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Vergil · Aeneid XI

Aeneid 11.59–99

Pallas' funeral procession

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Aen. 11.59Haec ubi dēflēvit, tollī miserābile corpus
60imperat et tōtō lēctōs ex agmine mittit
mīlle virōs, quī suprēmum comitentur honōrem
intersintque patris lacrimīs, sōlācia lūctūs
exigua ingentis, miserō sed dēbita patrī.
When he had finished weeping these words, he orders the pitiable body to be lifted, and sends a thousand men chosen from the whole army to accompany the last honour and share the father's tears, small comfort for a vast grief, but owed to the wretched father.
Aen. 11.64Haud segnēs aliī crātēs et molle feretrum
65arbuteīs texunt virgīs et vīmine quernō
exstrūctōsque torōs obtentū frondis inumbrant.
Others, not slow, weave hurdles and a soft bier from arbutus shoots and oak wicker, and shade the heaped-up couch with a canopy of leaves.
Aen. 11.67Hīc iuvenem agrestī sublīmem strāmine pōnunt,
quālem virgineō dēmessum pollice flōrem
seu mollis violae seu languentis hyacinthī,
70cui neque fulgor adhūc necdum sua fōrma recessit:
nōn iam māter alit tellūs vīrēsque ministrat.
Here they lay the young man high on his rustic bed, like a flower cut by a maiden's thumb, a soft violet or a drooping hyacinth, whose sheen and beauty have not yet departed: no longer does mother earth nourish it and supply its strength.

Aen. 11.72Tum geminās vestēs aurōque ostrōque rigentīs
extulit Aenēās, quās illī laeta labōrum
ipsa suīs quondam manibus Sīdōnia Dīdō
75fēcerat et tenuī tēlās discrēverat aurō.
Then Aeneas brought out twin garments, stiff with gold and purple, which Sidonian Dido, glad in the labour, had once made for him with her own hands, and had picked out the weave with fine gold.
Aen. 11.76Hārum ūnam iuvenī suprēmum maestus honōrem
induit ārsūrāsque comās obnūbit amictū,
multaque praetereā Laurentis praemia pugnae
aggerat et longō praedam iubet ōrdine dūcī.
One of these, in sorrow, he puts on the young man as a last honour, and veils in the cloth the hair that is to burn, and besides heaps up many prizes from the Laurentine battle and orders the booty to be led in a long line.
Aen. 11.80Addit equōs et tēla, quibus spoliāverat hostem.He adds the horses and weapons of which he had stripped the enemy. Aen. 11.81Vinxerat et post terga manūs, quōs mitteret umbrīs
īnferiās, caesō sparsūrōs sanguine flammās,
indūtōsque iubet truncōs hostīlibus armīs
ipsōs ferre ducēs inimīcaque nōmina fīgī.
He had bound behind their backs the hands of those he would send to the shades as offerings for the dead, to sprinkle the flames with the blood of their slaughter, and he orders the leaders themselves to carry tree-trunks dressed in enemy arms, and the hated names to be fixed on them.

