam tū iam rēre propinquam
vīcīnōsque, ignāre, parās invādere portūs,
longa procul longīs via dīvidit invia terrīs.
First, Italy, which you, unaware, already think near, and whose neighbouring harbours you are preparing to enter, a long and pathless way divides from you by long tracts of land.

Aen. 3.384Ante et Trīnacriā lentandus remus in undā,
385et salis Ausoniī lūstrandum nāvibus aequor,
īnfernīque lacūs, Aeaeaeque īnsula Circae,
quam tūtā possīs urbem compōnere terrā:
signa tibi dīcam, tū condita mente tenētō:
cum tibi sollicitō sēcrētī ad flūminis undam
390lītoreīs ingēns inventa sub īlicibus sūs
trīgintā capitum fētūs ēnīxa iacēbit.
Before that, your oar must bend in the Trinacrian wave, and your ships must travel the surface of the Ausonian sea, and you must pass the lakes of the underworld and the island of Aeaean Circe, before you can build your city in a safe land: I will tell you signs; keep them stored in your mind: when, in your anxiety, by the waters of a secluded river, a huge sow is found lying under the oaks on the shore, having given birth to a litter of thirty young.
Aen. 3.392alba, solō recubāns, albī circum ūbera nātī,
is locus urbis erit, requiēs ea certa labōrum.
white, reclining on the ground, her white young around her teats — that will be the place for your city, that the sure rest from your toils.

Aen. 3.394Nec tū mēnsārum morsūs horrēsce futūrōs:
395fāta viam invenient, aderitque vocātus Apollo.
And do not dread the gnawing of tables to come: the fates will find a way, and Apollo will be at hand when called.
Aen. 3.396Hās autem terrās, Italīque hanc lītoris ōram,
proxuma quae nostrī perfunditur aequoris aestū,
effuge;
But these lands, and this coast of the Italian shore nearest us, washed by the tide of our own sea, flee;
Aen. 3.398cūncta malīs habitantur moenia Grāīs.all the towns are inhabited by evil Greeks. Aen. 3.399Hīc et Naryciī posuērunt moenia Locrī,
400et Sallentīnōs obsēdit mīlite campōs
Lyctius Idomeneus;
Here the Narycian Locrians have set their walls, and Lyctian Idomeneus has occupied the Sallentine plains with soldiers;
Aen. 3.401hīc illa ducis Meliboeī
parva Philoctētae subnīxa Petelia mūrō.
here is that little Petelia of the Meliboean leader Philoctetes, relying on its wall.
Aen. 3.403Quīn, ubi trānsmissae steterint trāns aequora classēs,
et positīs ārīs iam vōta in lītore solvēs,
405purpureō vēlāre comās adopertus amictū,
nē qua inter sānctōs ignīs in honōre deōrum
hostīlis faciēs occurrat et ōmina turbet.
Moreover, when your fleets have crossed the sea and stand on the far side, and you set up altars and now pay your vows on the shore, veil your hair, covered with a purple cloak, so that no hostile face may appear among the sacred fires in honour of the gods and disturb the omens.

Aen. 3.408Hunc sociī mōrem sacrōrum, hunc ipse tenētō:
hāc castī maneant in religiōne nepōtēs.
Let your comrades keep this custom of sacrifice, and keep it yourself: in this observance let your descendants remain pure.
Aen. 3.410Ast ubi dīgressum Siculae tē admōverit ōrae
ventus, et angustī rārēscent claustra Pelōrī,
laeva tibi tellūs et longō laeva petantur
aequora circuitū: dextrum fuge lītus et undās.
But when, after you have set out, the wind brings you to the Sicilian coast, and the barriers of narrow Pelorus open out, make for the land on the left and the seas on the left in a long circuit: flee the shore and the waves on the right.
Aen. 3.414Haec loca vī quondam et vāstā convolsa ruīnā—
415tantum aevī longinqua valet mūtāre vetustās—
dissiluisse ferunt, cum prōtinus utraque tellūs
ūna foret;
These places, they say, once torn apart by force and vast upheaval — so much can the long passage of time change — leapt asunder, when the two lands were one unbroken whole;
Aen. 3.417vēnit mediō vī pontus et undīs
Hesperium Siculō latus abscidit, arvaque et urbēs
lītore dīductās angustō interluit aestū.
the sea came with force between, and with its waves cut off the Hesperian side from the Sicilian, and with a narrow tide flows between fields and cities parted by the shore.

