LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Vergil › Aeneid, Book 11 › Aeneid 11.868–895

Vergil · Aeneid XI

Aeneid 11.868–895

The Latins routed at the gates

English onlyRead it word by word

Aen. 11.868Prīma fūgit dominā āmissā levis ala Camillae;First, its mistress lost, Camilla's light-armed wing flees; Aen. 11.869turbātī fugiunt Rutulī, fūgit ācer Atīnās
870disiectīque ducēs dēsōlātīque maniplī
tūta petunt et equīs āversī ad moenia tendunt.
the Rutulians flee in confusion, keen Atinas flees, and the scattered leaders and forsaken companies seek safety and, turning their horses, make for the walls.
Aen. 11.872Nec quisquam īnstantīs Teucrōs lētumque ferentīs
sustentāre valet tēlīs aut sistere contrā,
sed laxōs referunt umerīs languentibus arcūs,
875quadrupedumque putrem cursū quatit ungula campum.
Nor can anyone hold back with weapons the Teucrians as they press on bringing death, or stand against them, but they carry back their slack bows on drooping shoulders, and the hooves of the horses shake the crumbling plain at the gallop.
Aen. 11.876Volvitur ad mūrōs cālīgine turbidus ātrā
pulvis, et ē speculīs percussae pectora mātrēs
fēmineum clamōrem ad caelī sīdera tollunt.
Thick with black gloom, the dust rolls towards the walls, and from the watch-towers the mothers, beating their breasts, raise a women's cry to the stars of heaven.
Aen. 11.879Quī cursū portās prīmī inrūpēre patentīs,
880hōs inimīca super mīxtō premit agmine turba;
Those who at a run first burst through the open gates, a hostile crowd presses close on them, mingled with their column;
Aen. 11.881nec miseram effugiunt mortem, sed līmine in ipsō,
moenibus in patriīs atque inter tūta domōrum
cōnfīxī exspīrant animās.
nor do they escape a wretched death, but on the very threshold, within their native walls and amid the safety of their homes, they are run through and breathe out their lives.

Aen. 11.883Pars claudere portās:
nec sociīs aperīre viam nec moenibus audent
885accipere ōrantīs, orīturque miserrima caedēs
dēfendentum armīs aditūs inque arma ruentum.
Some close the gates: they dare neither open a way to their comrades nor admit them within the walls as they plead, and a most pitiable slaughter arises of those defending the entrance with arms and of those rushing upon the arms.
Aen. 11.887Exclūsī ante oculōs lacrumantumque ōra parentum
pars in praecipitīs fossās urgente ruīnā
volvitur, immissīs pars caeca et concita frēnīs
890arietat in portās et dūrōs obice postīs.
Shut out, before the eyes and faces of their weeping parents, some roll into the steep ditches as the rout presses on; some, blindly and with loosened reins, charge at the gates and the doorposts hard with bars.
Aen. 11.891Ipsae dē mūrīs summō certāmine mātrēs,
mōnstrat amor vērus patriae, ut vīdēre Camillam,
tēla manū trepidae iaciunt ac rōbore dūrō
stīpitibus ferrum sudibusque imitantur obustīs
895praecipitēs prīmaeque morī prō moenibus ārdent.
The mothers themselves from the walls, in the utmost struggle (true love of country shows them the way), when they saw Camilla, hurl weapons from their hands in alarm, and with hard oak, with stakes and fire-hardened poles, imitate iron, headlong, and burn to be the first to die for their walls.

Read the Latin itself: tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and keep your place.

Read in Lectitō

Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3, indirect statement ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (137 words)
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrusflee, run away
domina, -ae, f.mistress
āmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend away, lose
levis, -elight, slight
ala, -ae, f.wing
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
ācer, ācris, ācresharp, shrill
disiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow apart, scatter
que, enclitic conj.and
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
dēsōlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusleave alone, abandon, desert
manipulus, -ī m.maniple (a company of soldiers)
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
equus, -ī, m.horse
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversumturn away, turn aside
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
moenia, -ium, n. plur.walls
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
īnstō, -āre, -stitīpress on; be at hand
lētum, -ī n.death
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
sustentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumhold out, endure
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
sistō, -ere, stitī, statusstop, halt; set up
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
sed, conj.but
laxus, -a, -umloose, slack
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
umerus, -ī, m.shoulder
langueō, -ēre, languībe faint, be sick
arcus, -ūs, m.bow
quadrupēs, -pedisfour-footed; (n. pl. as noun) quadrupeds, four-footed beasts
putris, -erotten, decaying; crumbling, loose (of soil)
cursus, -ūs, m.running, speed; course, route, voyage; race
quatiō, -ere, —, quassusshake, beat
ungula, -ae f.hoof
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
cālīgō, -inis f.mist, fog; darkness, gloom
turbidus, -a, -umstormy, wild, confused
āter, ātra, ātrumblack, dark; gloomy
pulvis, -eris m.dust
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
specula, -ae f.lookout, watchtower, height
percutiō, -cutere, -cussī, -cussusstrike through, strike
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
māter, mātris, f.mother
fēmineus, -a, -umof a woman, a woman's, female
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
caelum, -ī, n.heaven, sky
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
inrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusburst into or in
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mīxtusmix, mingle
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
turba, -ae f.crowd
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
mors, mortīs, f.death
līmen, -minis, n.threshold; door
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
cōnfīgō, -ere, -fīxī, -fīxumfasten together
exspīrō, -spīrāre, -spīrāvī, -spīrātusbreathe out
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
socius, -ī, m.companion, comrade, ally
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
via, -ae, f.road, way
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
caedēs, -is, f.cutting down, killing, slaughter
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
ruō, -ere, -ī, -itūrusrush
exclūdō, -clūdere, -clūsī, -clūsusshut out, hinder, prevent
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
oculus, -ī, m.eye
lacrimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusweep, shed tears
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
praeceps, -cipitisheadlong
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
urgeō, -ēre, ursīpress hard
ruīna, -ae f.fall, collapse, ruin
immittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or let in
caecus, -a, -umblind
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
frēnum, -ī n.bridle, rein
arietō, -ārebutt like a ram; strike, batter
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
obex, -icis m./f.bar, bolt, barrier; obstacle
postis, -is m.doorpost; door
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
certāmen, -minis, n.struggle, contest
mōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspoint out, show
amor, -ōris, m.love
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
manus, -ūs, f.hand
trepidus, -a, -umanxious, alarmed; critical, dangerous
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
rōbur, rōboris, n.oak
stīpes, -itis m.stake, post, tree trunk
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
sudis, -is f.stake, pile
imitor, -ārī, -ātus sumcopy, imitate
obustus, -a, -umburnt, hardened in the fire
morior, morī, mortuusdie
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
Vergil, Aeneid XI. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.