Aen. 11.85Dūcitur īnfēlīx aevō cōnfectus Acoetēs:
pectora nunc foedāns pugnīs, nunc unguibus ōra
sternitur et tōtō prōiectus corpore terrae.~.~.
Unhappy Acoetes is led along, worn out with age: now disfiguring his breast with his fists, now his face with his nails, he throws himself down and lies stretched full length on the earth . . .
Aen. 11.88Dūcunt et Rutulō perfūsōs sanguine currūs.They lead too the chariots drenched with Rutulian blood. Aen. 11.89Post bellātor equus positīs īnsignibus Aethōn
90it lacrimāns guttīsque ūmectat grandibus ōra.
Behind comes the warhorse Aethon, his trappings laid aside, weeping, and he wets his face with great drops.
Aen. 11.91Hastam aliī galeamque ferunt, nam cētera Turnus
victor habet.
Others carry his spear and helmet, for the rest Turnus holds as victor.
Aen. 11.92Tum maesta phalanx Teucrīque sequuntur
Tyrrhēnīque omnēs et versīs Arcadēs armīs.
Then follow the mourning phalanx, the Teucrians and all the Tyrrhenians, and the Arcadians with arms reversed.
Aen. 11.94Postquam omnis longē comitum praecesserat ōrdō,
95substitit Aenēās gemitūque haec addidit altō:
Nōs aliās hinc ad lacrimās eadem horrida bellī
fāta vocant: salvē aeternum mihi, maxime Palla,
aeternumque valē.
When the whole column of companions had gone far ahead, Aeneas halted and with a deep groan added this: 'The same grim fates of war call us hence to other tears: hail for ever, greatest Pallas, and for ever farewell.'
Aen. 11.98Nec plūra effātus ad altōs
tendēbat mūrōs gressumque in castra ferēbat.
Saying no more, he made for the high walls and took his way into the camp.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (192 words)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
dēfleō, -ēre, -flēvī, -flētusweep for, lament
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
miserābilis, -epitiable, wretched
corpus, corporis, n.body
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
lēctus, -a, -umchosen; choice, excellent
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
vir, virī, m.man
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
suprēmus, -a, -umhighest, last
comitor, -ārī, -ātus sumaccompany, follow
honor, -ōris, m.honor
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
que, enclitic conj.and
pater, patris, m.father
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
sōlācium, -ī n.comfort, consolation
lūctus, -ūs m.grief, mourning
exiguus, -a, -umsmall, scanty, short
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
sed, conj.but
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
haud, adv.not at all, by no means, not
segnis, -eslow, sluggish, idle
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
crātēs, -is f.wickerwork, hurdle
mollis, -esoft, weak
feretrum, -ī n.bier
arbuteus, -a, -umof the arbutus (strawberry tree)
texō, -ere, -uī, -tusweave
virga, -ae f.rod, stick, staff
vīmen, -minis, n.osier
quernus, -a, -umof oak, oaken
exstruō, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctuspile or heap up, build, erect
torus, -ī m.cushion, mattress; couch
obtentus, -ūs m.covering; pretext, show
frōns, frondis f.leafy branch, foliage
inumbrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshade, overshadow
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
agrestis, -eof the country, rustic; boorish
sublīmis, -ehigh, lofty; in sublīme: up on high
strāmen, -inis n.straw, thatch
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
quālis, -eof what sort? what kind of?
virgineus, -a, -umof a maiden, virgin
dēmetō, -ere, -messuī, -messusmow, reap, cut down
pollex, -icis m.thumb (digitus pollex)
flōs, flōris m.flower
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
viola, -ae f.violet; violet colour
langueō, -ēre, languībe faint, be sick
hyacinthus, -ī m.hyacinth, a dark flower (perhaps iris or larkspur)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
fulgor, -ōris m.flash, glare, brightness
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
necdum (adv.)and not yet, not yet
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
nōn, adv.not
iam, adv.now, already
māter, mātris, f.mother
alō, -ere, -uī, -tusnourish
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
ministrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumserve, wait on (+ dat.)
tum, adv.then, at that time
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
aurum, -ī, n.gold
ostrum, -ī n.purple dye; purple cloth
rigeō, -ērebe stiff
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
manus, -ūs, f.hand
Sīdōnius, -a, -umof Sidon; Phoenician
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
tenuis, -ethin
tēla, -ae f.web; the warp on a loom; woven cloth
discernō, -ere, -crēvī, -crētusseparate; distinguish, tell apart
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
maestus, -a, -umsad, dejected, gloomy
induō, induere, induī, indūtusput on; clothe
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
coma, -ae f.hair, a head of hair; foliage
obnūbō, -ere, -nūpsī, -nūptuscover up, veil (the head)
amictus, -ūs m.cloak, wrap, garment
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
Laurēns, -entisof Laurentum, Laurentine (ager Laurēns: the land around Laurentum, on the coast of Latium)
praemium, -ī, n.reward
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
aggerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusheap up, pile up; increase
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.arrangement, order, rank; ex ōrdine, in order
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
equus, -ī, m.horse
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
spoliō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstrip, rob
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
vinciō, vincīre, vinxī, vinctusbind
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
tergum, -ī, n.back
umbra, -ae, f.shadow, shade
īnferiae, -ārum f. pl.offerings to the dead, funeral rites
caedō, -ere, cecīdī, caesumcut, cut down; kill
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
flamma, -ae, f.flame
truncus, -ī m.tree trunk
hostīlis, -eof the enemy, hostile
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
aevum, -ī n.age, lifetime; old age
cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
nunc, adv.now
foedō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake foul, disfigure; desecrate
pugnus, -ī m.fist
unguis, -is m.fingernail, nail; claw
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
prōiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow forth or down, cast away, throw
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
Rutulus, -a, -umRutulian, of the Rutuli, Turnus' people
perfundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour over, drench; fill (with a feeling)
currus, -ūs, m.chariot, car
bellātor, -ōris m.warrior, fighter
īnsigne, -is n.badge, mark, decoration
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
lacrimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusweep, shed tears
gutta, -ae f.drop; spot, speck
ūmectō, -ārewet, moisten
grandis, -elarge, big
hasta, -ae f.spear
galea, -ae, f.helmet
nam, conj.for
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
phalanx, -angis f.phalanx, close battle formation
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
Tyrrhēnus, -a, -umEtruscan; mare Tyrrhēnum: the sea west of Italy
omnis, -eall, every
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
longē, adv.far
comes, -itis, m. and f.companion
praecēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo before; surpass
subsistō, -ere, -stitīhalt, make a stand
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
nōsplur. of ego
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
horridus, -a, -umrough, wild, frightening
bellum, -ī, n.war
fātum, -ī, n.destiny, fate
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
salveō, -ērebe well; salvēre iubeō: I greet, I hail
aeternus, -a, -umeverlasting, eternal
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
effor, -fārī, -fātus sumspeak out, pronounce (a solemn formula)
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
gressus, -ūs m.step, pace; course
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
Vergil, Aeneid XI. Latin text: J. B. Greenough, The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil (Boston, 1881), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.