Aen. 3.420Dextrum Scylla latus, laevum implācāta Charybdis
obsidet, atque īmō barathrī ter gurgite vāstōs
sorbet in abruptum flūctūs, rūrsusque sub aurās
ērigit alternōs et sīdera verberat unda.
Scylla besets the right side, implacable Charybdis the left, and three times with the lowest whirlpool of her abyss she sucks the vast waves down sheer, and again hurls them up in turn to the air and lashes the stars with water.
Aen. 3.424At Scyllam caecīs cohibet spēlunca latebrīs,
425ōra exsertantem et nāvīs in saxa trahentem.
But Scylla a cave confines in hidden lairs, as she thrusts out her mouths and drags ships onto the rocks.
Aen. 3.426Prīma hominis faciēs et pulchrō pectore virgō
pūbe tenus, postrēma immānī corpore pristis,
delphīnum caudās uterō commissa lupōrum.
Above, she has a human face, and is a maiden with lovely breast down to the groin; below, a sea-monster of enormous body, with dolphins' tails joined to a belly of wolves.
Aen. 3.429Praestat Trīnacriī mētās lūstrāre Pachȳnī
430cessantem, longōs et circumflectere cursūs,
quam semel īnfōrmem vāstō vīdisse sub antrō
Scyllam, et caeruleīs canibus resonantia saxa.
It is better to round the turning-post of Trinacrian Pachynus at leisure and take a long, winding course, than once to have seen misshapen Scylla in her vast cave, and the rocks resounding with her sea-dark hounds.

Aen. 3.433Praetereā, sī qua est Helenō prūdentia, vātī
sī qua fidēs, animum sī vērīs implet Apollo,
435ūnum illud tibi, nāte dea, prōque omnibus ūnum
praedīcam, et repetēns iterumque iterumque monēbō:
Iūnōnis magnae prīmum prece nūmen adōrā;
Furthermore, if Helenus has any foresight, if the seer is to be trusted at all, if Apollo fills his mind with truth, this one thing, goddess-born, one thing in place of all, I will foretell you and, repeating it, warn you again and again: first worship with prayer the power of great Juno;
Aen. 3.438Iūnōnī cane vōta libēns, dominamque potentem
supplicibus superā dōnīs: sīc dēnique victor
440Trīnacriā fīnīs Italōs mittere relictā.
sing vows gladly to Juno, and win over the mighty mistress with suppliant gifts: so at last, victorious, you will be sent, leaving Trinacria behind, to the borders of Italy.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×2, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (287 words)
nātus, -ī m.son; (pl.) children
dea, -ae f.goddess
nam, conj.for
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
altum, -ī n.the deep, the open sea; a height
auspicium, -ī n.taking of the auspices (reading the will of the gods from birds); omen
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
sīc, adv.so, thus
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
deus, -ī, m.god
rēx, rēgis, m.king
sortior, -īrī, -ītuscast or draw lots
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
que, enclitic conj.and
vicis (gen.), vicem f.change, turn; in vicem: in turn
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
hospita, -ae f.hostess; foreign woman; (as adj.) foreign, of a stranger
lūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspurify by sacrifice; review (an army)
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
Ausonius, -a, -umAusonian, Italian (Ausonia: a poetic name for Italy)
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
expediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusfree, set clear; get ready; arrange, settle
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
for, fārī, fātus sumspeak, say
vetō, -āre, vetuī, vetitumforbid
prīncipium, -ī n.beginning; prīncipiō, in the first place
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
iam, adv.now, already
reor, rērī, ratus sumthink, suppose, reckon
propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f.near; (noun) relative
vīcīnus, -ī m.neighbor
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsusgo into, attack, seize; come upon
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
via, -ae, f.road, way
dīvidō, -videre, -vīsī, -vīsusdivide, separate
invius, -a, -umpathless, impassable
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
Trīnacrius, -a, -umof Trinacria, Sicilian
lentō, -ārebend (an oar)
rēmus, -ī, m.oar
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
unda, -ae, f.wave
sāl, salis, m.salt
nāvis, -is, f.ship
īnfernus, -a, -umbelow, of the underworld; (pl. as noun) the gods below
lacus, -ūs, m.lake
Aeaeus, -a, -umof Aeaea, Circe's island
īnsula, -ae, f.island
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
urbs, urbis, f.city
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
condō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput together, found; store away
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sollicitus, -a, -umtroubled, anxious
sēcrētus, -a, -umseparate; secret, private
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
flūmen, -minis, n.river
lītoreus, -a, -umof the shore, shore-dwelling
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
īlex, -icis f.holm-oak, evergreen oak
sūs, suis m./f.pig, boar
trīgintā (indecl.)thirty
caput, capitis, n.head
fētus, -ūs m.offspring, young; fruit, produce (of plants)
ēnītor, -ī, -nīsus (-nīxus) sumstruggle upward; strive, exert oneself
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
albus, -a, -umwhite
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
recubō, -ārelie back, recline
circum, prep. with acc.around
ūber, -eris n.teat, breast
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
requiēs, -ētis f.rest, repose
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mēnsa, -ae f.table
morsus, -ūs m.bite; jaws
horrēscō, -ere, horruīshudder, begin to tremble (at)
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
ōra, -ae f.coast, shore
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
noster, -tra, -trumour
perfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour over, drench; fill (with a feeling)
aestus, -ūs m.heat; tide
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
malus, -a, -umbad
habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdwell, inhabit
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
Narycius, -a, -umof Naryx in Locris; Locrian
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
Sallentīnus, -a, -umof the Sallentini, in the heel of Italy
obsideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessusbeset, besiege
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
Lyctius, -a, -umof Lyctus in Crete; Cretan
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
subnīxus, -a, -umresting on, supported by
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
trānsmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend across; cross over
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
trāns, prep. with acc.across, over
classis, -is f.fleet
āra, -ae, f.altar
vōtum, -ī n.vow; wish, prayer
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
purpureus, -a, -umpurple, dyed purple
vēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusveil, cover
coma, -ae f.hair, a head of hair; foliage
adoperiō, -īre, -operuī, -opertuscover over
amictus, -ūs m.cloak, wrap, garment
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
ignis, -is, m.fire
honor, -ōris, m.honor
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
occurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun against, meet
ōmen, ōminis n.omen, sign; hīsce ōminibus: with these words of ill omen
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
castus, -a, -umpure, chaste, spotless
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
religiō, -ōnis f.religious scruple, religious duty
nepōs, nepōtis, m.grandson
ast (conj.)but (older form of at)
dīgredior, -gredī, -gressus sumgo away, part, separate
Siculus, -a, -umSicilian; fretum Siculum: the strait of Messina
admoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove up, bring near
ventus, -ī, m.wind
angustus, -a, -umnarrow, cramped
rārēscō, -eregrow thin, open out, become sparse
claustrum, -ī n.bar, bolt; barrier, enclosure
laevus, -a, -umleft; ad laevam (manum): on the left
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
circuitus, -ūs m.way around, circuit
dexter, -tra, -trumright
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
vāstus, -a, -umwaste, huge, enormous, vast
convellō, -ere, -vellī, -vulsumtear away, wrench loose; shatter
ruīna, -ae f.fall, collapse, ruin
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
longinquus, -a, -umdistant, remote
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
vetustās, -ātis f.age, antiquity; the distant past
dissiliō, -īre, -uīleap apart, fly apart, burst
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
medium, -ī n.the middle; in mediō: in the midst
Hesperius, -a, -umwestern; terra Hesperia: the western land, Italy
latus, lateris n.side, flank
abscindō, -scindere, -scidī, -scissustear away or off
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
dīdūcō, -ere, -dūxī, -ductumspread out, divide
interluō, -ereflow between
implācātus, -a, -umunappeased, insatiable
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
īmus, -a, -umlowest (ab īmō: from the bottom)
barathrum, -ī n.abyss, pit; the underworld
ter (adv.)three times
gurges, -itis m.whirlpool; the deep, the sea
sorbeō, -ēre, -uīsuck in, swallow up
abrumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptusbreak off, cut short
flūctus, -ūs m.wave
rūrsus, adv.again
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
alternus, -a, -umone after the other, alternating
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
verberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbeat, flog
at, conj.but
caecus, -a, -umblind
cohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold back, restrain, keep in check
spēlunca, -ae, f.cave, cavern
latebra, -ae f.hiding place, lair
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
exsertō, -ārestretch out, keep thrusting out
saxum, -ī, n.rock, stone
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
homō, hominis, m.man
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
pūbēs, -erisadult, grown-up (of men of military age)
tenus (prep. + abl., after its noun)as far as, up to
postrēmus, -a, -umlast
immānis, -ehuge, enormous; savage
corpus, corporis, n.body
pristis, -is f.sea monster, whale; (name of a ship) the Pristis
delphīn, -īnis m. (acc. -īna)dolphin
cauda, -ae, f.tail
uterus, -ī m.belly, womb
committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle
lupus, -ī m.wolf
praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitusstand in front; show
mēta, -ae f.turning-post; goal, end point
cessō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstop, cease, rest; be idle
circumflectō, -ere, -flexī, -flexusbend round; wheel round, turn
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
semel (adv.)once (semel atque iterum: again and again)
īnfōrmis, -eshapeless; ugly
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
antrum, -ī, n.cave
caeruleus, -a, -umdark blue
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
resonō, -āre, -āvīresound, echo
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
sī, conj.if
prūdentia, -ae, f.prudence
vātēs, -is m. and f.prophet, seer, soothsayer
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
omnis, -eall, every
praedīcō, -dīcere, -dīxī, -dictussay beforehand, foretell, predict
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
iterum, adv.again, a second time
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
adōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusworship, bow down to; entreat
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
libēns (lubēns), -entiswilling, glad; (as adv.) gladly
domina, -ae, f.mistress
potēns, -entispowerful
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
dōnum, -ī, n.gift
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
Vergil, Aeneid III. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.